Ming Olivia Amy Amy Casey and Gio Who Is THIS Guy Who is Gamal Abdel Nasser Born 15 Jan 1918 died 28 Sep 1970 Born in the Bakos neighborhood of Alexandria Egypt Served in World War II ID: 178981
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Slide1
Nasser, Communists, and the Muslim Brotherhood
Ming, Olivia, Amy, Amy, Casey, and GioSlide2
Who Is THIS Guy?Slide3
Who is Gamal Abdel Nasser?
Born 15 Jan. 1918, died 28 Sep. 1970 (Born in the Bakos neighborhood of Alexandria, Egypt)
Served in World War II
Second president of Egypt
Lead Egyptian Revolution of 1952
Advanced Arab Nationalism and inspired anti-colonial and pan-Arab revolutions in Algeria, Libya, Iraq and Yemen
Proclaimed Prime Minister in 1954Elected President 1956 (Second president of Egypt)Remained in power until his death Slide4
What did Nasser stand for politically?
Nasser fought against the new israel in 1948
Before Nasser, Egypt had been ruled by King Farouk
British-supported Government
Dissatisfactions with Farouk’s appeasement (concerning control of Canal Zone) erupted in clashes along the border in 1951
riots, etc...1952 Egyptian army officers fronted by General Neguib and lead by Nasser overthrew King FaroukFree OfficersNasser’s popularity came from his objectives for EgyptReunite Arab people & restore dignity to the region -military, political and economic independence as well as create a self-sustaining Arab bloc
-Complete evacuation of British troops from Canal Zone (1956)
-Procurement of Modern arms via Soviet controlled Czech.
-Refusal to sign the Baghdad Pact-Support radical movement in AfricaSlide5
The Muslim Brotherhood
Religious, political, social movement
Largest political force in Egypt
About 600,000 supporters
Hassan al-Banna March 1928
Success in Freedom and Justice Party
Mohamed Morsi overthrown within year of electionMembers imprisoned/killedEgyptian court banned Brotherhood and associationsDenounces violent protestsSlide6
What did people have against the Muslim Brotherhood?
Selective about its leaders
Only about 600,000 supporters of 80 million Egyptians
Anti Non-Muslim
After Mohamed Morsi elected, he forbade Muslims to greet Christians on Easter
"Jesus did not die and was not crucified, but rather Allah gave him protection from the Jews and raised [Jesus] up to Him... which is why we do not greet anyone for something we strongly believe is wrong. ..."Main goal was to acquire power over EgyptSlide7
Communists
-Much of Egypt feared communist control as well as a Western-sponsored revolution
-Most Communist groups did not
support the revolution (Exception:
Democratic Movement For National
Liberation)
-August, 1952 Communist-led riotsdamaged reputation-Communist philosophy seen asirreconcilable with Arab traditionsSlide8
Why Egypt Chose Nasser
The Muslim Brotherhood
Too much Paranoia within the system
The Purge wasn’t received well by authorities-assassinated its leader and shamed activists
Alienated the politicians essential to solve Egypt's problems
The party declared war against the bureaucracy it needed to govern it
Nasser’s PartyMilitary StrategyFought in WWII, founded a secret revolutionary organization “The Free Officers”Overthrew King Farouk’s regime June 23, 1952
Major General Muhammad Naguib led movement
Naguib made president until 1956
Used effective tactics- appealed to the populationMade Egypt Socialist Arab stateLead Egypt away from Communist and Democratic-capitalist systems of the Cold War
June 1956, Nasser supplanted Naguib
Communism
*Scared of “Iron Curtain”
*Didn’t support interests of the Egyptian people