Have eating disorders increased since social media became prevalent Has young womens well being decreased since social media became prevalent Sub Topic Eating disorders have been directly related to social media increasing especially with the new ideal body images ID: 550565
Download Presentation The PPT/PDF document "Main Topic" is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to download and print the materials on this web site for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this agreement.
Slide1
Main Topic
Have eating disorders increased since social media became prevalent? Has young women's well being decreased since social media became prevalent?Slide2
Sub Topic
Eating disorders have been directly related to social media increasing, especially with the new “ideal body” images. Slide3
Source 1: Relation of Media Exposure to Eating Disorder Symptomatology: An Examination of Mediating Mechanisms.
Authors: Eric Stice, Erika Schupak-Neuberg, & Richard I. Stein
Authors Credentials:
Eric Stice:
PHd senior research scientist at Oregon research institute, has conducted 10 prospective studies investigating risk factors for future increases in eating pathology, body mass, and depression.Erika Schupak- Neuberg: PHD in Clinical Psychologist BusinessRichard I. Stein: Research Assistant Professor of Medicine Internal Medicine Sources Bias: this source has no apparent bias to it, just straight facts backed up by evidence.
“The sociocultural influences thought to contribute to eating disorders include the thin ideal body image espoused for women, the centrality of appearance in the female gender role, and the importance of appearance of women’s societal success”
Proves that one of the strongest messengers of these body image negative pressures is mass media, social media.
Confirms the apparent increase in eating disorders over the past few decades since social media became apparent.
“Body dissatisfaction in turn was expected to lead to eating pathology; the more dissatisfied a women is with her body, the more likely she will engage in drastic means to lose weight. Research found strong associations between body dissatisfaction and eating disorders.”
This source allows me to argue that social media; mass media is one of the most influential causes of eating disorders in women.Slide4
Source
3:
Concurrent and Prospective Analyses of Peer, Television and Social Media Influences on Body Dissatisfaction, Eating Disorder Symptoms and Life Satisfaction in Adolescent Girls.
Authors:
Christopher J. Ferguson: an American psychologist who serves as a professor and co-chair of psychology at stetson university of Florida. Monica E. Munoz: Associate Professor of Psychology, went to Texas Tech UniversityAdolfo garza: Department of psychology and communication, Texas A&M International University, Laredo, USAMariza Galindo: Department of psychology and communication, texas a&m international university, laredo
usa.
Source bias: this source has no bias, straight facts with evidence to back it up.
“increased
incidence of eating
disorders
across the early and mid-twentieth century seem to coincide with trends in the media toward emphasizing thinness in
women”
Both
males and females tend to view the pursuit of beauty as important for
females. This
primary importance attributed to female beauty can contribute to relatively higher body dissatisfaction levels among women
“experiments
with
adolescent
girls demonstrated significant relationships between media ideals and body
dissatisfaction”
The current study concerns itself with the question of whether media variables involving television or social media use will predict body dissatisfaction or eating dis- order symptoms beyond the predictive influence of peers.
This source allows me to argue that social media has demonstrated a big influence on body dissatisfaction and eating disorders. Slide5
Source 2:
Concurrent and Prospective Analyses of Peer, Television and Social Media Influences on Body Dissatisfaction, Eating Disorder Symptoms and Life Satisfaction in Adolescent Girls.
Authors:
Christopher
J. Ferguson: an American psychologist who serves as a professor and co-chair of psychology at stetson university of Florida. Monica E. Munoz: Associate Professor of Psychology, went to Texas Tech UniversityAdolfo garza: Department of psychology and communication, Texas A&M International University, Laredo, USAMariza Galindo: Department of psychology and communication, texas
a&m international university,
laredo
usa
.
Source bias: this source has no bias, straight facts with evidence to back it up.
Social media use was found to contribute to later peer competition suggesting potential body related outcomes.
“Peer competition proved to be a strong predictor of negative outcomes both currently and prospectively.”
“it is concluded that the negative influences of social comparison are focused on peers rather than television or social media exposure.”
“it is believed and periodically proven that media influences on body dissatisfaction may extend to eating disorder symptoms, possibly explaining increases in eating disorders such as bulimia nervosa”
This source allows me to argue that social media can be the apparent cause of the negative influences of social comparisons of body image which lowers self esteem and can be the cause of eating disorders.Slide6
Sub Topic
Women’s self esteem has been decreasing as soon as social media became prevalent with body image and the ideal body and “goals”.Slide7
Source 4: Body image dissatisfaction: gender differences in eating attitudes, self esteem, and reasons for exercise
Authors & Authors Credentials:
-Roberto
Olivardia
is a clinical psychologist and clinical instructor of psychology at harvard medicalschool.-Harrison G. Pope is an american professor and physician, currently professor of psychiatry at harvard medical school and an attending physician at clean hospital -Geoffery H. Cohane
is a psychologist a clinical one who specializes in the treatment of anxiety, depression, and low self
esteem
Source bias: this source has limited bias, but it
doesn
’t have much because its based in a study conducted with adolescents.
