2016 Land management systems as the backbone of economic growth in developing countries a holistic replicable approach based on Romanias story from 2005 to 2025 Speaker Mihnea ID: 743390
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Washington DC, March 18th, 2016
Land management systems as the backbone of economic growth in developing countries
– a holistic replicable approach based on Romania’s story, from 2005 to 2025Speaker: Mihnea Mihailescu, Cadaster & Land Services ManagerAuthors: Răzvan Rădulescu, Diana Irimia, Dan Jantea, Răzvan Simion and Mihnea MihailescuSlide2
IndexWhat is our story on the map
Where did we start 10 years agoWhat do we do
in cadaster and land managementHow we succeeded: demo-use casesWhy is the land administration system the backbone of a modern societySlide3
Where did we start 10 years agoSlide4
Name: National Agency of Cadaster and Real Estate Publicity (NACREP)Birth: 2004, by the merging of National Office of Cadaster, Geodesy and Cartography and Land book department of Ministry of Justice (World Bank program).Main roles:cadastral map administration via surveyor work reception
registration of rights and restrictions in land bookcadastral and land book data dissemination to publicproduction of cartographic materialsTerritorial presence: 42 county offices and 140 local offices approx. 2,500 employees
Collaborators (approx.): 7,400 surveyors1,700 public notaries Who manages cadaster in Romania?Slide5
1st project: pilot implementation of an electronic integrated system for cadaster and land registrationDuration: 2002 – 2006 Target: 7 county offices (out of the total of 42)
Financing: World Bank FinancingHow did we meet in 2005?Slide6
Data
paper-based land registries
heterogeneous file-based spatial data repositoriesno central database Processes driven by local customsunpredictable durationhuge effort dedicated to archive exploration and manual processinguneven quality of the outputPeople
dissatisfied clients (citizens or companies)
stressed employees
poorly informed managers
What have we learned?Slide7
System reengineering (2007-2008) (technological update):centralized architecture (vs. distributed)
migration to Oracle DB v.10/11, ArcGIS v.9.3/10.1 new open format for capturing surveyor-produced data (XML)
New functional modules implemented:systematic cadaster projects reception modulereporting (data warehouse)e-learning HW/SW infrastructure managementNational roll-out between 2008 and 2011 in 35 countiesBilling module additionOnline application registration by surveyor and notariesDigitally-signed e-excerpts / data archiving We kept improving (2007-2014)Slide8
Data
has become an important asset can be extracted online
Processes all cadastral & land registry data updates and legal outputs are performed / produced within the systemare predictable and more efficiently run can be initiated online (application registration) Peoplecitizens and companies have their requests processed faster and more secure employees are more efficient in performing their daily tasks
managers have access to
real-time
aggregated data
Results for our customerSlide9
Methodology for drafting cadastral documentation, reception and land registration
Sale and purchase of agricultural land from the open countryside
Methodology for systematic registrationOn-line electronic application registration by notaries/surveyorsOn-line communication of land book digital signed e-excerpts
Electronic
land
book
Integrated Workflows
A
udited
business rule violations mechanism
On-line
real-time cadastral map updated by
surveyors
Interoperability
Client portal:
M
y
real estate portfolio view
Alerts
& notifications
Working protocols with Public notaries
Methodology of collection and remittance of real estate advertising fees.
2006
2012
2015
2013
2010
Legislation and features milestonesSlide10
A lot of things have changed
1900
20002014Slide11
Land registration evolution in 10 yearsSlide12
Land registration evolution in 10 yearsSlide13
Land registration evolution in 10 yearsSlide14
Land registration evolution in 10 yearsSlide15
Land registration evolution in 10 yearsSlide16
Land registration evolution in 10 yearsSlide17
Land registration evolution in 10 yearsSlide18
Land registration evolution in 10 yearsSlide19
Land registration evolution in 10 yearsSlide20
Land registration evolution in 10 yearsSlide21
Less technology is sometimes more
Technology makes people and organizations develop faster
Flexibility is a must for the IT system of developing organizationsStandardization makes people speak the same language Data is the new gold.Conclusions after 10 yearsSlide22
Statistics after 10 yearsSlide23
Statistics after 10 yearsSlide24
Statistics after 10 yearsSlide25
Overview of the systemWeb Integrated Land Management Application Slide26
Business viewSlide27
Creation of Technical Documentation
Contracting services from Surveyor
Registration of Application
Cadastral map and/or land registry update Confirmation
Technical documentation Reception
Documents Registration in Land book
Notification of Application Result / Proof for register update
Receiving Application Resolution
?
