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Deputy Chief Skip Coleman – Toledo Fire & Rescue Deputy Chief Skip Coleman – Toledo Fire & Rescue

Deputy Chief Skip Coleman – Toledo Fire & Rescue - PowerPoint Presentation

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Deputy Chief Skip Coleman – Toledo Fire & Rescue - PPT Presentation

Searching Smarter 2013Q2 Chief S Coleman ret Bio Bio Skip has retired as Assistant Chief of the Toledo Fire Department where he served for over 32 years Skip is currently Technical Editor for Fire Engineering Magazine and is on the FDIC Educational Advisory Committee Skip teach ID: 620467

oriented search fire man search oriented man fire searching area line time victims hose position start searcher conditions searchers

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Slide1

Deputy Chief Skip Coleman – Toledo Fire & Rescue

Searching

Smarter2013Q2Slide2

Chief S. Coleman (ret.) -

Bio

Bio:

Skip has retired as Assistant Chief of the Toledo Fire Department where he served for over 32 years. Skip is currently Technical Editor for Fire Engineering Magazine and is on the FDIC Educational Advisory Committee. Skip teaches throughout the United States and Canada.

Information contained within this presentation was created by Chief S. Coleman.Slide3

We miss rooms

We miss corners

We miss the center of rooms

We take way too long to search

We search in the wrong places

We spend too much time searching where only “dead” people could be

Continuity of Search not Maintained

Today’s SearchSlide4

Continuity of Search

Continuity of Search – Assuring that a Search is being conducted in a logical un-interrupted manner.

Entails knowing where we have searched, where we are searching now, where we will search next and when the entire area has been covered.

Even when we find and remove victim(s)Slide5

The Oriented Search

The Oriented Search Defined: A Method of Search That Utilizes One “Oriented” Man (Team Leader) and One or More Searchers

“The Oriented Search Is a Method of Search That Allows for Focus to Be Split Into Two Directions:

1) The Safety of the Search Team

2) The Actual SearchSlide6

The Oriented Search

Safety of Crew Maintained at All Times

Searchers Allowed to Focus on Finding Victims - Not on Hose Lines or Ropes

Searches Conducted Faster. More Lives Saved

Continuity of Search Maintained

Advantages to the Oriented Search

Requires a Lot of Concentration on the Part of the “Oriented Man”

Dis-Advantages to the Oriented SearchSlide7

The Oriented Search in DetailSlide8

The Oriented Search in Detail

The Oriented Search Is Based on “Focus”. One Member, Called the “Oriented Man” (Usually the Officer) Has As His or Her Sole Focus the Safety of the Crew. He or She Maintains Constant Awareness of Three Things:

The Entire Crews Whereabouts

The Fire Conditions in the Area

The Location and Progress of the Searchers and the SearchSlide9

The Premise Behind the Oriented Search

One Firefighter focused on:

How to get in and how to get out (that’s why we don’t change positions)

Fire Safety of Crew

Where will we search first, where have searched, where are we currently searching and where we will search next

The searchers are focused on Searching and can “fly” conducting their search knowing that someone (the Oriented Man)

is looking out for their safety.Slide10

The Oriented Search

Two types or variations of the Oriented Search:

Oriented Search

Modified SearchSlide11

The Oriented Search

Three Things Necessary for Oriented Search.

“Bread and Butter Fire”

Proper Positioning of Oriented Man

Communication

The Direction of Search:

Left Handed

Right HandedLeft off Hose Line - CommercialRight off Hose Line - CommercialSlide12

The Oriented Search

How It Works -

Oriented Man and Searchers Enter Structure

Oriented Man Leads Way and Memorizes How They Get in and How to Get Out. Locates Area to Be Searched

Searcher Enters Search Area – Tells Number of Walls and Direction of SearchSlide13

The Oriented Search

How It Works -

Crew Communicates

As a Searcher Searches, the Oriented Man Locates Next Room to Be Searched - Checks Search Area for Changing Heat and Smoke Conditions and Area Behind Search Area

When Searcher Is Finished, Oriented Man Leads Searcher to New Area to SearchSlide14

Oriented Man

Designed for Residential Fires – Single and Multi-family occupancies

Can be Modified to Work in Almost any Occupancy Type

Work off hallways – sleeping area

(first or second floor)

Work off of stairway or other point on first floorSlide15

Where Should the Oriented Man Position Himself?Slide16

Where Should the Oriented Man Position Himself?Slide17

Where Should the Oriented Man Position Himself?Slide18

Where Should the Oriented Man Position Himself?Slide19

Where Should the Oriented Man Position Himself?Slide20

Where Should the Oriented Man Position Himself?Slide21

One Firefighter Searches

The Oriented Search is based on One Man Searches

The word “Oriented” comes from the fact that the Oriented man must remain aware of his whereabouts and the conditions around him

The Searcher must be aware of where he is.

