PPT-Evolution as Genetic Change

162 Evolution as Genetic Change Natural selection can affect phenotypes in a population in 3 ways Directional Selection Stabilizing Selection Disruptive Selection Directional Selection. Basic Forces (what is needed for an evolvable system). Evolution – Basic Forces. Self-replication - reproduction. Heritability - a system by which characteristics can be passed from one generation to the next (here on Earth, DNA is that system). . Evolution can only occur when there is a change in the gene frequency within a population. . Gene . frequency is a term from the genetics unit and refers to the occurrence of a gene or allele within a population. . Which one?. There are 3 great universal questions. 1) Where did I come from?. 2) Why am I here?. 3) Where am I going?. The answer to the last 2 questions are dependent upon the answer to the first question. . John Woodward and . Ruibin. . Bai. My interest…. We would not attempt to try to write computer programs without the constructs of. R. eusable. . functions (in GP terminology . ADFs. ),. Iteration. (Processes + Patterns of Evolution). Evolutionary Change via Selection . . Types of selective pressures may result from: . i.e. climate conditions, food availability, predators, and choice of mate etc.. A mechanism for change in populations.. Any change in the . inherited . traits within a population across generations. Individuals better adapted to their environment tend to survive and . produce more offspring. Recent Evolution in Humans. Evolution is very much still happening today — and it's happening to us.. Right here, right now.. Our genes constantly change over time thanks to the power of selection.. Module 14 . The . Biodiversity of Earth. After reading this module you should be able to. understand . how we estimate the number of species living on Earth.. quantify . biodiversity.. describe . patterns of relatedness among species using a . Change in . allele frequencies . in a population over generations. Microevolution. Speciation. = origin of species. Microevolution. : changes . in allele frequencies within . a single gene pool. Macroevolution. …. . 4 exams. 1. st. : Chapters 20, 21, 25, 26, . 5. 8. 2. nd. : Chapters 27. , . 28, 29, 33, 37. 3. rd. : Chapters 30, 31, 32, 39. Final: Chapters 41, 44, 45, 46, 47, 49, 50. Grading system. 100-90…..A. Origins of Life on Earth. 4.7-4.8 Billion Year History. Evidence from chemical analysis and measurements of radioactive elements in primitive rocks and fossils. . Life developed over two main phases:. . The process by which organism change over time. Based on science, not opinion.. Darwin. :. Evolution is descent with modification. Evolution. :. changes through time. Species accumulate difference. John Woodward and . Ruibin. . Bai. My interest…. We would not attempt to try to write computer programs without the constructs of. R. eusable. . functions (in GP terminology . ADFs. ),. Iteration. Topics covered here:. Evolution. Classification. Natural Selection is a major mechanism of evolution. According . to Darwin’s theory of natural selection, competition for . limited resources . results in differential survival. Individuals with more .