for sustainable results Why and how A focus on prevention Stunting prevalence Stunting affects approximately onethird of underfives in the developing world Source UNICEF Global Database Nov 2009 ID: 623621
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Scaling up Nutritionfor sustainable results
Why and how.A focus on preventionSlide2Slide3
Stunting prevalence Stunting affects approximately one-third of under-fives in the developing world
Source: UNICEF Global Database, Nov 2009
Compiled from MICS, DHS and other national surveysSlide4
UNICEF
4
(UN
Lancet 2008: Causal pathways
in
undernutrition
, UNICEF 1991Slide5
Impact of undernutrition during pregnancy and early childhoodIncreased risk of dying from infectious diseases (one-third of child deaths) Stunting is associated with reduced school performance equivalent to 2-3 yrs of schoolingStunting associated with reduced income earning capacity (22% average; up to 45% has been reported!)
Increased risk of non-communicable diseases in adult lifeStunted girl is more likely to give birth to undernourished babyReduced GMP by 2-3%About 20 million children suffer from severe acute malnutrition which greatly increases risk of deathSlide6
Nutrition interventions in the life cycle needed to reduce stunting and wasting and their coverage rates
Pregnancy
Iron & folic acid supplements
Multi micronutrient supplementation
Iodized salt
Food supplements
-
-
71%
-
Birth
Initiation of breastfeeding within 1 hr (Colostrum)
43%
0-6 months
Exclusive breastfeeding
Implementation of the Code on marketing of formula
37%
100 countries
6-24 months
Introduction of complementary feedingContinued Breastfeeding up to 1 yrMulti micronutrient supplementationVitamin A supplementation (& de-worming)Zinc supplementationTreatment of severe malnutritionTreatment of moderate malnutrition60%75%20 countries66%-<10%*-24-60 monthsVitamin A supplementation (& de-worming)Treatment of severe malnutritionTreatment of moderate malnutritionSocial safety net programmes66%<10%*--
Developing country
data based on SOWC
2012;
* based on estimationSlide7
24 countries with increases in exclusive breastfeeding > 20 percentage points
Source: UNICEF database 2011.
The baseline is defined as between circa 1998 (1995-2001) and circa 2008 (2005-2011)
7Slide8
Status of complementary feeding
Selected countries with data on “minimum acceptable diet” (breastfed children 6-23 m), and “introduction of complementary foods” (6-8m old, BF & non BF children)
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Programme Success FactorsSituation analysis: The starting point for good programme designPolitical commitment and partnership
: Strong and clear government ownership, leadership and commitment are required Evidence based policies and linkages with other sectors: the essential nutrition package needs to be implemented with key interventions from other sectors (WASH, HIV, etc)Food security.
Capacity-building: is required at all levelsCommunication for behavioral change:
essential and often lacking Community based programmmes: essential and often inappropriately done or not done at allCorporate social responsibility: Should increase availability of appropriate and affordable products (e.g. high-quality complementary foods, micronutrient-fortified staple foods, etc)Resources: Adequate financial investment is required.