Textual - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

Textual meaning

THEME

CHOICES

Slide2

TEXTUAL METAFUNCTION

:

Grammar resources to organize our experiential and interpersonal meaning into a linear and coherent whole

The textual Metafunction creates discourse

Clause divided into:

THEME – RHEME Slide3

Theme

The

first part

of the clause forms the

theme

and shows the direction that the text is going

Early last year

, we bought a cat.Slide4

Rheme

The

rheme

is what remains

of the clause and may

add

new information.

Early last year, we bought a cat.Slide5

In a clause, the

theme

always comes first

and

shows the starting

point of the message.

The end of the clause, where new inform is

located is called the

rheme

.Slide6

T

heme

R

heme

Our old dog,

Rufus,

l

imped

into the room.

His back paw

w

as red with infection,

But he

f

orgot

all about it

When he

was distracted by the snarling cat.

He

b

egan to chase her

But his paw

p

revented him.

It

w

as throbbing painfully.

He

w

himpered

And (he)

t

urned to sam for comfort and attention.Slide7

THEME – RHEME:

THEME: the point of departure / starting point: what the clause is going to be about

RHEME: what comes after the theme – new information about the point of departure ( theme

) Slide8

IDENTIFICATION OF THEME AND RHEME:

The identification is based in order:

Theme is what comes 1st in the clause

Rheme is everything that is not the theme

Theme: the first topical element in the clause

Every clause must contain one and only one topical theme Slide9

Types of themes: Topical

An element of the clause to which a transitivity function can be assigned

Actor, behaver, senser or circumstance

Every clause must contain one and only one topical theme

Once you have identified the topical theme in a clause, you can consign all the remaining clause constituents to the Rheme role.

Participant, process or circumstance Slide10

Types of themes: Interpersonal

When a constituent to which we would assign a mood function

Constituents that can function as interpersonal themes:

Finite ( unfused)

Do you

Can you Mood adjuncts:I thinkMaybe

JustVocative adjuncts: Simon, isn't that …

Stephen, do you..Polarity adjuncts:Yes / NoComment adjuncts: Fortunately Luckily

All these are part of the theme if they occur before the first topical element Slide11

TYPES OF THEME: TEXTUAL

These are elements which do not express any interpersonal or experiential meaning, but which are doing important cohesive work in relating the clause to its context

Two main types:

Continuative adjuncts:

Oh, no, well, yea…

Conjunctive adjuncts:And, but, however, because, therefore, so… Slide12

Examples

of textual

element

in a

textSlide13

At the zoo we saw cheetahs, deer and many kinds of birds. We visited the tigers and then the island where the monkeys live. Julian didn’t want to see the spider monkeys because he hates spiders. Dad bought some drinks at the kiosk but no one was thirsty. It was late, so we had to decide whether to see the elephants or lemurs. I walked over to the lake and Kari rode a bike along the path. We were sad when it was time to leave. I think we saw everything except for the black rhinoceros.Slide14

At the zoo we saw cheetahs, deer

and

many kinds of birds. We visited the tigers

and then

the island where the monkeys live. Julian didn’t want to see the spider monkeys

because he hates spiders. Dad bought some drinks at the kiosk but no one was thirsty. It was late, so we had to decide whether

to see the elephants or

lemurs. I walked over to the lake and Kari rode a bike along the path. We were sad when it was time to leave. I think we saw everything except for the black rhinoceros.Slide15

CHOICES

OF THEME:

Choices of type of theme

Choices of marked or unmarked themes

Choices of predicated or unpredicated themesSlide16

UNMARKED VS. MARKED

Unmarked: most typical / usual

Marked: atypical / unusual

Unmarked:

Subject ( in a declarative clause)

Finite ( in an interrogative)Predicator ( in an imperative)Wh – element ( in a wh interrogative)

Marked: when the theme conflates with any other constituent from the mood system. Adjunct: circumstantial .

In Switzerland, they give you a cognacHere, they give you teaSlide17

PREDICATED THEMES: Examples

Examples: Slide18

ExamplesSlide19

On Tuesday, 4H went to Taronga Zoo.