“Only
girls associated body dissatisfaction with the concept of self-esteem. Male self-esteem was not affected by body dissatisfaction. Specific reasons for exercise were found to correlate with low self-esteem and disordered eating, regardless of sex. The results are discussed in relation to burgeoning published research in this area
.”
“Boys were as likely to want to be heavier as lighter, whereas very few girls desired to be heavier” according to a large amount of adolescents who participated in completing a questionnaire which was based on the subject of attitudes while eating, self esteem, and reasons for exercise.
“many
eating disorders appear to start soon after puberty and persist through secondary school
years”
“
Dissatisfaction with one's body image is often seen as a correlate of eating disorders. This has been demonstrated by the high prevalence of eating disorders in groups in which there is an increased emphasis on maintaining a thin, "ideal"
body”
“
This difference between the desire for a shape change in men, as opposed to weight loss through dieting in women, may be a function of the different male and female ideals. The male ideal is a V-shaped figure with an emphasis placed on large biceps, chest, and shoulders, whereas the female ideal is to be extremely thin, with the emphasis placed on slim hips, bottom, and thighs. Men's desire for weight gain would fit with the desire to achieve the male ideal V-shaped figure and to gain additional
muscle.”
This source allows me to argue that low self esteem about ones weight and appearance can stem from other opinions and what they see on social media about what the ideal body is, male or female. Slide8
Source 8: How do “body perfect” ideals in the media have a negative impact on body image and behaviors? Factors and processes related to self and identity
Author Credentials: Helga Dittmar works at the university of Sussex, she's a senior lecturer, reader in psychology, has a 2002 teaching award, and program director MS. Applied social psychology.
Source Bias: this source has no bias, its all straight facts backed up by experimental evidence as proof
Body image has emerged as a core aspect of mental and physical well-being
.“informed by sociocultural theory, a rapidly growing body of research addresses the question of whether body perfect ideals in the mass media are a core risk factor for negative body image, particularly in women. This work has moved beyond assessments of whether or not negative exposure effects occur so that significant progress has been made toward identifying diverse factors that make individuals more or less vulnerable to body perfect ideals in the media.”“This special issue examines and extends this work in various ways. It offers a critical analysis of the evidence base for a causal link between media and body image. It presents new findings which support a qualified and complex picture of media effects or influences, highlighting the importance not only of individual differences, but also psychological processes, related to self and identity.”This source allows me to argue my main point in how many negative effects social media has influenced upon women and how rapidly too.Slide9
Sub Topic
Does social media affect men the same way? How deeply are men affected?
They are equally affected as women are.Slide10
Source 5: Biceps and body image: the relationship between muscularity and self esteem, depression and eating disorder symptoms.
Authors & Authors Credentials:
-Adrian
Furnham
is a psychologist and management expert and professor of psychology at university -Nicola Badmin is an author in the department go psychology and she went to the university college of london -ian sneade is in the department of psychology and an author. Source Bias: this source has limited bias about men but overall its all factual because its based on a study conducted to prove points.
“men
chose an ideal body with a mean of about 25 pounds more muscle than their actual level of
muscularity
and about 8 pounds less body fat than their actual levels of fat. This difference between men’s body reality and body ideal is consistent with the findings of earlier
studies”Men want the ideal body because that’
s the ideal body and because they think that that
’
s the body that females want to see and that
’
s the body they go for.
This study is about men, it examined body image and associated psychological traits of 154 men in college
“American college men would exhibit substantial levels of body dissatisfaction”
This source allows me to argue my sub topic question about how social media effects men in the same way it effects women and what the differences are and what exactly it effects.Slide11
Sub Topic
These ideal body images and how often they are presented in social media can have a significant effect on mental state, psychologically. Slide12
Source 6: A critical review of evidence for a casual link between media, negative body image, and disordered eating in females
Authors & Authors Credentials: Michael Levine: Professor of Kenyon university with expertise in personal psych, media psych, and abnormal psych. Sarah Murnen: She is a social psychologist who studies gender related issues from a feminist, socio cultural perspective.
Source Bias: this source has no apparent bias, the article is obtained from the journal of social and clinical psychology.
“Although
media effects clearly meet a majority of the criteria, this analysis indicates that, currently, engagement with mass media is probably best considered a variable risk factor that might well be later shown to be a causal risk factor.”This article goes into depth about the research that had been conducted relating to mass media as a causal risk factor for negative body image and females with eating disorders.This article allows me to argue that mass media/social media is what puts lots of females at risk for psychological issues and body issues and it shows its proof within the experiment and analysis conducted. Slide13
Source 7: Women's exposure to thin and beautiful media images: body image effects of media ideal internalization and impact reduction interventions.
