Take a notes sheet from the front table Get out your warmup sheet amp answer the following What is the complementary strand for the below DNA strand ACTGCACCTGAGCGTATTGAC TGACGTGGACTCGCATAACTG ID: 474040
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Slide1
Friday 11/14/2014
Take a notes sheet from the front table. Get out your warm-up sheet & answer the following:
What is the complementary strand for the below DNA strand?
ACTGCACCTGAGCGTATTGAC
TGACGTGGACTCGCATAACTGSlide2
Blast from the Past…
1. Who makes proteins in the cell?
2. What are proteins made of?Slide3
Protein SynthesisSlide4
DNA vs.RNA
Double-stranded
Deoxyribose
A,G, C, T
Single stranded
Ribose
A, G, C, USlide5
DNA vs.RNASlide6
NucleusThe office
The Boss never leavesSlide7
DNA – The BossSlide8
mRNA – Ms. ReneSecretary
She’s a foreigner
In her language Uhere is no “T”Slide9
Protein Synthesis
Protein synthesis is the making of
proteins
, using the information that is found in
DNA
.
Proteins are long chains of small molecules called
amino acids
. Different proteins are made by using a different sequence of amino acids. Pieces of information in DNA are called genes.
geneSlide10
From HHMI’s Biointeractive: DNA Animations/Transcription (basic)
http://www.hhmi.org/biointeractive/dna/DNAi_transcription_vo1.htmlSlide11
Transcription:
means
write across
Protein synthesis begins with the
DNA
molecule. The DNA of this gene will
unzip
like it does in replication. *The enzyme that separates the DNA strand at a specific gene is helicase.In protein synthesis, only one strand of the DNA will be used.Slide12
Transcription
A single strand of
mRNA
forms and
transcribes
(copies) the genetic information from the DNA. This strand of RNA is called
messenger RNA
or mRNA. *The enzyme that connects and assembles the ribonucleotides is called RNA polymeraseThe DNA “zips” closed and remains in the nucleus.The mRNA will leave the nucleus and travel to a ribosome.Slide13
RNA which stands for
RIBONUCLEIC ACID
is
single
stranded,
contains a
ribose
sugar, and has Uracil instead of Thymine.
FYI
FYIFYIFYISlide14
Comparing RNA and DNA
Image courtesy of Wikimedia CommonsSlide15
T
A
G
T
C
A
T
C
A
G
G
5’
3’
5’
3’
A
T
C
A
G
T
A
G
T
C
C
5’
3’
G
T
C
A
U
A
A
A
A
A
A
T
T
T
T
T
C
C
C
C
C
G
G
G
G
G
G
U
U
U
U
3’
5’
DNA Helicase
Touch the helicase!Slide16
T
A
G
T
C
A
T
C
A
G
G
5’
3’
5’
3’
A
T
C
A
G
T
A
G
T
C
C
5’
3’
G
T
C
A
U
A
A
A
A
A
A
T
T
T
T
T
C
C
C
C
C
G
G
G
G
G
G
U
U
U
U
3’
5’
Assemble your mRNA strand!!
Hit Me
when
done!Slide17
T
A
G
T
C
A
T
C
A
G
G
5’
3’
5’
3’
A
T
C
A
G
T
A
G
T
C
C
5’
3’
G
T
C
A
U
A
A
A
A
A
A
T
T
T
T
T
C
C
C
C
C
G
G
G
G
G
G
U
U
U
U
3’
5’
RNA
polymerase
U
C
C
C
A
A
A
G
G
U
USlide18
T
A
G
T
C
A
T
C
A
G
G
5’
3’
5’
3’
A
T
C
A
G
T
A
G
T
C
C
5’
3’
A
A
A
U
U
C
C
G
G
U
C
3’
5’Slide19
Quick Review!Slide20
Where does TRNASCRIPTION take place?Slide21
NucleusThe office
The Boss never leavesSlide22
Where do we get the information to make different types of proteins?Slide23
DNA – The BossSlide24
Who delivers the message to the workers?Slide25
mRNA – Ms. ReneSecretary
She’s a foreigner
In her language Uhere is no “T”Slide26
Quick Quiz
What is the name of the enzyme that unwinds DNA?
What is the process where a secret message goes ACROSS the nuclear membrane?
What carries the sequence from the DNA out of the nucleus?
How many strands are copied on the original DNA molecule?
What happens to the DNA once the messenger detaches?
?
?
??
?Slide27
TCCGCGCAGAGCTAG
AGGCGCGUCUCGAUC
Transcribe the following DNA strand: