Essential Question : What are the major differences between the Indian religions of Hinduism - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

Essential Question

:

What are the major differences between the Indian religions of Hinduism and Buddhism?

Warm-Up Question

:

How was Indian society different from that in Mesopotamia & Egypt?

Compare the geography of India to either Mesopotamia or EgyptSlide2

The Religions of Ancient India

Overview

:

The people of the Indus River Valley developed 2 major religions that are still practiced today:

Hinduism

&

Buddhism Slide3
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Hinduism

Basic beliefs

:

Hinduism is based

upon the search for “

perfect understanding

” & the liberation from the human world

This understanding is called

moksha

(also called nirvana or enlightenment)Slide5

Hinduism

Basic beliefs

:

Only the top of the caste system can achieve moksha

Hindus believe in reincarnation (people are reborn into another form)

Moving up in the caste is based on fulfilling dharma (duty) & gaining karma (good deeds) Slide6

Hinduism

Gods

:

Hindus believe in thousands of gods, but 3 are supreme

Brahma the creator, Vishnu the preserver, & Shiva the destroyer

Texts

:

There is no single Hindu text, but the

Upanishads

&

Vedas are important worksSlide7

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y9yWwFWpbRo&list=PL3L9I1VLuXi5kOkbAsSuD_0pUDfghf4kZ

Slide8

Hinduism

Impact on society

:

Hinduism & caste system dominate

all aspects of one’s life, such as who people can marry & how to dressSlide9

Quick Class Activity

:

Examine the image and the quote below & guess how Buddhism is different from Hinduism

Let him not despise what he

has received, nor should he

live envying the gains of others.

The disciple who envies the

gains of others does not attain concentration.

—Buddhist scripture,

The

Dhammapada

(Verses of Righteousness) Slide10

Buddhism

Origins:

Buddhism was created by Siddhartha Gautama who abandoned a noble life in search of enlightenment

After a period of meditation, Siddhartha gained enlightenment & became known as the “Buddha”

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tilBs32zN7I

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Buddhism

Basic Beliefs

:

Like Hinduism, Buddhists believe

in moksha & reincarnation But, Buddhists rejected the caste system & the idea that only Brahmins can achieve nirvanaSlide12

Buddhism

Basic Beliefs

:

The major teaching of Buddhism are the

Four Noble Truths

Buddhists believe they can achieve nirvana by following the

Eight-Fold Path Slide13

Buddhism

Impact on society

:

Women & Hindus in the lowest castes were attracted to Buddhism

Missionaries spread Buddhism into Asia Slide14

Closure Activity

Complete the comparison chart on the back of your notes

What are the characteristics of Hinduism, Buddhism, Judaism?

Be prepared to answer some discussion questions when finishedSlide15

Origins of JudaismSlide16

History

The ancient Israelites (Hebrews or Jews) were nomadic people who migrated from Mesopotamia to Canaan (present-day Israel & Lebanon) around 2000 BCE.Slide17

MESOPOTAMIASlide18

History

Almost everything we know about the Israelites is based on the Hebrew Bible.

Hebrew Bible = Old Testament of the Christian Bible.

The first 5 books of the Hebrew Bible are know as the

Torah, which is comprised of stories about the ancient Israelites and descriptions of Hebrew law.Slide19

Beliefs

The Israelites were the founders of Judaism, one of the 1

st

monotheistic religions.Most other people of the time practiced polytheistic religions.

The Israelites believed their God was all powerful and the creator.Slide20

Beliefs

Judaism teaches that a person serves God by studying the Torah and living by its teachings.

The Star of David, is the universal symbol Judaism.Slide21

Beliefs

There are

3 major Jewish Sects

:Orthodox Jews – obey the Torah without question.

Conservative Jews Interpret

3. Reform Jews Torah to

make it

relevant today

Slide22

Worship Practices

Jews worship in a

synagogue

or temple.Usually they are built so that the congregation faces towards Jerusalem during worship.

An ark, or cabinet, at the front of the synagogue contains the scroll of the Torah.Slide23
Slide24

Worship Practices

A lamp called the eternal light hangs before the ark, symbolizing the eternal presence of God.

A rabbi (“teacher”) leads prayers and reads passages of the Hebrew Bible or Torah during the service. He or she will also deliver the sermon.Slide25

Ritual

Some Jews follow strict dietary laws based on passages from the Hebrew Bible.

These laws establish what is

kosher, or acceptable for Jews to eat.

Animals that are considered unclean, like pigs & shellfish, are forbidden.Slide26