Accelerator Research at SLAC - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

Accelerator Research at SLAC

Tor Raubenheimer

Stanford Graduate Student Orientation

September 20, 2012Slide2

What are accelerators?

Wikipedia: A

particle accelerator

is a device that uses

electromagnetic fields

to propel charged particles to high speeds and to contain them in well-defined beamsCRT’s  x-ray tubes  SRS  Large Hadron ColliderVelocity = 0.999999999986 x speed of light at LEP2~26,000 accelerators worldwide~44% are for radiotherapy, ~41% for ion implantation, ~9% for industrial processing and research, ~4% for biomedical and other low-energy research,~1% with energies > 1 GeV for discovery science and research

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Stanford Graduate Student Orientation, 9/20/2012Slide3

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Accelerators at SLAC

Stanford Graduate Student Orientation, 9/20/2012

Particle Accelerators at SLAC

XTA

FACET

ASTASlide4

Field of Accelerator Physics

Broad field ranging from engineering some of the largest scientific instruments to plasma physics to materials science to nonlinear dynamicsAdvances come from both conceptual research and directed R&D aimed at applications

Field offers opportunity for ‘small-scale’ experiments at large science facilities

Small groups:

Individuals can engage in

theory, simulation, and experimental resultsLHCTevatron

LEP-II

SLC

HERA

4Slide5

Advanced Accelerator Research @ SLAC

High energy particle accelerators are the ultimate microscopes

Reveal fundamental particles and forces in the universe at the energy frontier

Enable x-ray lasers to look at the smallest elements of life

Goal

is to shrink the size and cost by factors of 10-1000Combine SLAC accelerators with lasers, plasmas, high-power microwaves, and lithography to develop new generation of particle accelerators and sourcesNew designs and materials push metal accelerator structures

to the limit

Telecom and Semiconductor tools used to make an ‘accelerator on a chip’

Extremely high fields in 1,000°C lithium plasmas have doubled the energy of the

3-km

SLAC

linac

in just 1 meterSlide6

The

E163

Test Facility and the Next Linear Collider Test Accelerator provide unmatched capabilities for testing laser accelerators. The small size of the group (<10) means that students can be involved in virtually all aspects of the experiment.

Contact: Dr. Eric Colby,

926-3709; Dr. Joel England, 926-3706

6Woodpile StructureSlide7

Plasma Wakefield Acceleration

Acceleration gradients of ~50 GV/m (3000 x SLAC)Doubled energy of 45 GeV

beam in 1 meter plasma

FACET brand-new 20

GeV

test facility for PWFAContact: Dr. Mark Hogan, 926-2951

Page

7Slide8

Accelerator Beam Physics and Computing

Broad set of topics ranging from concepts for future high-energy physics and photon science facilities, to massively parallel simulations, to beam theory

Developed many of the innovative concepts of the field including:

Linear collider designs

Linac

coherent light source (x-ray FEL)PEP-X and other future light sources Massively parallel electromagnetic calculationsFaculty: Alex Chao, Ron RuthDepartment heads: Yunhai Cai and Cho Ng

8Slide9

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Compact accelerators

Developing new compact accelerator

for Inverse Compton Scattering,

FEL’s and Ultrafast e

- DiffractionGunLinac

YAG, Laser Injection chamber

Cecile Limborg

926-8685

Chris

Adolphsen

926-3560Slide10

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Novel experimental beam dynamics

Stanford Graduate Student Orientation, 9/20/2012Slide11

Undulator Mechanical Structure

Electric Field Distribution

Accelerator Technology Research

High

Gradient Research:

Host for the US Collaboration on High Gradient Research for Future Colliders

RF Superconducting Material

Characterization, Geometrical Effects, Frequency scaling

,.

High Frequency RF Source Developments.

Novel Accelerator

structures

Novel

FEL Technologies and Light Sources:

RF undulators and bunch compression techniques for ultra-short pulses.

Advanced Accelerator Concepts:

Practical design and implementation

of Terahertz and far infrared accelerators and components

For more info contact: Prof. Sami

Tantawi

650-926-4454Slide12

SPEAR3 accelerator research

Short pulses/THz beamlineLDRD funding to design THz

beamline

Primary rotation research focus

Beamline

purpose:Characterize bunch shapeMeasure shielded CSR impedanceTHz for photon experimentsAccelerator optics/Nonlinear dynamics PEP-X (future light source)Gun developmentDiagnostics developmentJames Safranek, 926-5438

Measured SPEAR bunch

Calculated THz

Nonlinear dynamics:

simulated & measuredSlide13

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Large Hadron Collider: Accelerator Research

Stanford Graduate Student Orientation, 9/20/2012Slide14

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Advanced Instrumentation and Feedback

Signal processing systems for beam instrumentation and feedback

control systems. Develop DSP with 4-8 GHz processing bandwidth

for SPS and LHC, participate in machine measurements.

System modeling and simulation of unstable systems under feedback control  stabilize jitter in LCLS Machine physics studies and system dynamics characterization of the LHC RF↔beam interaction

The group comprises SLAC staff, Toohig Fellow and Stanford Ph.D. students.Two APS Dissertation Prizes in Beam Physics have

been awarded to past students.

