on Glass A Handson Investigation of Transparent Conductive Electrodes Silver Nanogrid Nanowire Importance httpswwwyoutubecomwatchvUvzDBaXo2z8 The next generation of optoelectronic devices requires transparent conductive electrodes to be lightweight flexible cheap and compatibl ID: 830451
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Slide1
Printing Silver Nanogrids on Glass: A Hands-on Investigation of Transparent Conductive Electrodes
Slide2Silver Nanogrid/Nanowire Importance
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UvzDBaXo2z8
The next generation of optoelectronic devices requires transparent conductive electrodes to be lightweight, flexible, cheap, and compatible with large scale manufacturing methods.
Kumar, A,. Zhou, C.; The Race to Replace Tin-Doped Indium Oxide: Which Material Will Win? ACS Nano, 4, 11-14.
Slide3Silver Nanowire Synthesis
Korte, K.
Rapid Synthesis of Silver Nanowires
. 2007 NNIN REU Program, Seattle, WA,
2007
; 28-29.
Polyol Method: Silver nitrate is reduced by ethylene glycol in the presence of poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) and copper(II) chloride. PVP acts as a stabilizing agent, while the copper chloride likely controls the rate of silver reduction and initial seed formation.
Slide4Silver Nanowire Synthesis
Bentley, A. K.;
Farhoud
, A. B.; Ellis, A. B.;
Lisensky
, G. C.; Crone, W. C. J. Template Synthesis and Magnetic Manipulation of Nickel Nanowires.
J. Chem. Educ. 2005
, 82, 765-767.
Template-Assisted Nanowire Synthesis
Slide51. To provide a simple and low-cost experiment that allows introductory nanotechnology students to become familiar with micro- and nanofabrication (direct-printing methods) with real-world relevance.
3. To introduce students to template modification.2. To provide students with opportunities to use various characterization techniques.
Objectives
Slide6Microcontact-Printing of PVP GridENGR 1050: Introduction to NanotechnologyBright-Field Microscopy
MSE 1820: Fundamentals of Microscopy
Conductive AFM
MSE 2320: Introduction to Scanning Probe Microscopy
Associated Labs
Slide7Publication
Sanders. W. C.; Fabrication of
Polyvinylpyrrolidone
Micro-/Nanostructures Utilizing Microcontact Printing.
J. Chem. Ed. 2015, 92, 1908-1912.
Slide8Publication
Sanders. W. C., Valcarce, R., Iles, P., Smith, J. S.; Glass, G., Gomez, J., Johnson, G., Johnston, D., Morham, M.,
Beefus
, E., Oz, A.,
Tomaraei, M.; Printing Silver Nanogrids on Glass. J. Chem. Ed. 2017, 94, 758-763.
Slide9“Soft” organic materials are used to transfer patterns to substrates.
Conformal contact: Stamp is elastic enough to conform to the substrate.
Soft Lithography
Slide1010 g of silicone elastomer
0.9 g of curing agent
Mix for one minute
Preparing PDMS Stamps
Slide11Microcontact Printing Master
AFM image of compact disk.
Slide121. Cut a CD square
2. Remove labels
3. Place CD in a shallow dish
4. Pour PDMS over CD*
5. Remove stamp from dish
*PDMS is cured on a hot plate for 15-20 minutes
Preparing PDMS Stamps
Slide13Binder in many pharmaceutical tablets.
Adhesive in
glue and hot-melt sticks.
Used to increase the solubility of drugs in liquid and semi-liquid forms.
Found in personal care products (shampoos, toothpastes) and paints.Polyvinylpyrrolidone
Slide14PVP/Silver Ion Interactions
M
+
M
+
M
+
PVP has a strong tendency for complex formation with small molecules and readily interacts with metal cations in solution.
Khan, M. S.; Gul, K.; Rehman, N. U. Interaction of
Polyvinylpyrrolidone
with Metal Chloride Aqueous Solutions.
Chin. J.
Polym
. Sci.
2004
,
22
, 581-584.
Slide15Challenge 1: PDMS/Solution InteractionPVP is soluble in water and various alcohols.
Water on PDMS
Alcohol on PDMS
Slide16Challenge 2: Humidity
Small amounts of water can result in the formation of beaded PVP structures.
