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Biogas to Energy at Municipal Biogas to Energy at Municipal

Biogas to Energy at Municipal - PowerPoint Presentation

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Biogas to Energy at Municipal - PPT Presentation

Waste Water Treatment Works A Toolkit for Municipalities to Assess the Potential at Individual Plants Presentation What is Biogas Biogas to Energy at a WWTW Assessment of biogas to energy potential ID: 613202

wwtw biogas potential energy biogas wwtw energy potential electricity assessment results xxx tool project process plant sludge recommendations framework

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Slide1

Biogas to Energy at MunicipalWaste Water Treatment Works

A Toolkit for Municipalities to Assess the Potential at Individual Plants

PresentationSlide2

What is Biogas?

Biogas to Energy at a WWTWAssessment of biogas to energy potential at a WWTWLicensing and Regulatory Framework

Results of the

biogas to energy potential assessment tool

Recommendations and Way

ForwardSlide3

Biogas is produced when any type of organic material decomposes in the absence of oxygen – an anaerobic digestion process (AD).

Biogas consists primarily of:methane (CH4) – between 55 and 75%

carbon dioxide (CO2

) - between 25 and 45% and

some traces of hydrogen sulfide (H

2

S), moisture and siloxanes

.

ORGANIC

INPUT

DIGESTATE

(Liquid Compost)

BIOGAS

WHAT IS BIOGAS?Slide4

Sewerage:

domestic, municipal, schools, hotels, etcFood waste: domestic &

industrial / commercial, incl. fats and oils

Manure:

pig

, cattle - dairy or feedlot, chicken, etc

Agricultural

: vegetables

, fruit, maize, sugar cane, etc

Commercial

: abattoirs, cheese factories, breweries,

wine estates, processing plants, fruit & veg packaging plants, etc TYPICAL FEEDSTOCKS (INPUT)Slide5

Biogas is a combustible gas and can be utilized in the same way as LPG or Natural Gas.

Typical applications of biogas: TYPICAL APPLICATIONSCookingLightHot water

Generate electricity and heatFuel for vehiclesSlide6

John Fry

BIOGAS PIONEER

Photograph appeared in a Farmers

Weekly published in 1957

!

South Africa was one of the first countries in the world to utilise

biogas on a pig farm south of Johannesburg in the early

1950

’sSlide7

Newcastle

UpingtonAliwal North

South

Africa was also one of the first countries in the world to

utilise

digesters as part of sludge management at WWTW;

Many WWTW still have old digesters built in the 1970’s

and 1980’s!

PotchefstroomSlide8

Commercial digester Springs

Biogas TO Combined heat and Power (CHP) at Johannesburg Northern Works Waste Water Treatment Plant COMMERCIAL SCALE DIGESTERS Slide9

What is Biogas?

Biogas to Energy at a WWTWAssessment of biogas to energy potential at a WWTWLicensing and Regulatory Framework

Results of the

biogas to energy potential assessment tool

Recommendations and Way

ForwardSlide10

WWTW

Digester Gas Conditioning

H

2

O

H

2

S

Siloxanes

GenSet

GenSet

38°C

Gas Production

Gas Cleanup Process

Power Generation

Heat Recovery

Anaerobic Digester

Scrubbed BioGas

SLUDGE TO BIOGAS TO ENERGY AT A WWTW - Animated model

10

In a presentation mode this slide is animated and shows the

biogas to energy

process

in a WWTWSlide11

Use biogas to generate electricity

for use by the WWTW (The percentage of electricity that can be replaced will depend on the actual process used by the specific WWTW) Produce heat and use this to heat the digester (optimize biogas production potential)

Improved sludge management

(reduce quantity, improve quality) Reduce Greenhouse Gases emissions (methane is 21 times more potent than CO2

as a Greenhouse Gas)

Job creation and skills

transfer (introduction of new technology)

POTENTIAL

BENEFITS OF A BIOGAS PLANTSlide12

What is Biogas?

Biogas to Energy at a WWTWAssessment of biogas to energy potential at a WWTWLicensing and Regulatory Framework

Results of the

biogas to energy potential assessment toolRecommendations and Way

ForwardSlide13

The ultimate viability of establishing a cogeneration plant from biogas at a municipal WWTW is primarily dependant on the quantity and quality

of sludge being produced by the works, which can then be used as feedstock for the biogas digester.The quantity and quality in turn is highly dependant on the specific treatment processes used by each WWTW.GIZ, SALGA and the service providers involved do not take any responsibility for the results of the tool. These results highly depend on the assumption and need to be verified through an in-depth assessment. BIOGAS POTENTIAL ASSESSMENTSlide14

Other factors influencing biogas

yields:• Retention time • Volatile solids (VSS) • Operating capacity WWTW PROCESS Each WWTW employs a different treatment process:each process produces different quantities and quality of sludge

each process has specific electricity needs

Lower

electricity

needs

Plants with PST’s

(Primary settling tanks)

Higher

sludge potential

Trickling plant

BNR

(Biological Nutrient Removal)

Higher

Electricity

needs

Activated sludge

Lower

sludge potential

Extended aerationSlide15

AIM OF THE TOOLKIT:The Toolkit has been developed to assist municipalities to determine the biogas to energy potential of their specific WWTW.

