Fall 2013 The systematic scientific study of behaviors and mental processes With Ed Wohlmuth The function of education is to teach one to think intensively and to think critically Intelligence plus character that is the goal of true education ID: 651637
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Slide1
Introduction to PsychologyFall 2013
The systematic, scientific study of behaviors and mental processes
With Ed WohlmuthSlide2
The function of education is to teach one to think intensively and to think critically... Intelligence plus character - that is the goal of true education
True Education
-Martin Luther King Jr. (
January 15, 1929 – April 4, 1968)Slide3
Small Group Reflection
What is psychology?What areas of psychology do you know about or have heard of?
How will knowing about psychology help you in…your life?your chosen field?Slide4
(gnothi seauton)
Greek
PhilosophyTemple of Apollo at Delphi
“Know thyself”Slide5
History of PsychologyGreek philosophy- Why begin here? Why not Orient, Sumerian, Egyptian etc.?
Pythagoras- (572-490BC) first person to refer himself as a philosopher.
First civilization that spawned a self critical perspective on one’s own beliefs, conviction and cultural values. Slide6
History of Psychology
Socrates*(470-399BC)- quest to understand human nature (move from Cosmology)Philosophy- love of “wisdom”- things that do no change, immutable, immaterial, transcendent knowledge (relative vs. absolute knowledge)Socratic Questioning- thinking deliberately about their lives: Why do we believe something? Why do we do what we do? Why are things the way they are?
Finding truth was the quest- challenging lazy assumptions (holding shallow, untested, unquestioned beliefs)
* Dialogues of Socrates by PlatoSlide7
History of PsychologySocrates taught that our thinking needed to be “water tight”. He used the analogy of pottery.
Everyone had the responsibility to think for themselves. “The unexamined life is not worth living” -Socrates, in Plato’s Dialogues, Apology.He taught the need to examine closely what we believe.Slide8
History of Psychology
Socrates' five step system of proving something true:Offer a statement/ideaExceptions?
If exceptions, we modify for more preciseness or prove falseNuance (a subtle distinction or variation) statementTruth- difficult to disproveVirtues he studied- serenity, humility, sincerity, veracity (devotion/conformity with truth), equanimity (calm under stress), adaptability, tenacity, integrity, respect, magnanimous (courageous spirit), charity, and more.
The Death of Socrates by Jacques-Louis David (1787)Slide9
History of Psychology
Plato (423-347 BC)- Socrates student- laid the foundation for Philosophy, logic, metaphysics, mathematics and other areas of study.Aristotle- student of Plato- taught Alexander the Great, naturalistic, observational, senses (delight in), perception and study of the animal kingdom(much like modern psychology).
Hippocrates, the father of medicine, lived by the Hippocratic oath (probably written by Pythagoras) parts of which apply to us as helpers…
“…I will prescribe regimens for the good of my patients according to my ability and my judgment and
never do harm to anyone
…”
Hippocrates claimed that mental disease had a physiological and natural basis.Slide10
500 BC Ancient Greece
Protagoras, Socrates, Plato, Aristotle
Philosophy
1838
- First course In Psychology taught at Dalhousie University
Thomas McCulloch
Canadian and World Events in...
PSYCHOLOGY
1879 ?
Wilheim Wundt First Psychology Lab
1890 ?
William James- First textbook-Principles of Psychology
1889
James Baldwin- First Canadian Lab at U of T
1895
Freud begins publishing
1912 ?
1913 ?
Wertheimer Gestalt
Watson- Behaviorism
1931 Enters
B.F. Skinner
1950 Enters A.
Maslow/ C. Rogers
1846-1960
Importance of Psychology in Canada grows due to presenting issues in returning vets from WWII
1990’s
Martin Seligman
1970’s
Aaron Antonovsky
p.12-13
Physiology
1855
- Halifax’s William Lyall- wrote the first basic psychology text to be published in Canada.