gerund and a gerund phrase used as the object of a preposition Participial Phrases 2 To talk about actions we must give them names We give actions names by adding ing to verbs thus changing the verbs into nouns which we call by the special name of gerunds ID: 755501
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Slide1
Gerund 2
Difference between a
gerund and
a gerund phrase used as the object of a preposition
Participial PhrasesSlide2
2
To talk about actions, we must give them names. We give actions names by adding –
ing
to verbs, thus changing the verbs into nouns which we call by the special name of gerunds.
Could the word “swinging” be either a present participle or a gerund? Yes, to decide whether an
-
ing
word is a present participle or a gerund, we must see how it is used in the sentence. If the
–
ing
word is used as an adjective, it is a present participle. If the
–
ing
word is used as a noun, it is a gerund.
The punctuation is the reason.Slide3
3
Gerund phrase
1.
Reading this book
changed
his entire life.
Subject Verb
Participle phr.
2.
Shivering with cold,
the
dog came
into the house.
S V
Gerund Object of the prep. phr.
3.
Before completing her commercial course
,
Beth was
offered
a good job.
S VSlide4
4
Gerund phrase
Subject Verb
Saving the precious topsoil
is
one of the aims of conservation.
Participle phr.
Subject Verb
2.
Working until midnight,
Judy
finally
completed
her theme.
Gerund Object of the prep. phr
.
Subject Verb
3.
Before completing her commercial course
,
Beth was
offered
a good job.
Gerund phrase
Subject Verb
4.
Waiting in line
can
be
tiresome.
Slide5
5
Flying a plane can be an exciting experience.
Reaching for the sugar Jeff knocked over a glass.
Walking for the first time excited the baby.
Looking for a place to swim we walked along the shore.
After staying out past curfew my parents grounded me.
Breaking new ground in cancer research is a challenge many scientists are trying to meet.
Expecting a strike the company bought a large amount of steel.
Unlocking the mystery of the disease will be a major contribution.
Listening carefully in class helps a student.Slide6
6
Flying a plane
can be
an exciting experience.
Correct
Reaching for the sugar
,
Jeff knocked
over a glass.
Walking for the first time
excited
the baby.
Correct
Looking for a place to swim
,
we walked
along the shore.
After staying out past curfew
,
my parents grounded
me.
Breaking new ground in cancer research
is
a challenge many scientists are trying to meet.
Correct
Expecting a strike
,
the
company bought
a large amount of steel.
Unlocking the mystery of the disease
will be
a major contribution.
Correct
Listening carefully in class
helps
a student.
Correct