Stanford Graduate Student Orientation, 9/20/2012

Contact: John Fox,

926-2789Slide15

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LHC Projects

A number of potential thesis projects on LHC

Crystal collimation

 with Uli

WeinandsHiLum LHC design  Yunhai CaiLLRF, feedback and Electron cloud instability and control  with John FoxFaculty members:John Fox, x2789Senior Staff:Tom Markiewicz, x2668 Uli Wienands, x3817 Yunhai Cai, x2935

Stanford Graduate Student Orientation, 9/20/2012Slide16

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Linac

Coherent Light Source (LCLS)

World’s first x-ray laser – a Free Electron Laser

Commissioned in 2009 and constantly advancing new concepts

Stanford Graduate Student Orientation, 9/20/2012

April 10, 2009Slide17

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LCLS Undulator Hall

Stanford Graduate Student Orientation, 9/20/2012Slide18

Slide

18Linac'12, Tel Aviv, Sept. 2012

Linac Coherent Light

Source II

Injector @

1-km

point

Sectors 10-20 of

Linac

(1 km)

(with modifications)

X-ray Transport

Optics/Diagnostics

New Underground Experiment Hall

Bypass LCLS Linac

In PEP Line

(extended)

New Beam Transport

Hall

SXR, HXR Undulators

2010: April-

Critical Decision 0

approved

2011: October-

Critical Decision 1

approved

2012: March-

Critical Decision 3a

approved

2012: August-

Critical Decision 2

2013: June-

Critical Decision 3b

2018: Sept.

First FEL Light

2019: Sept.

Critical Decision 4Slide19

SASE spectrum

Seeded spectrum

Seeding + taper

FEL R&D opportunities @ SLAC

LCLS is the world’s brightest x-ray source.

You have

the opportunity

to

make it even

brighter!

Seeding improves spectral brightness

Tapered

undulator

increases

FEL power to Terawatt level

Many challenging theoretical,

computational, and experimental topics

to pursue in the coming years (see next slide)Slide20

2011-12

2015-16

2013-14

2017-18

2019-20

LCLS-II injector

LCLS-II completion

HXRSS

Injector R&D

S0 ITF: advanced beam generation, high-energy compression and laser seeding

Temporal diagnostics & timing

Attosecond

x-ray generation

X-ray seeding & brightness

E-beam brightness & manipulation

Technology

development

Ultrafast techniques

ECHO-7

Soft X-Ray Self-Seeding

ECHO-75, laser phase error error

THz & Polarization

THz

Polarization control

Multi bunches, detectors, novel

undulators

, high-rep. rate

ASTA (Cathode, Gun)

X-ray sharing

TWFEL

HHG efficiency and control

Completed

Ongoing

Under development

SLAC FEL

R&D roadmap

HXRSSSlide21

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SLAC Facilities

Phenomenal accelerator R&D facilities:

Accelerator Structure Test Area

NLC Test Accelerator

X-band Test Accelerator End Station Test Beam FACET SPEAR-3 Linac Coherent Light Source plus Shops and engineering staff to build what you needStanford Graduate Student Orientation, 9/20/2012

DOE Computing Resources

:

NERSC

at LBNL -

Franklin Cray XT4:

38,642 compute cores,

77

TBytes

memory,

355

Tflops

NCCS

at ORNL

-

Jaguar Cray XT5:

224,256 compute cores

,

300

TBytes

memory, 2331

Tflops

,

600

TBytes

disk space

Local clusters and GPU machines

Slide22

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Examples of Recent PhD Theses

Dan Ratner, “Much Ado about

Microbunching

: Coherent Bunching in

High Brightness Electron Beams,”Advisor: Axel Chao, 2011, Present position: Staff Scientist, SLAC Ian Blumenfeld, "Scaling of the Longitudial Electric Fields and Transformer Ratio in a Non-Linear Plasma Wakefield Accelerator,“ Advisor: Alex Chao, 2009, Present position: Scientist, Modeling Group, Archimedes Inc. Neil Kirby, "Properties of Trapped Electron Bunches in a Plasma Wakefield Accelerator," Advisor: Alex Chao, 2009, Present position: Postdoc, Radiation Oncology Department, UC San Francisco. Chris Sears, "Production, Characterization, and Acceleration of Optical Microbunches

," Advisor: Robert Siemann, 2008, Present position: MPI Munich.

Stanford Graduate Student Orientation, 9/20/2012Slide23

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Summary

Accelerator R&D is a major effort at SLAC and there are a very broad range of potential thesis topics

Theoretical, simulation, and experimental

Many problems require effort all three

SLAC as a national lab has fantastic R&D facilities and a strong faculty and staff and one of the best PhD programs8 of the 20 American Physical Society Division of Particle Beam Thesis Award recipients to date completed their graduate research at SLAC:Dan Ratner, a student of Alex Chao’s (2012)Ian Blumenfeld, a student of Alex Chao’s (2011)Dmitry Teytelman, a student of John Fox (2004) David

Pritzkau, a student of Bob Siemann (2003)

Boris Podobedov, a student of Bob

Siemann

(2002)

Shyam

Prabhakar

, a student of John Fox (2001)

Zhirong Huang

, a student of Ron Ruth (1999)

Tor Raubenheimer

, a student of Ewan Paterson (1994)

Come talk to us and don’t forget the tour: 1:30 pm from ROB parking lot

Stanford Graduate Student Orientation, 9/20/2012