Aysen TanyeriAbur Food and Agriculture Organization FAO Subregional Office for North Africa OBJECTIVES Present an overview of m ain challenges to food security in the MENA Med countries ID: 1048325
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1. Food security in the MENA-Mediterranean REGIONAysen Tanyeri-AburFood and Agriculture Organization (FAO)Sub-regional Office for North Africa
2. OBJECTIVESPresent an overview of main challenges to food security in the MENA Med countriesHighlight current concerns and constraints to address food availability and increasing dependence on imports (particularly cerealsList some possible measures to improve food security
3. FOOD SECURITYTHREE MAIN DIMENSIONSAVAILABILITY (supply) ACCESS (consumption)SUITABILITY (nutrition)
4. MAJOR factors affecting food security in the MENA-MED countries IN COMPARISON TO THE REST OF ThE MED Limited availability of land and water resources (availability)High rates of population growth (availability, access) Rapid urbanization due to limited jobs in rural areas (availability, access,nutrition)Limitation of the domestic food systems to respond to demand (availability, nutrition, access)Post Arab Spring challenges (access)
5. High Population growth and INVREASING urbanization in MENAMENA NORTH MED1960201219602012TOTALMillions64,920202,084168,881280,396Urban Population36%56%55%74%
6. Water Resources in the MENA - Only 11% of total renewable water resources of the med total Renewable water resources(m3/pers)1963-19671983-19871998-2002% change from 63-67Total MED385628412735-37.6North MED471538494026-22.5South MED17381032761-63.1
7. AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IN MENAMostly rainfed agriculture causing wide fluctuations in productionMENA produces only 20% of total cereals in the MEDLand area is 70% of total land area of the Mediterranean but in terms of arable land only 30% of arable landLimited past investment in agriculture Low productivity and low capital intensityLow yields
8. Capital Intensity (Capital Stock/worker) in the MED
9. High and growing import dependency – Availability of sufficient food- differences between the MENA and NORTH MED countries
10. Cereal Production and Demand MENA (Med) countriesMillion MT
11. Cereal Production and Demand Northern MedMillion MT
12. Cereal Production and Demand Total Med countries
13. CHALLENGES RELATED TO Cereal Import dependency ratios are 60-70 % and increasingIncerasing fiscal deficitsEconomic crisis in EuropeHigh and volatile prices
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15. Addressing food SECURITYEfforts needed at national, regional and international levelsNational level:Improvements in productivity (inputs, technology, extension)Promoting efficient supply chains (reduce waste, better logistics)Targeted safety nets for the vulnerable populationsBetter management of risks associated with high import dependency (Food reserves, Future contracts)
16. Adressing food security Regional LevelCooperation in policies affecting pricing of common resourcesCooperation in harmonizing trade policiesStrengthening infrastructure in the regionImprove market information systems and coordination of action to respond to world market volatilityInternational Level – counter market volatility new financing mechanisms
17. THANK YOU