HOW TO GET A CERTIFICATE - PowerPoint Presentation

1. HOW TO GET A CERTIFICATE

2. Chemical and lab safetyPrinciples and PracticesJocelyn LockeCHO, Chemical and Lab Safety Program ManagerEnvironmental Health and Safety

3. Where to find usBenson School, 226 Bull St, Rm 306sc.edu/ehs/Research & Laboratory Safety/Chemical & Lab Safety

4. What we do Chemical and Lab Safety Program servicesSafety trainingLab safety inspectionFume hood certificationHazard and risk assessmentSOP review, approval for high-risk chemicals and processesLab construction plan reviewCode review for compliance to lab safety standards and regulationsIncident/accident investigationOther consultation (new laboratory, lab and equipment decommissioning, minors and volunteers)Policies, procedures, and practices for safe work in the laboratory

5. Why attend this training?

6. Required trainings

7. Why we trainCommitmentResponsibility Regulatory RequirementCFR Title 29 Part 1910.1450 Occupational exposure to hazardous chemicals in laboratories. (OSHA Laboratory Standard)1910.1450(f)(1) The employer shall provide employees with information and training to ensure that they are apprised of the hazards of chemicals present in their work area.

8. Learning objectives Importance of laboratory safetyRAMP method of managing lab hazards and risksHHCP and Standard Operating ProceduresSafe handling of chemicals, wastes, BSL-1 biohazardsAccidents and lessons learned

9. How important is lab safety or is it?

10. USC/EH&SDepartmentPrincipal InvestigatorLab ManagerCo-workerYouA collaborative responsibilityYour SafetySafety culture, Safety programSupport safety program, Reinforce safety cultureSafety expectation and guidelinesSupervision, training, safety equipment availability /useDelegated responsibilities,Safety equipment maintenance, DocumentationFollow guidelines, policies, work practicesnot create additional hazardFollow guidelines, policies, work practicesNot create additional hazardReport incidents, near misses, unsafe conditions

11. report incidents, near misses, unsafe conditions

12. What happens if we fail to fulfill our responsibilities and commitment to safety?

13. Accidents can happen, with serious consequences. 3/16/2016 Explosion at U of HawaiiInfrastructure damage - $716,000 Equipment losses - $60-100,000 UCCLS investigation - $88,000Other costs?1.2.3.

14. Other consequences Medical billsLitigationLost timeLost opportunityPublic image

15. Worst consequence – loss of life Clarence M. Dally,1904, New Jersey, blower at Thomas Edison's Menlo Park lab, is the first person known to have died from x-ray exposure.  Severely burned in 1896, he still works with x-rays until 1898.  His death in 1904 causes Edison to discontinue radiation work in his lab.Unknown, 1940, Illinois, Graduate student killed in explosion of chemicals stored in a household refrigerator.Sam Ruben, 1943, died due to a lab experiment at Univ. Cal/Berkeley.  Pioneer in the techniques leading up to the discovery of the first known "dark reaction" of photosynthesis, now known as the Calvin Cycle.Ray Kemp, 1968-69, Columbus, OH, Ohio State University, Potassium cyanide poisoning.Unknown, 1980, Boston, MA, University of Massachusetts female student dies drinking water from a lab faucet in a “clean” beaker.Unknown, 1996, New York City, Discarded hydrofluoric acid kills sanitation worker.Sheri Sangji, 2009, UCLA, T-butyl lithium fire.Michelle Dufault, 2011, Yale University, Chemistry Department, lathe.Unknown, 2022, Isfahan Province, Iran. One person died and one was injured in a fire that broke out in the chemical laboratory of the Isfahan Industrial University

16. Other consequence – finesOSHA – Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA Lab Standard 29 CFR 1910.1450)SC DHEC – Department of Health and Environmental ControlEPA – Environmental Protection AgencyNIH – National Institutes of HealthUS NRC – Nuclear Regulatory CommissionOthers: DHS, DEA, USDA, FDA, DOD

