Cognitive Development One Year Old Two Year Old AVERAGE COGNITIVE MILESTONES IN THE TODDLER STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT Sounds Words Finds hidden objects Says about 272 words phrases and simple sentences ID: 553969
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Slide1
Toddler – Cognitive DevelopmentSlide2
One Year Old
Two Year Old
AVERAGE
COGNITIVE
MILESTONES IN THE TODDLER STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT
Sounds Words Finds hidden objects
Says about 272 words, phrases, and simple sentences
Understands
simple directions
Identifies
simple pictures
Likes
to look at books
Attempts
basic reasoning skills
Understands
time concept of “before” and “after”
Enjoys
coloring and painting Slide3
1. COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT:
Shaped
by both heredity and the
child’s
environment.
A positive environment that promotes learning and stimulates the senses.Positive interactions
with caregivers
Availability and variety of appropriate
playthings and manipulativesPlenty of encouragement and positive attitudesSlide4
2. Jean Piaget Stages
Toddler’s are in the
end
of Jean Piaget’s sensorimotor stage and
advancing into the preoperational stage.Slide5
2a. JEAN
PIAGET:
TODDLER
Sens
orimotor
Stage – (12-24 months)
explores
and experiments
solves problems uses imagination
learn
through senses/actions
finds
hidden objects
(
object permanence) Slide6
2b. JEAN PIAGET: TODDLER
PRE
OPERATION
AL
STAGE –
(
2-7 YEARS OLD)
Think in terms of own activities and what they perceive at the moment
Learn through imaginative play
View world in egocentric manner (“MINE”)
Begin to identify symbols and meaning
Symbols = words
***Provide
concrete (see and touch) experiences to make connections = hands on objects, activities, visual. Slide7
3
.
FOUR METHODS OF LEARNING
a)Incidental Learning = Unplanned learning
b)Trial and Error
= A
child tries
several
solutions before finding one
that
works
c)Imitation =
watching and copying others d)Directed
Learning =
formal instruction (example – classroom setting)Slide8
4. CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT
As
a child learns to think, they begin to organize information received from their
SENSES
into CONCEPTS . General
categories of objects and information. fruits, color, shape, animals Anything that moves is alive dog = all 4 legged animals
ball
= all round objects are a ball Slide9
Promoting
Cognitive Development
Giving
time and
attention
Take
advantage of simple everyday learning opportunities
Allow
time for thinking, exploring, and discovering their world (problem solving and decision making)
Give
only as much
help
as the child needs to succeed
Encourage
children to draw their own
conclusions
– “Let’s
find out” (see and do) vs. giving them an explanation.
Use
Sensory stimulation and concrete learning
Model
problem
solving
so they can hear how to think their way
to
a solution.
Maintain
positive
attitude
Keep
explanations
simple
and on the child’s level Slide10
5. Language Development
Reading to a toddler is important for
language
and
cognitive developmentEncourage language development by modeling
correct speechIn early speech/language development, nouns are learned first.
***During
this period, most children use 1-3 word/s rather than whole sentencesSlide11
6. TECHNIQUES FOR READING OUT LOUD (Choose 3)
Choose age appropriate books
Reading
a story is like putting on a play
Snuggle up close so all can seeKeep
your focus on the child not the storyEncourage participation, ie: turn pagesExplain unknown wordsPoint to the words of familiar objects
Read
and re-read as often as the child likes
Let the child guide the pace of the storyRead at least 20 minutes every day to your child