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Descriptive Abbreviations Descriptive Abbreviations

Descriptive Abbreviations - PowerPoint Presentation

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Descriptive Abbreviations - PPT Presentation

s Solid l Liquid g G as aq Aqueous dissolved in water How do we know the states of matter in a reaction Word problem tells us States of matter from the periodic table ID: 538852

episode 605 classifying reactions 605 episode reactions classifying liquid solid reaction mercury activity co2 matter compounds state chemical rain

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Slide1

Descriptive Abbreviations

(s) Solid(l) Liquid(g) Gas(aq) Aqueous dissolved in waterHow do we know the states of matter in a reaction?Word problem tells usStates of matter from the periodic tableCommon knowledge

Episode 605Slide2

Determining State at Room Temperature

All metals are solids except for mercury, which is a liquid.Most non-metals are gases with these exceptions:Liquid – bromineSolids – carbon, phosphorus, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, and astatineAll metalloids are solidsIonic compounds are solid, unless told otherwise.

Covalent

compounds are

liquid, unless told otherwise.

Episode 605Slide3

When heated, solid mercury (II) oxide yields mercury and oxygen gas.

Write the balanced chemical equation including the descriptive abbreviations for the state of matter.2 HgO(s) → 2 Hg(l) + O2(g)Episode 605Slide4

Classifying Reactions

SynthesisTwo or more substances combine to form a more complex substanceA + B  ABFe(s) + S(s)  FeS(s)H20(l) + SO3

(g)

H

2

SO

4

(

aq

)(acid rain)

http://www.natgeoeducationvideo.com/film/1233/acid-rain

http://video.about.com/chemistry/What-Are-Types-of-Chemical-Reactions.htm

Episode 605Slide5

Classifying Reactions

DecompositionA single substance is broken down into two or more simpler substancesAB  A + BH2O (l)  H2

(g)

+

O

2

(g)

2HgO

2Hg(l)

+ O2

Episode 605Slide6

Classifying Reactions

Single ReplacementA free element replaces a less reactive element in a compoundA + BY  AY + BZn (s) + 2HCl(aq)  ZnCl2(

aq

)

+

H

2

(g)

2Al(s) +

3CuCl2(

aq)  2AlCl3(

aq

) + 3

Cu(s)

Cu(s) + MgCl2(aq) 

Activity Series: an

arrangement

of elements in the order of their

tendency

to

react

NR (no reaction)

Episode 605Slide7

Activity Series

LithiumPotassiumBariumCalciumSodiumMagnesiumAluminumManganeseZincChromiumNickelTinLead(Hydrogen)CopperMercurySilverGold

Decreasing activity

Episode 605Slide8

Classifying Reactions

Double ReplacementThe elements of a reacting compounds replace each otherNormally takes place in an aqueous solutionAlso called metathesis reactionAX + BY  AY + BX2KI(aq) + Pb

(NO

3

)

2

(

aq

)

PBI2(s)

+ KNO

3(g)

Precipitate

An insoluble solid May be

represented

in an equation by

(s)

or

NaCl

(aq) + AgNO

3(aq

)  NaNO

3

(

aq

) +

AgCl

Episode 605Slide9

Classifying Reactions

CombustionInvolves the reaction of a substance with oxygenOften called burningThe complete combustion of a hydrocarbon produces CO2 and H2OCxHy + O2

CO

2

+ H

2

0

C

3

H8(g) + 5O

2(g) 

3CO2

(g) + 4H2

O(l)CH4(g) + 2O

2

(g)  CO

2

(g) + 2H

2

O(l)

Episode 605