The first animals we spent we spent time with were the chimpanzees. One baby chimp put on a great show for us, turning somersaults and running around annoying all the other chimps.

After that, we wandered around looking at animals, such as giraffes and the elephants.

While we watched the seal show, we ate lunch. Australian fur seals are very clever. We enjoyed learning about their habits and way of life.

During the afternoon we worked in groups sketching drawings of some of the animals and taking photos of some of the signs and notices.

When we finally got on the bus to go home we were really tired but we had a great day and we were impressed by the quality of the animal enclosures, the friendliness of the staff and the cleanliness of the entire facility.

R

ecountSlide20

On Tuesday, 4H

went to Taronga Zoo.

The first animals we spent we spent time with

were the chimpanzees.

One baby chimp

put on a great show for us, turning somersaults and running around annoying all the other chimps.After that, we wandered around looking at animals, such as giraffes and the elephants.While we watched the seal show, we ate lunch.

Australian fur seals are very clever. We

enjoyed learning about their habits and way of life.During the afternoon we worked in groups sketching drawings of some of the animals and taking photos of some of the signs and notices.

When we

finally got on the bus to go home

we

were really tired

but we

had a great day

and we

were impressed by the quality of the animal enclosures, the friendliness of the staff and the cleanliness of the entire facility.

R

ecountSlide21

Australian beaches are among the most beautiful beaches in the world. The glorious stretches of soft, white sand and crystal clear ocean water lead many people to believe that Australians, are indeed, living in a ‘lucky country’.

Yet this lucky country will not be able to live up to its nickname if its inhabitants don’t start looking after it more responsibly.

The first thing to do is to discontinue sewage outfalls. Sewage outfalls upset many people who believe that it is disgraceful to discharge human sewage into oceans.

Secondly, stiffer penalties must be imposed on polluters. Rubbish left behind by beach-goers finds its way into the ocean to harm or kill ocean creatures and bird life. People need to be educated to the harm caused by litter.

Australians must work together to preserve their ‘lucky country’ so that future generations will be able to appreciate and admire its beauty.

E

xpositionSlide22

Australian beaches

are among the most beautiful beaches in the world.

The glorious stretches of soft, white sand and crystal clear ocean water

lead many people to believe that Australians, are indeed, living in a ‘lucky country’.

Yet this lucky country

will not be able to live up to its nickname if its inhabitants don’t start looking after it more responsibly.The first thing to do is to discontinue sewage outfalls. Sewage outfalls upset many people who believe that it is disgraceful to discharge human sewage into oceans.

Secondly, stiffer penalties must be imposed on polluters.

Rubbish left behind by beach-goers finds its way into the ocean to harm or kill ocean creatures and bird life. People need to be educated to the harm caused by litter.Australians

must work together to preserve their ‘lucky country’ so that

future generations

will be able to appreciate and admire its beauty.

E

xpositionSlide23

Camouflage

Many animals

are disguised to blend in with their surroundings. They use the Colour, shape or texture of objects in their surroundings to make them appear invisible. Some animals mimic other animals or things. The ability to blend in with the surroundings is called camouflage.

Some animals rely on colour for camouflage. Animals such as green tree frogs use colour to conceal themselves from predators. The green tree snake uses colour to conceal it from prey.

Some animals use shape as camouflage. Stick insects resemble sticks and twigs. Leaf insects resemble leaves.

The snowshoe hare changes colour in winter. Its winter coat matches the white of snow. It is of great benefit to an animal to be camouflaged.

R

eportSlide24

Camouflage

Many animals

are disguised to blend in with their surroundings.

They

use the Colour, shape or texture of objects in their surroundings to make them appear invisible.

Some animals mimic other animals or things. The ability to blend in with the surroundings is called camouflage.Some animals rely on colour for camouflage.

Animals such as green tree frogs use colour to conceal themselves from predators. The green tree snake

uses colour to conceal it from prey.Some animals use shape as camouflage. Stick insects resemble sticks and twigs. Leaf insects

resemble leaves.

The snowshoe hare

changes colour in winter.

Its winter coat

matches the white of snow.

It

is of great benefit to an animal to be camouflaged.

R

eport