PPT-Effect of Rain-Adjusted Satellite Sea Surface Salinity on ENSO Predictions from the GMAO

E Hackert S Akella R Kovach K Nakada A Borovikov A Molod K Drushka and M Jacob Problem Satellite observes the top centimeter of the ocean In rainy conditions the vertical salinity gradient between SSS and first model layer ie where these data are assimilated S. Gebrehiwot. . Niguse. Tesfay. 1. , . Menberu. Bitew. 2. , . Mekonnen. Gebremichael. 2. 1. Ethiopian Institute of Water Resources, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia.. 2. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Connecticut, USA.. in . Near. -Surface Salinity. Kyla Drushka. 1. , . Sarah . Gille. 2. , Janet . Sprintall. 2. . kdrushka. @. apl.uw.edu. 1. Applied . Physics Lab, Univ. of . Washington . 2. Scripps Inst. of Oceanography. of . Salinity. Kyla Drushka. 1. , . Sarah Gille. 2. , Janet Sprintall. 2. . kdrushka@apl.uw.edu. 1. Applied Physics Lab, Univ. of Washington . 2. Scripps Inst. of Oceanography. Aquarius Science Team Meeting. J. Boutin. 1. , N. Martin. 1. , G. Reverdin. 1. ,S. Morisset. 1. , X. Yin. 1. , L. Centurioni. 2 . and N. Reul. 3. . 1. LOCEAN, Sorbone Universités, UPMC/CNRS/IRD/MNHN, Paris, France. 2. SIO, La Jolla, CA, USA. Current . Status and Future . Plans. Yi Chao, Co-Chair. (Jacqueline . Boutin. , Co-Chair). Aquarius Science Meeting. 12 November 2014. Satellite & In Situ Salinity (SISS. ) Working . Group. Established at the SMOS. in . the . southern . Makassar Strait since 1938 C.E. and . its . influence . on. . the . Indonesian . Throughflow. Braddock K. Linsley. , Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, NY, USA [. Ocean . O. bservations . in. Support . of. Sea . S. urface Salinity . P. rocess . S. tudies.  . Gustavo Jorge Goni. Gustavo.Goni@noaa.gov. National Oceanic and Atmospheric . Administration (NOAA), . Debra A. Willey, Rana A. . Fine and Frank . J. Millero. Rosenstiel School, University of . Miami, . 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 . USA. Introduction. The . unprecedented salinity coverage from the Aquarius satellite . The salty sea. Sources of Sea Salt. - Chemical weathering of rock. .. - Outgassing from volcanoes. Salinity. - Measure of salt in water. • Units of salinity is parts per thousand (0/00).. - Examples of Ocean Salinity. J. Boutin. 1. , N. Martin. 1. , G. Reverdin. 1. ,S. Morisset. 1. , X. Yin. 1. , L. Centurioni. 2 . and N. Reul. 3. . 1. LOCEAN, Sorbone Universités, UPMC/CNRS/IRD/MNHN, Paris, France. 2. SIO, La Jolla, CA, USA. Andrea . Santos-Garcia. 1. , . Maria . M. . Jacob. 2. , Linwood Jones. 1. , and William Asher. 3. 1. Central Florida Remote Sensing Lab., University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL. 2. Comisión Nacional de Actividades Espaciales, Argentina. Richard Williams. rwilliam@ND.Edu. https://. www.nd.edu/~rwilliam. /. . University of Notre Dame. Original version presented at the Stata User Group Meetings, Chicago, July 14, 2011. Published . version available at . Richard Williams. rwilliam@ND.Edu. https://. www.nd.edu/~rwilliam. /. . University of Notre Dame. Original version presented at the Stata User Group Meetings, Chicago, July 14, 2011. Published . version available at . Fournier S.. , Bingham F.M., Gonzalez-. Haro. C., Hayashi A., Carlin K.M.U., . Brodnitz. S.K., Gonzalez-. Gambau. V., and . Kuusela. M., 2023. Quantification of Aquarius, SMAP, SMOS and Argo-Based Gridded Sea Surface Salinity Product Sampling Errors. Remote Sensing. https://.