17. How do we manage lab hazards (risks)?

18. Safety does not happen by accident.Laboratory is a place of hazards (risks)Accidents happen; accidents are preventable pr Accident/Injury = Env x Person x Emergency ResponseEvery lab/task, must have a safety plan

19. Definitions

20. Hazard, Risk, Control

21. The RAMP METHOD of MANAGING LAB RISKSMinimal or no consequence? ? ?L3L3L1InjuryDecreasing risk

22. 1. RECOGNIZE HAzardsChemicals (carcinogen, toxic compounds, mutagen, reproductive toxin) Biological agentsRadioactiveChemicals (flammable, reactive explosive, corrosive oxidizer, cryogen, compressed gases) Equipmentlaser, high voltage UV, autoclaveCentrifuge, pressurized systems)Heat sourcesElectricalFireTrips/Slips/FallsSharpsChemical pollutants (air, water)Biological, EcologicalrdnaGMOsInvasive sp.Work ConditionsHeavy metalsCO, HFCH4BenzeneA hazardous agent can pose one or more type of risks.

23. Hazard CommunicationSignages, notices, warning labels (combines words and pictograms)room doorsequipmentchemical containerschemical cabinetsDocumentsLab Chemical Hygiene Plan and Safety Manualchemical inventorysafety data sheets (SDS)equipment operation manualsTraining general/awareness lab-specific

24. Pictogram – an image that conveys its meaning through its resemblance to a physical object.

25. Hazard Pictograms

26. Hazard Pictograms

27. Hazard Pictograms

28. Laboratory Hazard Notice

29. OLDER Lab Hazard Notice

30. Chemical Hazard Labeling systemNFPA – National Fire Protection AssociationGHS – Globally Harmonized System

31. National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)

32. Which chemical is a health hazard, a flammable hazard? an explosion hazard?

33. Globally Harmonized System (GHS)Standardized 9 pictograms representing 1 or more hazard classescategory 1 - most hazardous category 4 - least hazardous signal words: warning and dangerrequired info on container labelSDS format – 16 sections

34. CarcinogenMutagenicityReproductive ToxicityRespiratory SensitizerTarget Organ ToxicityAspiration ToxicityIrritant (skin and eye)Skin SensitizerAcute Toxicity (harmful)Narcotic EffectsRespiratory Tract IrritantHazardous to Ozone Layer (Non-Mandatory)FlammablesPyrophoricsSelf-heatingEmits Flammable GasSelf-ReactivesOrganic PeroxidesGases Under PressureSkin Corrosion/BurnsEye DamageCorrosive to MetalsExplosivesSelf-reactivesOrganic PeroxidesOxidizersAquatic Toxicity(Non-Mandatory)Acute Toxicity (fatal or toxic)GHS Pictograms

35. GHS-compliant label

36. Read container labels and safety data sheet.Safety Data Sheet format and contentChemical product and company IDHazards ID – Hazard Classes, Category Ratings, Hazard StatementsComposition, info on ingredientsFirst-aid measuresFire-fighting measuresAccidental release measuresHandling and storageExposure controls/personal protection – Permissible Exposure Limits Physical and chemical propertiesStability and reactivityToxicological informationEcological informationDisposal considerationsTransport informationRegulatory informationOther information

37. Type of ChemicalsHazardsExamplesCorrosive Category 1 DANGER!Tissue burnsstrong acids (HF) and caustic basesStrong Oxidizers Explosive reactionsNitric acid, nitrates, perchloratesFlammablesFirepropane, H2, sodium, lithium(Acutely)ToxicDeath, health effectscyanides, dimethyl mercury, uranyl compoundsPyrophoricFiretert-butyl lithium, P, TiCl2Water ReactiveFormation of flammable, toxic gasSodium dithionite (H2S, SO2), sodium cyanide (HCN)Compressed Gases Heavy weight, high pressure, toxicityNO, H2S, NH3Carcinogenic, mutagenic, teratogenicCancer-causingDNA effectsEffect on fetusPhenol, benzene, formaldehyde, asbestos, arsenicCryogensExtreme low temperature, tissue burnNH3, N2 aq, HeaqKnow and recognize highly hazardous substances.

