“A Sense of Place” - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

“A Sense of Place”

American Indigenous Research Association Conference

2014

Puʻu

ʻŌʻō

Lava Flow, October 2014Slide2

Waipiʻo

Kukuihaele

Kū

Kahakalau

, Ph.D.

HawaiʻiSlide3

AKUA

ʻĀINA

KANAKA

PONO

ALOHASlide4

WAIPIʻOSlide5

ʻIʻinimaikalani

Kealiʻikuaʻāina

&

Pōlanimakamae

Kaʻoakaokalani

KahakalauSlide6

1985 Hawaiian Language Teacher

1990s

Kūkulu Kumuhana

Outdoor Learning

Family Camps,

Waipi’o

1996 Ph.D. Indigenous Education

2000

Kanu

o ka ʻĀina New Century Public Charter School (K-12)2002 Mālamapōkiʻi (Pre-K) bi-lingual Early Childhood Program2003 Hālau Wānana Indigenous Center for Higher Learning2008 Kauhale ʻŌiwi o Puʻukapu2011 Kū-A-Kanaka Indigenous Research Institute2012 Basic Hawaiian interactive, online Hawaiian Language ProgramFirst Platinum LEED certified educational facility in Hawai’iPROFESSIONAL JOURNEYSlide7

PEDAGOGY OF ALOHA

Culturally-driven

Family-oriented Community/Place-focused

Economically sustainable

RELATIONS, RELEVANCE, RIGORSlide8

GROWTH AS A HAWAIIAN

Hawaiian epistemology grounded in native values

traditional lifestyle aligned with Hawaiian ʻōlelo noʻeau

(proverbs)

habits, customs and rituals of 21

st

century Hawaiian practitioners

KŪ-A-KANAKA

(stand as a Hawaiian, live as a Hawaiian, be Hawaiian

)Slide9

1985 - 2014

extensive, in depth informal

studymeticulous, rigorous formal researchintense, heuristic contemplation

History of Academic Research

Teacher

Ph.D. Student

ResearcherSlide10

MĀʻAWE

PONO

The Good Way

Hawaiian Research MethodologySlide11

ʻAha

Māwaewae: Clearing-the-Way-Feast

MARY KAWENA

PUKUʻI

: “Clearly

then, this first feast for the

hiapo

[first born] … ritually started the child on the

mā’awe

pono (right track) of honor and responsibility.” (Pukui, Haertig, Lee, 1972)  Slide12

Indigenous Heuristic Action Research (1990s)

Māʻawe

Pono

(2014)

Mixed methodology

Hawaiian methodology

6-phase heuristic process

8-phase exploratory process

Western Worldview

Indigenous Epistemology:

Kū-A-KanakaStudy and solve native issue(s)Study and solve native issue(s)Aligned with Indigenous and Western methodsUsing native Hawaiian methodsAcademically grounded – Western research paradigmsCulturally grounded – Hawaiian ʻōlelo noʻeau (proverbs)Designed for and accountable to academiaDesigned for and accountable to native communitySlide13

Mary

Abigail Kawena-

`ula-o-ka

-

lani

-a-

hi`iaka

-

i-

ka-poli

-o-pele-ka- wahine-`ai-honua Wiggin Puku`i  (1895-1986)Slide14

NATIVE INTELLIGENCE

Ua

lehulehu a manomano ka

ʻikena

a

ka

Hawaiʻi.

 Great and numerous is the knowledge of the Hawaiians.Slide15

Haole

kī kōlea

.

Plover

shooting

haole

.  Blundering Caucasian.  

The haole

, in going plover hunting, shoots with his shotgun, killing some, maiming others.  The maimed can fly elsewhere to die or become victims of some other animal.  But the Hawaiian goes quietly at night with a net.  He takes what he wants and lets the others escape unharmed.Slide16

ʻŌlelo

ke kupa

o

ka

ʻāina

ua

mālie, ua

au koaʻe.The natives of the land declare the weather is calm when the tropic bird travels afar.As natives we know our environment.PLACE-BASED KNOWLEDGESlide17

ʻO

ka uhiwai nō

kāi

ʻike

i

ka

ʻino o ka wai.Only the mist knows the storm that caused the streams to swell.Only those who are close to a person/situation know the problem(s).INSIDER KNOWLEDGESlide18

He

lawai`a

no ke kai

pāpa`u

, he

pōkole

ke

aho; he

lawai`a no ke kai hohonu, he loa ke aho.  A fisherman of the shallow sea uses only a short line; a fisherman of the deep sea has a long line.  A person whose knowledge is shallow does not have much, but he whose knowledge is great, does.INDEPTH KNOWLEDGESlide19

E

kuhikuhi

pono

i

nā

au

nui

a me nā au

iki o ka ʻike.Instruct well in the large and the little currents of knowledge.In teaching do well, the small details are as important as the large ones.ATTENTION TO DETAILSlide20

ʻAʻohe

puʻu kiʻekiʻe

ke

hoʻāʻo

ʻ

ia e piʻi

. No cliff is so tall that it cannot be scaled.  No problem is too great when one tries hard to solve it.STRENGTHS-BASED APPROACHSlide21

Kūlia

i

ka

nuʻu

.

Strive to reach the highest.

