Computer Memory Data Presentation - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

Computer

Memory

Data Presentation

Data are represented in the computer memory in bits. That is 0s and 1s.

8bits make up a byte.

Data entered into the computer have to be converted into the machine readable form.

In a better

way of handling complex types of data ( long streams of binary digits). Higher number systems are used in computing to reduce the streams of binary into manageable form, thus helps to improve the processing speed and optimize

memory usage. The types of number presentation are:

Decimal Number system

Binary Number system

Octal Number

system

Hexadecimal Number system

Computer Memory

Memory is

the storage

part in computer. It is store the data, information, programs during processing in computer. It stores data either temporarily or permanent basis. Memory used to important role in saving and retrieving

data they are grouped into two parts

Primary memory.

Secondary memory.

Primary

Memory

Primary

memory is the only type of memory which is directly accessed by the

processor.

The

processor continuously

reads instructions stored in the primary memory and executes them. Any data that has to be operated by the

processor

is also stored. The information is transferred to various locations through the

BUS (connections).

Primary memories are of two types. They are

:

Random Access Memory (RAM)

Read Only Memory (ROM)

Random Access Memory (RAM)

RAM

:

 It stands for Random Access Memory. Here data can be stored temporarily, so this type of memory is called as temporary

memory

or volatile memory because when power fails the data from RAM will be erased. The information stored in the RAM is basically loaded from the computer’s disk and includes information related to the operating system and applications that are currently executed by the

processor.it is also called main memory

RAM is considered random access because any memory cell can be directly accessed if its address is known. RAM is of distinct types like

SRAM and DRAM

Static RAM- Static RAM also known as SRAM ,retain stored information as long as the power supply is ON. SRAM are of higher

cost

and consume more power .They have higher speed than Dynamic RAM

Dynamic

RAM– Dynamic RAM also known as DRAM, its stored information in a very short time (a few milliseconds) even though the power supply is ON. The Dynamic RAM are cheaper and moderate speed and also they consume less power.

Images of the Random Access Memory

Read Only Memory (ROM)

ROM

It stands for Read Only  Memory

. ROM

is a Permanent Type memory. Its content are not lost when power supply is switched off. Content of ROM is decided by the computer manufacturer and permanently stored at the time of manufacturing. ROM cannot be overwritten by the computer. It is also called 

“Non-Volatile Memory

”.

ROMs

are of distinct types:

PROM – Programmable Read Only Memory

EPROM – Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory

EEPROM – Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory

I

mages of the

R

ead

O

nly Memory

Cache

Memory

Cache memory is a small-sized type of volatile computer memory that provides high-speed data access to a processor and stores frequently used computer programs, applications and data. It is the fastest memory in a computer, and is typically integrated onto the motherboard and directly embedded in the processor or main random access memory (RAM

).

Flash M

emory

Flash memory, also known as flash storage, is a type of nonvolatile memory that erases data in units called blocks. A block stored on a flash memory chip must be erased before data can be written or programmed to the microchip. Flash memory retains data for an extended period of time, regardless of whether a flash-equipped device is powered on or off.

CMOS

Alternatively referred to as a 

Real-Time Clock (RTC), Non-Volatile RAM (NVRAM)

 or 

CMOS RAM

, 

CMOS

 is short for 

Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor

. CMOS is an on-board, battery powered semiconductor chip inside computers that stores information. This information ranges from the system time and date to system hardware settings for your computer. 

Memory

Card

A

m

emory

card is a type of storage media that is often used to store photos, videos, or other data in electronic devices. Devices that commonly use a memory card include digital cameras, digital camcorders, handheld computers, MP3 players, PDAs, cell phones, game consoles, and printers.