38. The RAMP METHOD of MANAGING LAB RISKSMinimal or no consequence? ? ?L3L3L1InjuryDecreasing risk

39. 2. ASSESS RISKS FROM Hazards(Qualitative RISK ASSESSMENT)

40. What is an SOP?

41. The RAMP METHOD of MANAGING LAB RISKSMinimal or no consequence? ? ?L3L3L1InjuryDecreasing risk

42. 3. MINIMIZE risks FROM THE HAZARDSHAZARD CONSEQUENCEMost effectiveLeast effectiveRemove, replace, reduce Isolate people or hazardChange work practiceProtect personMinimize consequenceRISK Implement controls in the order of the hierarchy (top to bottom) and with redundancy as much as possible.

43. Engineering controls

44. Administrative controlsRegulations, restrictions, requirements, rulesPersonnel training Prior approval for high-hazard activitiesDesignating work areas ; restricting accessFollowing SOPsFollowing safe practicesCompliance to University, State and Federal safety regulations EH&S provides safety and compliance oversight through consultations, lab inspection

45. Work practice and hygiene (universal precautions)Wear proper lab attire (includes full coverage shoes and clothing; no dangling accessories; flame-resistant clothing as needed)Wear safety glasses and a lab coat at the minimumRemove PPEs (proper removal technique) when leaving lab areahandling items that you or others normally handle without PPEsWash handsDo not eat or drink in the laboratoryDesignate, label appliances and household-type itemsPractice good housekeepingPractice buddy systemProtect unattended operations: long-term procedures that use flowing gas, pressure, vacuum, running water, heating equipment, othersAcknowledge personal limitations

46. Personal protective equipment PPE provides a barrier against chemical entryChemical exposure through absorption, injection, ingestion, and inhalationMust be available, appropriate, assigned, maintained, and always used.Wearing inappropriate PPE can be worse than not wearing oneRespirator allowed only when engineering control cannot eliminate inhalation hazard – required participation in Respiratory Protection Program

47. Select appropriate PPE.

48. The RAMP METHOD of MANAGING LAB RISKSMinimal or no consequence? ? ?L3L3L1InjuryDecreasing risk

49. 4. Prepare for emergencies

50. safety equipment in the lab

51. PROCEDURES: What to do if…A Chemical SpillsDetermine if it is a “major” or “minor” spill. A minor spill is one that is contained (e.g., inside fume hood, biosafety cabinet) or small enough that it can be cleaned up safely with the spill kit available and where no special personal protection (e.g. respirator, chemical-resistant suit) is required. Assist anyone who may have been contaminated or injured during the spill.If a minor spill, clean up spill using your spill kit. If a major spill, contain spill with appropriate absorbent, only if it can be done safely (i.e., spill does not pose an inhalation hazard).Call USC Police (803) 777-4215 and EH&S (803) 422-2122 for major spills and spills with mercury or hydrofluoric acid (HF). Call 911 for all life-threatening emergencies.Post “Hazardous Chemical Spill, DO NOT ENTER” on entrance door and evacuate the area. Do not re-enter until Emergency Responders have declared the building and lab safe for reentry.Your Eyes and/or Skin were Splashed with ChemicalsProceed to the nearest emergency shower or eyewash. Pull the safety shower lever to start the water flowing. For eyewashes, push lever to start the water flowing.Wash off contaminants from your eyes by holding your eyes open to get the water under your eyelids.Remove all contaminated clothing and shoes to effectively wash off skin contaminants.Stay under the water for at least 15 min to wash off contaminant. For HF exposure: wash HF off for 5 minutes, then start to massage liberal amount of calcium gluconate gel to affected area. Reapply every 15 minutes until Emergency Responders arrive. Proceed immediately to the Center for Health and Well-being or the nearest Emergency Room for medical treatment. Provide the Safety Data Sheet of the chemical involved. NOTE: For employees injured on the job, you and your Supervisor must call CompEndium 877-709-2667 to initiate medical treatment.