QUEST FOR EXCELLENCESlide22

`

O

ka pono

ke

hana

`

ia

, a iho

mai

nā lani.Continue to do good until the heavens come down to you.  Blessings come to those who persist in doing good.  SOCIAL IMPACTSlide23

ʻAʻohe

ulu e loaʻa

i

ka

pōkole

o

ka lou.

No breadfruit can be reached when the picking stick is too short.PREPARATIONSlide24

Ma

ka

hana

ka

ʻike

.

By doing one learns.

PARTICIPATORY RESEARCHSlide25

ʻIke

aku, ʻike

mai

,

kōkua

aku

, kōkua

mai,

pēlā ihola ka nohona ʻohana Know and be known, help and be helped, such is family life.  COMMUNITY/PLACE-FOCUSEDSlide26

Pūpūkahi

i holomua.

Unite in order to progress

.

COMMUNITY PARTICIPATIONSlide27

Nānā

ka maka,

hana

ka

lima.

The eyes look, the hands do.

Observe with your eyes, and then do what is necessary.

OBSERVATION & PARTICIPATIONSlide28

Ka

pō nui

hoʻolakolako

,

ke

ao

nui

hoʻohemahema.The great night that provides, the great day that neglectsThe gods supply, but man does not always accept with appreciation. Guidance is given in dreams.Slide29

Aia

nā hā`ina i

loko

o

kākou

.

The solutions and

answers are within us.

TACIT KNOWLEDGE INTEGRATIONSlide30

Lawe

i ka maʻalea

a

kūʻonoʻono

.

Take knowledge and make it deep

.

LONGITUDINAL RESEARCHSlide31

ʻAʻohe

pau ka

ʻike

i

ka

hālau hoʻokahi

.Not all knowledge is contained in one school.One can learn from many sources. MULTIPLE APPROACHESSlide32

Pūʻali

ke kalo

i

ka

wai

ʻole.

The kalo is misshapen for lack of water.LACK OF RESOURCESSlide33

THE EIGHT (8) PHASES of

MĀʻAWE

PONO Slide34

ʻImi

Naʻauao Search for Wisdom

Hoʻoliuliu

Preparation of Investigation

Hailona

Action Research Project

Hoʻoluʻu

Immersion

Hoʻomōhala Incubation Haʻiloaʻa Articulation of Solution(s)Hōʻike Demonstration of KnowledgeKūkulu Kumuhana Pooling of StrengthsSlide35

PHASE 1:

ʻImi

Naʻauao

- Search for Wisdom

Identify personal passions

Articulate community issues

Align passion and issue

Set research goal

Research issue informally

Brainstorm possible solution(s)/theoryFrame research question & hypothesis ’imi na’auao: to seek knowledgeSlide36

PHASE 2:

Hoʻoliuliu - Preparation for Testing

Plan and prepare for short term action research project, which tests solution(s) on small scale w/co-researchers in community

Select and determine roles of primary researcher, co-researchers & community

Cultivate relations with co-researchers & community

hoʻoliuliu

:

t

o prepareSlide37

PHASE 3:

Hailona

- Action Research Project

Implement action research project in community

Gather data (qualitative/quantitative) from multiple co-researchers using Hawaiian methods

hailona

:

t

o testSlide38

PHASE 4:

Hoʻoluʻu

- Immersion

Immerse in phenomenon day and night

Analyze data from action research project

Engage in extensive self-reflection

Seek external input from elders/experts

Formulate conclusion

hoʻolu’u

:

to immerseSlide39

PHASE 5:

Hoʻomōhala

- Incubation

Step away from phenomenon

Incubate knowledge / allow it to marinate

Tune into tacit knowledge

Articulate what has awakened into consciousness

hoʻomōhala

:

to

evolve , unfold, developSlide40

P

HASE 6:

Haʻiloaʻa - Articulation of Solution(s)

Articulate solution(s) with input from co-researchers and community

Create action plan to implement solution(s)

Prepare for presentation to community

haʻiloaʻa

:

to

answer a problemSlide41

PHASE 7:

Hōʻike

- Demonstration of Knowledge

Oral presentation of solution to community in form they can understand

Written articulation of solution in professional journal

(

optional

)

hōʻike

:

to make known, display, tell, exhibit, reveal, inform, report, notify, explain, identify characteristicsSlide42

PHASE 8:

Kūkulu Kumuhana

-

Pooling of Strengths

Discussion with community re: next steps

I

mplementation of solution(s) within community

Scaled up action research project with increased input from community

Continuation of research cycle until problems of community/nation have been solvedkūkulu kumuhana: to pool thoughts and prayers to solving common problems; to set up topics for discussion, as an agendaSlide43

MĀʻAWE

PONO: TRADITIONAL RESEARCH PROCESS

E

kaʻahele

i

ka

māʻawe

a ka pono.  Tread on the good trail, the trail of righteousness.  Slide44

King

Liholiho – Kamehameha II:Na

wai ho'i ka

'ole o

ke

akamai

, he

alahele

i ma'a

i ka hele 'ia e o'u mau makua.Who would not be wise on a path walked upon by my parents and ancestors?As Indigenous researchers, we should have this same kind of confidence. We should value our traditional ways and be confident, contributing members of the international community of researchers on our terms.(1797-1824)Slide45

MAHALO!

For copy of PPT, or questions contact:

Kū

Kahakalau

, Ph.D.

kukahakalau@yahoo.com