Yuya
, N.; Kai, W.; Kim, B. S.; Kim, I. S. Morphology Controlled
Electrospun Poly(vinylpyrrolidone) Fibers: Effects of Organic Solid and Relative Humidity. J. Mat. Sci. Eng. with Adv. Tech., 2010, 2, 97-112.
Slide17Challenge 2: HumidityThe presence of water can also result in the formation of PVP films.
Yuya
, N.; Kai, W.; Kim, B. S.; Kim, I. S. Morphology Controlled
Electrospun
Poly(vinylpyrrolidone) Fibers: Effects of Organic Solid and Relative Humidity. J. Mat. Sci. Eng. with Adv. Tech., 2010, 2, 97-112.
Slide18Small traces of water on the surface of stamps and substrates is removed by heating with a hot plate for approximately 10 minutes prior to the experiment.
Challenge 2: Humidity
Slide19Procedure:Spin Coat PVP
Slide20Procedure:Microcontact-Printing
Slide21Procedure:Microcontact-Printing
Slide22Procedure:Microcontact-Printing
Slide23Procedure:Sputter Coating with Copper
Comparison of cross-sectional data for a PVP grid with no copper layer, and for the same PVP grid after addition of the copper layer suggests the thickness of the copper layer is approximately 5 nanometers thick.
Sanders. W. C., Valcarce, R., Iles, P., Smith, J. S.; Glass, G., Gomez, J., Johnson, G., Johnston, D., Morham, M.,
Beefus
, E., Oz, A.,
Tomaraei, M.; Printing Silver Nanogrids on Glass. J. Chem. Ed.
2017, 94, 758-763.
Slide24Procedures:Metallization
4 Ag
+
(
aq)+ C
6H
5O7
Na3(
aq
)
+ 2 H
2
O
(l)
→ 4 Ag
0
(s)
+ C
6
H
5
O
7
H
3(
aq
)
+ 3 Na
+
(
aq
)
+ H
+
(
aq
)
+ O
2(g)
Ratyakshi
; Chauhan, R. P. Colloidal Synthesis of Silver Nano Particles.
Asian J. Chem
.
2009
,
21
, S113
-
116.
Slide25Silver Grid on Glass
Slide26Optical Images
Optical microscope image of PVP grid (40x objective)
Slide27Optical Images
Optical microscope image of silver grid (40x objective)
Slide28AFM Data:Physical Dimensions
Atomic force microscope images of copper-coated PVP grid before the reaction with silver nitrate/sodium citrate solution (a) and after the reaction (b). A cross-sectional profile of both AFM scans (c).
Sanders. W. C., Valcarce, R., Iles, P., Smith, J. S.; Glass, G., Gomez, J., Johnson, G., Johnston, D., Morham, M.,
Beefus
, E., Oz, A.,
Tomaraei
, M.; Printing Silver Nanogrids
on Glass. J. Chem. Ed. 2017, 94
, 758-763.
Slide29SEM Data
EDS scan on and off the silver
nanogrid
pattern (a). EDS spectra of both scans (b).
Sanders. W. C., Valcarce, R., Iles, P., Smith, J. S.; Glass, G., Gomez, J., Johnson, G., Johnston, D., Morham, M.,
Beefus, E., Oz, A., Tomaraei
, M.; Printing Silver Nanogrids on Glass. J. Chem. Ed. 2017
, 94, 758-763.
Slide30SEM Data
Sanders. W. C., Valcarce, R., Iles, P., Smith, J. S.; Glass, G., Gomez, J., Johnson, G., Johnston, D., Morham, M.,
Beefus
, E., Oz, A.,
Tomaraei, M.; Printing Silver Nanogrids on Glass.
J. Chem. Ed. 2017, 94
, 758-763.
Slide31Conductivity
Sanders. W. C., Valcarce, R., Iles, P., Smith, J. S.; Glass, G., Gomez, J., Johnson, G., Johnston, D., Morham, M.,
Beefus
, E., Oz, A.,
Tomaraei, M.; Printing Silver Nanogrids on Glass. J. Chem. Ed. 2017, 94, 758-763.
Slide32AcknowledgementsSLCC Chemistry DepartmentSLCC Engineering Department
Dr. Peter IlesRon ValcarceDr. James SmithJoven Calara
Gabe Glass
Jesus Gomez
Glen JohnsonAimee OzMaclaine MorhamMohammad TomareiAubrey LinesMyles Van WeerdJohn MeyersDavies Young
Cristofer PageKyle SalisburyDan JohnstonElliot Befus