52. What to do if…Your clothing catches on fireCover your face with your hands.“STOP, DROP and ROLL”. (If someone is on fire, instruct the person to drop to the ground and to roll back and forth).NOTE: Never use a fire extinguisher on a person. Use safety shower only if it is in the immediate vicinity of the person.Fume hood ventilation fails while working with volatile hazardous chemicalsClose the fume hood sash.Advise lab occupants and neighboring labs to evacuate the area.Post “DO NOT ENTER, Contaminated Area” on entrance door.Call EH&S (803) 803-240-2992 or USC Police Department after office hours (803) 777-4215 to have the air contamination evaluated.Call Facilities (803) 777-9675 to arrange for fume hood repair.Call EH&S (803) 351-9874 to have the fume hood re-certified after the repair is completed. 

53. LIFE-THREATHENING emergencIESCall 911.Information to give dispatch:your name and phone numberlocation of incident – know your address. Inform dispatch you are calling from USC.chemical involved, if knownperson and location of injured, if anyCall USC Police Department (803) 777-4215USC PD will send a first responder within 5 minutes while the City of Columbia Emergency Responders are en route. IF NEEDING TO EVACUATE THE BUILDINGPull a nearby fire alarm.Exit the building using the nearest stairway.Proceed to the designated assembly point.

54. MANAGING chemicals safelyMaintain original container label. Add label to containers with prepared solutions, mixtures, aliquotsSerious consequences: improper handling, unintended chemical reactions, unknown waste2. Store in appropriate cabinets, below shoulder level, not on the floor3. Segregate incompatible chemicals, then alphabetize. Incompatible chemicals react violently, or produce heat and other hazardous products such as flammable or toxic gases4. Use in a functioning fume hood5. Always wear PPE6. Transport chemicals using transport carts/carriers and following guidelines7. Dispose waste according to University policy8. Keep laboratory room secure. Report suspicious incidents.Isopropanol, 30%FLAMMABLE12/25/98Jocelyn Locke

55. OrganicCorrosiveFlammableOxidizerToxicPyrophoricCHEMICAL INVENTORYOrganic #2Organic #8Organic #3Organic #6Organic #4Organic #1Organic #5MiscOrganic #7MiscInorganic #10Inorganic #2Inorganic #3Inorganic #1Inorganic #4Inorganic #7Inorganic #5Inorganic #8Inorganic #6MiscPOISON/ToxicFlammable Organic #2Flammable Organic #3Flammable Organic #4Acid cabinetInorganic #9POISON/ToxicFlammable Inorganic #1OrganicInorganicLiquidGasSolidInorganicSimple Asphyxiant

56. InorganicsInorganic #10Arsenic, Phosphorus, Phosphorus Pentoxide, SulfurInorganic #7Arsenates, cyanates, cyanides STORE AWAY FROM WATERInorganic #2Halides, Halogens, Phosphates, Sulfates, Sulfites, ThiosulfatesInorganic #5Carbides, Nitrides, Phosphides, Selenides, SulfidesInorganic #3Amides, Azides, Nitrates, Nitrites EXCEPT AMMONIUM NITRATE- STORE this AWAY from all other substancesInorganic #8Borates, Chromates, Manganates, PermanganatesInorganic #1Hydrides, Metals STORE AWAY FROM WATER, IN DEDICATED FLAMMABLE CABINETInorganic #6Chlorates, Chlorites, Hypochlorites, Hydrogen peroxide, Perchlorates, Perchloric acid, PeroxidesInorganic #4Carbon, Carbonates, Hydroxides, Oxides, SilicatesMiscellaneousOrganicsOrganic #2Alcohols, Amides, Amines, Imides, Imines, Glycols STORE FLAMMABLES IN DEDICATED CABINETOrganic #8Cresols, PhenolOrganic #3Aldehydes, esters, hydrocarbons STORE FLAMMABLES IN DEDICATED CABINETOrganic #6Azides, hydroperoxides, peroxidesOrganic #4Ethers, Ethylene oxide, Halogenated hydrocarbons, Ketenes, Ketones STORE FLAMMABLES IN DEDICATED CABINETOrganic #1Acids, Anhydrides, Peracids STORE CERTAIN ORGAINC ACIDS IN ACID CABINETOrganic #5Epoxy compounds, IsocyanatesMiscellaneousOrganic #7Nitriles, Polysulfides, Sulfides, Sulfoxides, etc.MiscellaneousSource: NIOSH High School Chemistry Laboratory Safety Guide ACID STORAGE CABINET- Acids except nitric acid, store nitric acid away from other acids unless the cabinet has separate compartment for nitric acid.POISON STORAGE CABINETToxic substancesFLAMMABLE STORAGE CABINETFlammable Organic #2Alcohols, Glycols, EtcFlammable Organic #3Hydrocarbons, Esters, EtcFlammable Organic #4Ethers, EtcBASE STORAGE CABINETPOISON STORAGE CABINETToxic substances