Contracting services from Public Notary
Creation of
Deed
?
Requester
Surveyor / Public Notary
PR Referent
Inspector
Assistant
Registrator
Registrator
Technical Reception Necessary?
YES
NO
Transfer of Application Resolution
Electronic resolution ?
YES
NO
Generic system workflowSlide28
Features:real-time application form registrationon-line payment (integration with payment processor)
on-line application status tracking
input / output documents upload / download Benefits: high accessibility reduced processing costs and timeprocess transparencylower waste of resourcesRegistration and paymentSlide29
Features:real-time online updated map by surveyors various import/export accepted formats (OGC, ESRI)
real-time spatial data validation (topology)
advanced GIS data query from internal and external sourcesinstant access to land registry data (land book)tools for general cadaster project reception Benefits:higher data quality reduced costs and timebetter decisions more visibility and transparency, hence fewer corruption chancesCadasterSlide30
Features:right, restrictions and responsibilities registration (RRR)automated (spatial) restrictions registration (protected areas) – real-time query of spatial data
reservation mechanism for property transfer registration
citizen and company identification in public registries Benefits:more accurate and secure registry management reduced processing costs and timeimproved data qualityLand registrySlide31
Features:property portfolio view (“my properties”)alerts settings (e.g. event = app. form registration for one property)
notifications (e.g. processing status change)
complaint registrations using map for localizationsurveyor and notaries catalog search and rating Q&A section Benefits:easy accessible valuable information for citizen and companiestransparency better public image, public satisfaction, fewer complaintsIncreased staff self estime, better organizational state of mindCitizen online interactionSlide32
Services viewSlide33
ProductsSlide34
Modeling tools for analystsHuman tasks
Long-running processesWorkflow configurations
Business rules Customizable allocation algorithmsKPI’sAudit and management processesBusiness Process ManagementSlide35
Data consistency processesFull versioning over all data catalogs
Real-time validation for textual and spatial dataSpatial data validation across external sources
Federated data exploration over legacy systemsDocument management system for all system documentsIndexing processes for data federationData managementSlide36
Government & AdministrationBusinesses
IntegrationSlide37
Web services for government & administrationWeb services for private businesses and banksStandard format for online/offline data entry based on OGC GMLStandard and non-standard spatial data integration using OGC (WFS, WMS) and proprietary (ESRI) formats. Integration with Administration Registries using web services
IntegrationSlide38
Customizable workflows and business rulesData model based on standard Land Administration Domain Model (LADM) – a model applicable to any land and cadaster system
Development using open standards (any COTS product can be replaced by using open source software and minimal adjustments)
Decoupled architecture (modular components)Full versionable code registriesFlexibilitySlide39
Technical Standards
Business Standards
LADM – oriented data model: Party package Administrative package - Spatial Unit package INSPIRE data themes: Cadastral Parcels Cadastral Zoning Cadastral Boundaries Buildings Universal data model for parties: identification, roles & relations
OGC
standards for spatial data representation & provisioning: GML, WKT, KML
OGC
standards for data services: WFS, WMS
Business Process Management:
BPMN
BPEL
Web Services:
SOAP, WSDL
,
WS-SECURITY
Adherence to standardsSlide40
How we succededDemo use-casesSlide41
Integrated cadaster and land registrySlide42
Federated query of legacy systemsSlide43
BPM controlled workflows:Slide44
Spatial data analysis and map featuresSlide45
Why is a Land Administration Systemthe backbone of a modern societySlide46
“In
SES
, location, place and other spatial information are available to governments, citizens and businesses as a means of organizing their activities and information.”“SDI is a dynamic, hierarchic and multidisciplinary concept that includes people, data, access networks, institutional policy, technical standards and human resource dimensions”“Spatially enabled society” (SES) & Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDI)Slide47
1
Political and Legal Drivers
Good Government needs accurate, easy-accessed, fast-served information for decision-making processes.A well-organized layer of parcel information in a national SDI is needed to provide immediate and accurate information about land based activities.2Environmental Drivers
Climate change scientists predict more severe and more frequent extreme weather events in the coming decades
.