INPUT REQUIRED:The Tool requires the specific input from: the municipal waste water specialist the finance department OUTPUT GENERATED:The excel tool will

generate basic information that will assist the municipality to decide in principle whether to pursue a

cogeneration from biogas projectInformation on:

Feedstock / biogas:

Electricity matters:

Financial matters:

Licenses / permits:

Project Ownership:

THE

BIOGAS TO ENERGY TOOLKITSlide16

What is Biogas?

Biogas to Energy at a WWTWAssessment of biogas to energy potential at a WWTWLicensing and Regulatory Framework

Results of the

biogas to energy potential assessment tool

Recommendations and Way

ForwardSlide17

The authorisations required (depending on size and location of the project):

Environmental Authorisation (EA)Water Use License (WULA) or General Authorisation (GA)Air Emissions License (AEL)Existing WWTW must be lawful i.e. have the necessary approvals / licenses / permits to operateThe relevant Acts are amended on a continuous basis

The need for specific licenses and authorisation is triggered by project and waste amounts. Each project will require different licenses. LICENSES

AND AUTHORISATIONS:Slide18

What is Biogas?

Biogas to Energy at a WWTWAssessment of biogas to energy potential at a WWTWLicensing and Regulatory Framework

Results of the

biogas to energy potential assessment toolRecommendations and Way ForwardSlide19

Number of modules: xx modules

Total installed capacity: xxx Ml/day - Current inflow: xxx Ml/day Main processes used:

Sludge management processes: (and any current challenges with sludge if any):

Existing operational digesters: xxx digesters (not) heated / (not) mixed

Electricity consumption (in kWh and/or

R

ands):

xxx kWh/month or xxx

rands/months

MAIN TECHNICAL ASSUMPTIONS:Slide20

FLOW DIAGRAMSPECIMENSlide21

A biogas plant could results in electricity saving of XXXXX KWh/day

(or per month or per year)This could lead to savings of XXXXXX rands/year (using average electricity price)The installed capacity of the engine could be XXX kWe

Sludge production can be reduced by XXX tons of dry solid / day

RESULTS FROM THE PREVIOUS FLOW DIAGRAMSlide22

The results show that:

the overall cost to generate electricity from biogas is HIGHER / LOWER than buying electricity from Eskom / the municipalityA biogas plant could generate up to XX % of the electricity requirement of the plant (with maximum inflow)

ELECTRICITY GENERATION RESULTSSPECIMENSlide23

SPECIMEN

MAIN FINANCIAL RESULTSSlide24

Total investment costs: xxx

million RandsTotal operational cost: xxx Rands/month

Average electricity price currently paid by the WWTW: xxx c/kWh

Average electricity price from CHP engines: xxx c/kWh

Total

p

roject savings over project life:

xxx

million Rands

Repayment period (payback period):

xx

years

MAIN FINANCIAL RESULTSSlide25

What is Biogas?

Biogas to Energy at a WWTWAssessment of biogas to energy potential at a WWTWLicensing and Regulatory Framework

Results of the

biogas to energy potential assessment tool

Recommendations and Way

ForwardSlide26

Because of the project size and in order to save time and complicated contractual issues, a successful business model has been found to be:

Full ownership of the plant by the municipalityInvestment by the municipalityAppointment, through competitive tender, of a service provider to design, build, manage and operate the plant for a period of 7 – 10 years RECOMMENDED BUSINESS MODELSlide27

This is just a high level evaluation

Should a decision be taken for the project, an in-depth study should be conducted to:Confirm these resultsIdentify additional opportunities and optimisation options which could lead to higher biogas potentialPrepare the tender documentsSecure funding WAY FORWARDSlide28

ANY QUESTIONS ON THE TOOL?

For GIZ:Contact: Sofja Giljova Cell: 012 423 5900Email:

sofja.giljova@giz.de or

sagen@giz.de For SALGA:Contact:

Aurelie Ferry

Cell:

012 369 8000Email:

aferry@salga.org.za