PPT-Software Operating systems

J Holvikivi 2013 Software Categories System Software Application Software The Operating System Operating System GUI Operating Systems 2 4 Algorithms basis of software A sequence of steps that directs the execution of a task. 1. 7. Physical Memory. 7.1 Preparing a Program for Execution . Program Transformations . Logical-to-Physical Address Binding. 7.2 Memory Partitioning Schemes. Fixed Partitions . Variable Partitions. 1. 11. I/O Systems. 11.1 Basic Issues in Device Management. 11.2 A Hierarchical Model. 11.3 I/O Devices. 11.4 Device Drivers. Memory-Mapped . vs. Explicit Device Interfaces . Programmed I/O with Polling . 1. 4. The OS Kernel. 4.1 Kernel Definitions and Objects. 4.2 Queue Structures. 4.3 Threads. 4.4 Implementing Processes and Threads. Process and Thread Descriptors. Implementing the Operations. 4.5 Implementing Synchronization and Communication Mechanisms. 1. 5. Process and thread scheduling. 5.1 Organization of Schedulers . Embedded and Autonomous Schedulers . . 5.2 Scheduling Methods . A Framework for Scheduling . Common Scheduling Algorithms . Sig Freund. CSC 8320 Fall . 2008. rfreund1@student.gsu.edu. Transparency in Distributed Operating Systems. Evolution of Modern Operating Systems. Centralized operating system. +network access and resource sharing. Seventh Edition. Chapter 1. Introducing Operating Systems. Understanding Operating Systems, 7e. What . I. s. an Operating System?. Computer system. Software (programs). Hardware (tangible machine/electronic components). Dr. Atif Azad. Atif.azad@ul.ie. 1. Example: What’s in a Search Query?. Complex interaction of multiple components in multiple administrative . domains. Systems, services, protocols, …. Datacenter. Overview. This chapter covers:. Differences between system software and application software. Functions of and . general differences between operating . systems. Specific operating systems most widely used today. Chapter Contents. Section A: Operating System Basics. Section B: Today’s Operating Systems. Section C: File Basics. Section D: File Management. Section E: Backup Security. Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management. Keywords. System . Software, Operating . System (. OS), Virtual Machine, Utility Programs, Device Drivers, . Multitasking, Time Slice, Processor . Management, User Interface, Graphical . User . Interface, Command . Development of Computers. 1. st. Generation computers (1940-1956). Used vacuum tubes.. Vacuum tubes are electronic devices that control the flow of electrons.. Had no operating systems – the user programmed the computer by physically entering the computer and programming by hand. The programs that control and maintain the operation of the computer and its devices. The two parts of system software are the Operating System (OS) and utility programs.. Operating system (OS) (sometimes called the platform) coordinates all activities among computer hardware resources, applications and the user.. Contents. Operating system. Windows. Apple. Linux. Operating System. Operating system – a program that runs on a computer and controls the hardware. Trend – strong graphical user interface . Users use a mouse to click on pictures or icons . Review: recall the difference between hardware and software (rigid vs. fluid) . Software, in essence, is a set of instructions that tell your computer’s hardware how to behave . OS (The Operating System) .