57. Chemical fume hoodcontain, capture and eliminate chemical contaminantsnever obstruct normal airflow pattern

58. Safe use of fume hood

59. Keep fume hood clutter-free.

60. Lower sash to minimum height.

61. Place materials 6 inches or more from the edge.

62. Use appropriate chemical storage equipment.Refrigerator for non-flammables Flammable-safe refrigerator

63. Secure compressed gas cylinders.http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mReuQCuJNQQ

64. Gas regulatorIntact labelTransport cartGas cabinetGas sensorStore, (label), transport, dispense gases properly; special requirements for hazardous gases.

65. Dispose of hazardous waste according to RCRA.Strict guidelines (fines) - 99% of the time, chemicals are hazardous (corrosive, flammable, toxic, reactive) by EPA regulationwaste container should always be closed/sealedlabel with full chemical name/sIdentify characteristic of the waste (corrosive, flammable, toxic, reactive)mix only compatible chemicalsuse only compatible containersstore in designated area, point of generationschedule pick-up on-lineAnnual Hazardous Waste Training http://ehs.sc.edu/training/SAFETYCLASS.pdf

66. Dispose of other wastes according to UofSC policies.https://sc.edu/about/offices_and_divisions/ehs/research_and_laboratory_safety/chemical_and_lab_safety/waste_disposal/index.php

67. Collect, store, dispose of broken glass appropriately.Hazardous Waste with Broken Glass“Clean”Broken GlassEH&SDumpsterBox lined with heavy duty plastic bagBucket lined with heavy duty plastic bag

68. Keep your LAB SECUREAuthorized personnel onlyKeep doors locked when no one is in the roomReport suspicious activities (missing samples, chemicals, etc. or chemicals, samples appearing out of nowhere)

69. Biosafety ContainmentWell-characterized agents not known to consistently cause disease in healthy adult humans- minimal potential hazarde.g. non-pathogenic E. coli, bacillus subtilisDangerous and exotic agents that pose a high individual risk of aerosol-transmitted laboratory infections and life-threatening disease that is frequently fatal, for which there are no vaccines or treatments, or a related agent with unknown risk of transmission

70. Lab Facilities

71. Standard Microbiological Practices

72. Sterilization of Wastes and Work AreasNote: DO NOT use autoclave unless trained Detailed guidelines @ http://ehs.sc.edu/biosafety/autoclave%20safety%20policy.pdf vessels uncapped or loosely cappedlonger time for large loadsno excessive amount of liquid

73. BSL-1 Biological Waste Disposal

74. BSL-1 Sharps Disposal

75. Lab Incident with liquid nitrogen

76. Lab Incident with exploded Glass

77. Lab Incident with magnets

78. Lab Incident with chemical exposure

79. Bromoacetic acid Safety Data Sheet

80. Lab Incident with incompatible wastes

81. HOW TO GET A CERTIFICATE