Authors& Authors Credentials: Thomas Cash: department of psychology in old dominion university, corresponding author. Susan Melnyk: department of psychology in old dominion university.
Source Bias: This source has minimum bias because it about how to address these issues but it has evidence to back up the research.
“
Exposure to media images of thin-and-beautiful women negatively affects the body image and mood states of young women.”“the present experimental investigation with 123 young college women evaluated the moderating effects of the extent of internalization of media ideals. It also examined the preventative impact of two brief interventions. Results indicated that relative to a control group, the exposure to thin-and-beautiful media images adversely influenced the state body image of participants with high internalization levels.”“Media literacy interventions involving critical analyses of contents of the media messages have been advocated to prevent internalization and social comparison processes (Levine & Piran, 2004).”This source allows me to argue how to address the issues that social media and mass media are causing young and old women with their health issues/ mental health issues. Slide14
Source Logs
Stice, E., Neuberg, E. S., Shaw, H. E., & Stein, R. I. (1994, May 11). Relation of Media Exposure to Eating Disorder Symptomatology: An Examination of Mediating Mechanisms. Retrieved February 20, 2017, from
http://web4.uwindsor.ca/users/j/jarry/main.nsf/032ecd0df8f83bdf8525699900571a93/aa9ed943e56182bf85256abe005bc3f6/$file/stice%20et%20al%20(1994).pdf
Women's exposure to thin-and-beautiful media images: body image effects of media-ideal internalization and impact-reduction interventions. (
n.d.). Retrieved March 16, 2017, from http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1740144504000737 Furnham, A., Badmin, N., & Sneade
, I. (2002, February 15). Body Image Dissatisfaction: Gender Differences in Eating Attitudes, Self-Esteem, and reasons for Exercise. Retrieved from http://web.b.ebscohost.com
/
ehost
/detail/
detail?sid=3f9e17b5-a8ef-4d7a-90eb-8e0a3cdf9e51%40sessionmgr103&vid=0&hid=124&bdata=JkF1dGhUeXBlPWlwLHVybCxjb29raWUsdWlkJnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZSZzY29wZT1zaXRl#AN=8751900&db=s3h
Concurrent and Prospective Analyses of Peer, Television and Social Media Influences on Body Dissatisfaction, Eating Disorder Symptoms and Life Satisfaction in Adolescent Girls. (
n.d.
). Retrieved February 22, 2017, from
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/S10964-012-9898-9
Olivardia
, R., Pope, H.,
Borowiecki
, J., &
Cohane
, G. (2003, October 22). Biceps and Body Image: The Relationship Between Muscularity and Self-Esteem, Depression, and Eating Disorder Symptoms. Retrieved from http://
psycnet.apa.org
/journals/men/5/2/112.pdf
Levine, M., & Murnen, S. (
n.d.
). A CRITICAL REVIEW OF EVIDENCE FOR A CAUSAL LINK BETWEEN MEDIA, NEGATIVE BODY IMAGE, AND DISORDERED EATING IN FEMALES. Retrieved from http://
web.b.ebscohost.com
/
ehost
/detail/
detail?sid
=faeb5685-69e6-4f23-bc35-efd2381ba378%40sessionmgr101&vid=0&hid=124&bdata=JkF1dGhUeXBlPWlwLHVybCxjb29raWUsdWlkJnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZSZzY29wZT1zaXRl#AN=36604147&db=
pbh
Dittmar, H. (2017). HOW DO "BODY PERFECT" IDEALS IN THE MEDIA HAVE A NEGATIVE IMPACT ON BODY IMAGE AND BEHAVIORS? FACTORS AND PROCESSES RELATED TO SELF AND IDENTITY. Retrieved from http://
web.a.ebscohost.com
/
ehost
/detail/
detail?sid
=38cab323-82a0-426e-ac07-e63bb37a7dbb%40sessionmgr4008&vid=0&hid=4212&bdata=JkF1dGhUeXBlPWlwLHVybCxjb29raWUsdWlkJnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZSZzY29wZT1zaXRl#AN=36604149&db=
pbh
Ferguson, C. J., Munoz, M. E., Garza, A., & Galindo, M. (2012, December 18). Concurrent and Prospective Analyses of Peer, Television and Social Media Influences on Body Dissatisfaction, Eating Disorder Symptoms and Life Satisfaction in Adolescent Girls. Retrieved February 20, 2017, from
http://christopherjferguson.com/BodyImageProspective.pdf