Spatial information, particularly
the cadaster,
will be involved in preparation of environments, response and recovery phases in case of severe scenarios
4
Technological Drivers
Technological solutions :
3D visualization and analysis tools will enable real-time and predictive analysis of phenomena and events;
utility networks, people movements, traffic surges, social interactions and environmental flows will be captured, visualized and analyzed by decision makers in real-time.
cadaster
will continue to be an important component of these analytical systems: real-time accuracy, 3D property interests and interoperability through standardization of the cadastral domain will be essential.
3
Social-Economic Drivers
Massive urbanization will
be the greatest socio-economic trend.
Cadastral information will be needed to govern the new mega-cities.
Globalization will continue to be a significant economic force on most economies that will develop land global markets and need for reliable information.
The cadaster
must reassume the role of securing all interests in land, passed over in the race to build new commodities out of land.
Contemporary drivers for cadasterSlide48
Survey-Accurate Cadasters
Object-Oriented Cadasters
3D/4D Cadasters80s-90s crude digitization of paper-maps resulted in large errorsSub-centimeter accuracy is need for buildingmanagement, utility administration, infrastructure organization, precision farming, some navigation applications and sea-level rise responseThe prolifaration of new property RRRs => shift from parcel to objectsPractical implementation of conceptual models (CCM) will require large
investment and potentially dramatic re-
engineering of existing cadastral systems and processes
Vertical mega-cities planning and management, new
interests, efficient response to emergencies requires
3D/4D modeling and visualization of spatial data.
Legal, policy and technical barriers have been addressed
and solutions have been formulated.
Future cadaster characteristicsSlide49
Real-Time Cadasters
Global
CadastersOrganic CadastersEmergency management, property market management and navigation tools require cadastral information to exhibit real-time updates and access. Technology will further develop to support real-time measurements and effective checking and registration. Marine management solutions may be the starting point. Globalization of economic systems and land markets (through mortgage backed certificates and other complex commodities) requires global systems of management.Interoperable cadastral systems appear to offer a method for integrating and better understanding the relationship between land markets.Many new property interests are designed around natural phenomena, rather than the strict bearings and distances or Cartesian coordinates found in traditional parcels: marine environments exhibit fuzzy and changeable boundaries.Ambient Spatial Intelligence achieved through the use of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) will enable the continuous movement of these boundaries to be
measured
and presented visually in real-time within the cadastral framework.
Future cadaster characteristics (2)Slide50
Impact on other critical systemsSlide51
In Emergency management:
Quicker intervention due to addresses’ accuracy;
Relevant information emergency agencies and first responders offering up to date buildings’ plans: access points, surface details etc.; Overview of affected properties for public utilities agents.In Environmental control:Water cadaster: water management (intakes, evacuations), bridges’ management, which provide quick damage assessment in case of floods; Support for environmental protection regulations;
Delimitation of areas: protected areas, protected waters, habitats etc.
For Agriculture management systems
Cadaster
provides technical, economic and up-to-date data of agricultural land, systematically updated with all the changes taking place in the permanent agricultural land structure.
These elements
of cadaster
agricultural fund are valued in the process of priorities of action for restructuring, modernizing and developing agricultural infrastructure
For Tax systems
The integration between the cadaster and the tax systems is very important, the cadaster system providing the necessary data system of taxes and fees for the correct tax liabilities of taxpayers requested by authorized institutions.
Cadaster as a crucial decision assistant
Impact on other critical systems