an Alternate Forage Option Dr Mike Hutjens Dairy Extension Specialist University of Illinois at UrbanaChampaign Jim Baltz Instructional Design Specialist Learn Objective The growing and feeding of a fall cereal grain can be a viable forage resource ID: 287605
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Fall Oats an Alternate Forage Option
Dr. Mike Hutjens
Dairy Extension Specialist
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Jim Baltz
Instructional Design SpecialistSlide2
Learn ObjectiveThe growing and feeding of a fall cereal grain can be a viable forage resourceWith drought concerns in 2012,. fall oats can be an emergeny forage crop of dairy cattle.Guideline on growing and harvesting oat silage will be presented.Slide3
We still have time,but make the yourdecision now!Slide4
Fall Oat Forage Selection Maturity rating is important Early-seasonMid-seasonLate-seasonSlide5
When to Plant Fall Oats?Mid to Late JulyUse forage-type cultivar (such as ForagePlus
Oats)Late Planting: Beyond 1st week of AugustConsider using earlier-maturing
, grain-type cultivarsSlide6
Key Factor To ConsiderBe aware of the potential for herbicide carryover
Availability of oat seedRain and soil moisture statusEarly freeze vs. an adequate growing periodSlide7
Average Illinois Precipitation in InchesSlide8
Illinois WeatherMedian Date of 28°F
FreezeBased on 1981-2010 Averages
Oct 1 to 10Oct 11 to 20Oct 21 to 31Nov 1 to 10Slide9Slide10
Late Planted Oats: 12 August
Fall-Grown Oat Forages: Cultivars, Planting Dates, and Expected Yields by Wayne
Coblentz and Mike Bertram, University of Wisconsin Forage TeamYields of DM for four oat cultivars planted on about 12 August; data represent 2-year means from a study conducted at Prairie du Sac, WI (Coblentz and Walgenbach, 2010).Slide11
Yields of four oat cultivars planted on July 15 and August 1
Fall-Grown Oat Forages: Cultivars, Planting Dates, and Expected Yields by Wayne
Coblentz and Mike Bertram, University of Wisconsin Forage TeamData represent 3-year means from a study conducted at Marshfield, WI (Coblentz et al., 2011). Dane, Ogle, and Vista are grain-type cultivars that have early, mid, and late maturity ratings, respectively. ForagePlus is a forage-type cultivar that matures more slowly than Vista.Slide12
Oats vs Wheat
Yield comparisons of (2) winter wheat and (4) oat cultivars across three harvest dates during 2006-2007 at Prairie du Sac, WI (
Coblentz and Walgenbach, 2010). Cultivars were established on 11 August 2006 and 13 August 2007.Fall-Grown Oat Forages: Cultivars, Planting Dates, and Expected Yields by Wayne Coblentz and Mike Bertram, University of Wisconsin Forage TeamSlide13
Standing DM
Concentrations
Standing DM concentrations for fall-grown oat forages harvested on 5 dates throughout the fall at Marshfield, WI (Coblentz et al., 2011). All forages were planted on August 1, and means represent 3-year averages. The red horizontal line (▬▬) represents the minimum concentration of DM for satisfactory silage fermentation (30%). Fall-Grown Oat Forages: Cultivars, Planting Dates, and Expected Yields by Wayne Coblentz and Mike Bertram, University of Wisconsin Forage TeamSlide14
Concentrations of NDF from oat forages planted on August 1 and harvested on five dates throughout the fall at Marshfield, WI (
Coblentz et al., 2012).
Fall-Grown Oat Forages: Unique Quality Characteristics by Wayne Coblentz and Mike Bertram, University of Wisconsin Forage TeamSlide15
Fiber composition of selected cereal-grain forages (NRC, 2001)
Forage NDF ADF Lignin Lignin
(Headed) ------------- % of DM ------------- % of NDFOat silage 60.6 38.9 5.5 9.1Barley silage 56.3 34.5 5.6 9.9Triticale silage 59.7 39.6 5.8 9.7Wheat silage 59.9 37.6 5.8 9.7Slide16
Nutrient Comparison (NRC, 2001)
%DM %
CP %ADF %TDNCorn Silage 35 8.8 28.1 68.8Oatlage 35 12.9 38.9 56.8Haylage 39 20.0 37.0 56.6 Oat Hay 92 9.1 36.4 55.9Hay 88 20.2 31.2 58.9Slide17
Take Home MessagesSeed 3 bushels per acre in a “good” seed bedPlant a grain type, early season oat in mid August Harvest in the boot stage
2 to 3 tons of dry matter per acre with high levels of sugar possibleWilting of the silage may be needed (>30% DM)Add an inoculant to improve fermentationSlide18
Check out our online dairy courses at http://online.ansci.illinois.edu/
and Illini DairyNET at http://www.livestocktrail.illinois.edu/dairynet/
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Dr. Mike Hutjens
Dairy Extension Specialist
Jim Baltz
Instructional Design Specialist