The first thing in conducting a One Person Search is determining the number of walls in a Room and the Direction of Search

Slide22

Walls

Learn how to count them!Slide23

Search PatternsSlide24

Search PatternsSlide25

Search Patterns

Rooms Within

a Room!Slide26

Search Patterns

Odd Shaped Rooms!Slide27

Oriented Search vs.

Modified Oriented Search

Only One Oriented Person

and up to Three Searchers.

Used when Search Area / Rooms are Small and Communications

are Effective.Advantage – Faster Search – More rooms

covered at same timeSlide28

Oriented Search vs.

Modified Oriented Search

Teams of Two with One Oriented Man and One Searcher.

Used when Search Area is Larger.

Advantage – If distances are great , Communication is improved.Slide29

The Incident Commander&

The Search OfficerSlide30

Command Officer Responsibilities

The Incident Commander Should Prioritize When Search Operations Are to BeginSlide31

Search Officer Responsibilities

The Search Officers Hands Should Not Be Sweeping Under Beds and in Bath-tubs.

IMS and All Tasks on the fire ground Should Be Based on “Focus”.

The Command Officers Task Is to Focus on the Incident!

The Search Officers Should Focus on the Search. Slide32

Search Strategy

There Are Two Basic Search Strategies

Primary Search

Secondary Search

The Difference Between the Two Is the Condition of the Possible Victims That You Are Looking for.Slide33

Search Strategy

A Rapid Systematic Search to Locate Savable Victims.

There Is Always a Logical Place to Start and a Logical Place to Stop a Primary Search.

There Is Also a Time Frame Beyond Which Search Should Not (or Need Not) Be Conducted Any More.

A Slow Methodical Search to Look for and Locate Dead

Victims.Slide34

Where to start and stop the search

How to get in

Finding the way up if required

Reading The Building For Search

D/O Berg says “Choose the right tool for interior search.”

Almost 6’

12’Slide35

The Rule Is:

Normally Start the Search As Close to the Fire As Possible, Where Savable Victims Could Be and Then Work Out and up From There.The Exception to This Is When The Fire Is on the First Floor and the Time Indicates That Savable Victims Are Abov

e

the Fire or

Night Time Fires in Two Story Homes.Where to Search First

The First Task in Search Is to Determine Where to Search First and Where to Search Last.Slide36

The Way Into A Building

Under Most Circumstances, Search Should Follow the Hose Line Into the Building.

Normally Attack Is Assigned First

Assure a Line Between the Fire and the Search TeamSlide37

The Way Into A Building

Once in - Where Will We Start.

Conditions Dictate We Start Near the Fire.

Follow Line in and up to Attack Crew and Work Back and up (If Applicable)

Conditions Dictate We Start Above the Fire.

Locate the Stairway If Possible From OutsideFollow Line inFind the StairsSlide38

Reading The Building For Search

In a Two Story Home – the Location of the Stairs.

In a Ranch – the Bedrooms.

Business Establishments. Know Your Buildings.

Critical Factors

Ranch Style

2-Story StyleSlide39

How Long Is too long?!?Slide40

Primary Search Time Frame

There Is a Time Frame Beyond Which Search Should Not (or Need Not) Be Conducted Any Longer.

Human Physical Factors Apply

Moral Factors Apply

Common Sense AppliesSlide41

Primary Search Time Frame

Under IDLH (Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health) Conditions, a Primary Search should be conducted for no more than approximately 15 minutes.

That Is the Duration of 1 SCBA Bottle.

Humans Can Only Survive With 15% O

2

for 4 to 6 Minutes and at Temperatures of Less Than 180 Degrees. We Will Give Victims All the Benefit of the Doubt for 15 Minutes.

Search Officers Must Gauge Their Search With

This Maximum Time Frame in Mind.Slide42

Searching With a Hose LineSlide43

Searching a Multi-Family Structure

Apartments – Tenements

Work hallways.

Normally, no hose line or rope necessary.

“Rescue” group a must if occupied.Slide44

Searching a Multi-Family StructureSlide45

Searching a Multi-Family StructureSlide46

Searching Nursing HomesSlide47

Searching Restaurant / Night ClubsSlide48

Searching Restaurant / Night Clubs

Restaurants / Night Clubs / Bars;

Hose line is recommended.

Rope lines are difficult to control and may get “stuck” on furnishings.

Try not to “throw” chairs and tables around. Keep an orderly search area.Slide49

Searching Commercial Occupancies

Oriented man stays with the “oriented point” (whatever that is) except to take quick “sorties” to check the fire or to check searchers (rooms off of rooms).

Oriented point should be constant and non-movable if at all possible.Slide50

Do you see the down firefighter in this image?

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Presentation shared by Snohomish County Fire District 7