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attached to them The computer using a procedure called random digit dialing RDD actually creates phone numbers from those exchanges then generates telephone samples from those In essence this procedur. Research Objective. Show direct cause & effect. Study relationships among variables for existing groups. Explain outcomes after the fact. Type of Design. True Experiment. Quasi-Experiment. Cross-Sectional. . Epidemiology . matters: a new introduction to methodological foundations. Chapter . 4. Seven steps. Define . the population of . interest. Conceptualize . and create measures of exposures and health indicators. Choosing your participants for your research.. Sample. The group of participants that make up your research. Samples are supposed to represent the . population . that you are researching but the way you choose to find your sample is dependent on many factors.. University of Toronto. 2014-15. Robert Brym. Online Mini-Lecture #8. Sampling. Click icon to repeat audio . Right cursor to advance ->. A researcher wants to study all 50 of these people but time and financial constraints necessitate her studying only 7 of them. All 50 form the . Research Objective. Show direct cause & effect. Study relationships among variables for existing groups. Explain outcomes after the fact. Type of Design. True Experiment. Quasi-Experiment. Cross-Sectional. Is the sample that we study a typical cross-section of the wider population from which it is taken?. Can the findings be used to make generalisations about the wider population?. Representativeness. In order to do any research we must have some participants. How do you predict the winner of an election before the election takes place?. In this lesson you will learn how to collect data about a . population. by identifying a sample of the population.. How many texts do middle school students send in one day?. http://pballew.blogspot.com/2011/03/100-confidence-interval.html. Statistical Inference. 2. Sampling. Sampling Variability. What would happen if we took many samples?. 3. Population. Sample. Sample. Sample. In this lesson you will learn how to collect data about a . population. by identifying a sample of the population.. How many texts do middle school students send in one day?. Statistical questions are used to. SAMPLING DISTRIBUTIONS & STANDARD . ERRORS. (And Possible Effects on Results of Teaching Evaluation). VARIABLE & DISTRIBUTION. A function or . rule that . maps or associates . with . each element in a domain . Background. We have learned ways to display, describe, and summarize data, but have been limited to examining the particular batch of data we have.. To make decisions, we need to go beyond the data at hand and to the world at large.. What is statistics? Statistics is the science of dealing with data. Data is any type of info packaged in numerical form. Common examples: Political polls, Health/medical studies Some Basic Definitions Introduction to Statistics Each slide has its own narration in an audio file. For the explanation of any slide click on the audio icon to start it. Professor Friedman's Statistics Course by H & L Friedman is licensed under a  Penny for your thoughts Take a sample of size 5 from the population Calculate p = the proportion of pennies minted in the 2000s Calculate the mean year of the pennies as well KEEP THIS DATA WHERE YOU CAN USE IT AGAIN!