FOREST SERVICE INFORMATION Maryland Department of Natura l Resources Forest Service TreeofHeaven - PDF document

Maryland Department of Natural Resources - Forest Service Philip D. Pannill ster, Western Region Tree-of-heaven (), also known as ailanthus, s y re-sproutin g from the stump or root collar. These sprouts can g row at tremendous rates; 10-15 feet per y ear are Prescribed Burning Controlled burning of infested fields or foor negative effects. By -heaven, fire would act in much the saabove would apply. Burning during the summer, as for pine site preparation, would be more may kill the thin bark on tree-of-heaven, retard sprouting and suckering. Site preparation burning would remove most of the tree-of-heaven seeds in the leaf litter, but would create an ideal seedbed for any new seed from nearby sources. Cattle, sheep, goats, and deer will all eat tree-of-heaven under the right circumst p referred food for any of them. It has been reported that goats wfeed mostly on the leaves during summer. In forested areas most of the tree-of-heaven within their reach. Where livestock grazing pressure is heavy and if suckers and sprouts are not growing back at tremendous rates, control of new growth may be adequate. Biological Control diseases affect tree-of-heaven in a minor way. They seem to cause serious damage only when the tree is weakened by some serious stress such as old age, drought, or herbicide damage. Any new insect or disease that may ven would most likely be found in centra eaven control with varying degrees of suproper application, timing, and rate are important for good results. Table 1 at the rear of this publication provides recommendations for the use of different heSprayed onto the leaves and twigs. ThisSprayed onto the bark around the base of small trees. This is referred to as basal bark spraying. Sprayed or brushed on a freshly cut stump. Sprayed or brushed in spaced or connected wounds through the bark around the trunk. All of these methods have advantages in certain circumstances, and all can be an effective part of tree-of-heaven control. No one herbicide or method is going to be 100% eMany herbicides, properly applied, will kill the above ground portion of tree-of-heavedo not do a good job of preventing sprouting from the stump or base of the tree, and many do not effectively prevent root other consideration is that ct adjacent desirable trees, so care in on is necessary. Even with these limitations, herbicidof tree-of-heaven available. foliar spraying the herbicide is mixed with water and a small amount of non-ionic surfactant that helps the spray to aves and green shoots should be thoroughly weshould be used for control of any sprouts or suckers that may arfrom contacting the foliage of nearby desirable trees. Basal bark spray treatment is effective for treating trees up to 4 inches in diameter. Usually, the herbicide is mixed with fuel oil, kerosene, or mineral oil and sprayed onto the lower 12runoff (low-volume basal). The thin bark of young tree-of-heave, but appears to work better in the late winter and during the summer, with summer being the most effective time. There is less likelihood that spray will contact other plants, but heavy traffect other trees through soil activity. Any sprouting or suckering which occurs after the top of the tree is killed should befoliar spra y ed. Prepared 12/95, Revised 10/00. Phil Pannill, Md. DNR-Forest Service, 1260 MaMD 21740. (301) 791-4010. Email: Different Application Techniques Chemical and Product Rate Timing (in MD) Potential Soil Activity Foliar Spray (spray to wet) Banvel + 2,4-D amine 1% each June 1 - Sept. 15 Yes Vanquish + 2,4,D amine 1% June 1 - Sept. 15 Yes Accord 2% July 1 - Sept. 30 No Arsenal AC 0.5% July 1 - Sept. 30 Yes Ally or Escort gallons June 1 - Sept. 30 Yes Garlon 3A 1.5 - 2 % June 1 - Sept. 15 Slight Garlon 4 1 - 1.5% June 1 - Sept. 15 Slight 1.5 - 2% June 1 - Sept. 15 Slight Basal Bark Spray Chopper or Stalker 6 - 10% w/oil Summer or late winter Yes Garlon 4 10 - 20% w/oil Summer or late winter Slight Pathfinder II 100% Summer or late winter Slight frill or girdle, injection) Year-round, best June-Oct. Yes Vanquish Year-round, best June-Oct. Yes Arsenal AC 4.5% Summer Yes Chopper or Stalker 10% June - Oct. Yes Tordon RTU or Pathway 100% Year-round, summer best Garlon 3A 100% Year-round, summer best Slight