Sedimentarysandstone Metamorphic gneiss Igneous diorite 1 What is a Rock Naturally Occurring not man made Solid Mixture of minerals other organic matter 2 What makes a rock different from a mineral ID: 615830
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Slide1
Igneous, Sedimentary & Metamorphic Rocks
Sedimentary-sandstone
Metamorphic- gneiss
Igneous- dioriteSlide2
1. What is a Rock?
Naturally Occurring
(not man made)
Solid
Mixture of minerals other organic matterSlide3
2. What makes a rock different from a mineral?
Rock
Both
Mineral
Made of
one or more minerals
Solid
Made of
one type of element
Random
crystal or no crystal structure
Naturally OccurringOrderly crystal structure (do quick sketch)←Granite= Quartz+ Feldspar+ Muscovite (do quick sketch)Slide4
Igneous
RocksSlide5
3.
Magma & Lava form different types of igneous rock
Igneous rock is classified by where rock forms
In
trusive vs.
Ex
trusive
forms when magma
forms
when
lava cools in the earth cools on earth’s surfaceSlide6
Intrusive Vs. Extrusive
Diorite Granite Basalt Andesite
Pegmatite Gabbro Rhyolite ScoriaSlide7
4. Igneous Rocks:
Crystal size & Cooling Time
Location of Rock
Intrusive (in earth)
Extrusive (earth surface)
Crystal Size
Large crystals
Small crystals
Picture
Cooling time
Longer cooling time
Shorter cooling timeSlide8
Sedimentary RockSlide9
5. Some rocks form from rock particles
Sediment
= materials that
settles
out of water or air
Materials can be:
tiny pieces of rock
broken minerals
pieces of plants and animal remainsSlide10
6. How do sedimentary rocks form?
Sediments
pile on top of each other on
land
or in water
As sediments pile, they become
compacted
and
cement
togetherSlide11
Sedimentation ProcessSlide12
Sedimentary rock layersSlide13
Rock layers
www.eos.ubc.ca/courses/eosc320/eosc320.htm
Slide14
7. Some rocks form from
plants or shells
Coal-
created from plant remains (dead wood, bark, leaves, stems, and roots)
The coal we
use
today started forming
millions
of year ago in
swamps
Limestone
- created from the shells and skeletons ofocean organisms http://www.geology.pitt.edu/PAgeo/coal.html Can you see the plant remains?Slide15
Limestone formationSlide16
Metamorphic RocksSlide17
8. Metamorphic Rocks
Heat
and
pressure
change rocks
The original rock is called the
parent rock
The new rock formed is called the
metamorphic rock
Heat and pressure
change the structure of the parent rock and their minerals recrystallizeSlide18
9. Examples of Metamorphic Rocks
Metamorphic Rock =
Slate
Parent Rock=
Shale
Increase Temp. & PressureSlide19
Examples of Metamorphic Rocks
Metamorphic
Rock =
Marble
Parent Rock =
Limestone
Increase Temp. & PressureSlide20
Examples of Metamorphic Rocks
Metamorphic Rock =
Phyllite
Parent Rock =
Mica
Increase Temp. & PressureSlide21
10. When a rock forms does it stay that way forever?
NO
!!!!!!
Rocks are always
changing
by processes like:
Weathering -Melting
Erosion -Cooling
Compaction -CementationSlide22
11. Rock Cycle Slide23
Rock Cycle animationSlide24