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The effects of tile drain input on a gaining stream: Using a thermal end member mixing The effects of tile drain input on a gaining stream: Using a thermal end member mixing

The effects of tile drain input on a gaining stream: Using a thermal end member mixing - PowerPoint Presentation

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The effects of tile drain input on a gaining stream: Using a thermal end member mixing - PPT Presentation

Zachary Kisfalusi Masters Thesis Research 100915 Overview Introduction Hypotheses Study Site Methods Results Discussion Conclusions Future Work Temperature An effective proxy to measure interactions ID: 728372

stream tile temperature drain tile stream drain temperature influence diversion input seasonal diurnal field constant due drains hyporheic groundwater

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Slide1

The effects of tile drain input on a gaining stream: Using a thermal end member mixing model and a statistical analysis approach

Zachary Kisfalusi

Master's Thesis Research

10/09/15Slide2

OverviewIntroductionHypothesesStudy SiteMethods

Results

Discussion

ConclusionsFuture WorkSlide3

Temperature An effective proxy to measure interactions (Baskaran et al., 2009,

Stonestrom

and Constantz, 2004)

Seasonal vs diurnal

variations

(Silliman and Booth, 1992; Peterson and Sickbert, 2006)Surface water experiences diurnal variations and large seasonal changeNear-surface GW is more constant with a muted and lagged effect from seasonal and diurnal alterationsSlide4

Agricultural settingLarge amounts of contaminant runoff from fertilizers Decoupled hydrologic cycle due to tile drains (Sickbert and Peterson, 2014)Tile drain inputs interfere and influence the water chemically and thermallySlide5

HypothesesThe thermal input from the tile-drain will have no effect on stream temperature.Though, during low frequency, high magnitude precipitation events, the tile drain input is expected to influence the stream temperature.Slide6

Study SiteT3 is a semi-natural, low-order gaining streamOne known direct tile drain inputThe reservoirs to be studied: GW aquifer to the east, the tile drain, upstream and downstream of inputSlide7

Tile diversion

zone east of stream for nitrate removal

Drains 65 acre

farm

Larger project to look at tile diversion

GW signature from 13 & 15 along with from diversion boxSlide8

MethodsTemperature 150 HOBO Pendant loggers spaced at every 50 cm in streamOne logger in each well (2 in riparian and 12 in hyporheic) and 1 in the tile directly

Record data every 15 minutes

Discharge

Velocity measured using a flow meter and the cross-sectional area of stream

Taken at 3 locations (Hyporheic wells)

Q

GW=

Q

out

-

Q

in-

Q

tileSlide9
Slide10

Time seriesConstant groundwater thermal signatureSampling dates visible by spikesLarge diurnal changes evident in stream temperatureWeather fronts evident

Tile is constant throughout summer

Noise at end due to composition of diversion boxSlide11

Stream correlation to tile flowTemperature data from Dec. 2014-Sept. 2015Tile warmer than stream in winter

Chaos in spring; 1:1 otherwise

Post-diversion has

1:1 ratio within an envelopeSuspected tile influenceSlide12

ConclusionsThermal signature of tile is more constant throughout dataset similar to groundwaterTile drain input does seem to have an effect on the temperature variance of the stream when comparing upstream to downstream between April and early JulySlide13

Future workPull data loggers in DecemberQuantify hyporheic exchange, groundwater influence on stream, using HZ temperature loggersPerform a statistical analysis on datasetInterpret full dataset for seasonal changes on stream due to tile flowDetermine if mass or variance in temperature play a larger role in the influence of tile drains on streamsSlide14

AcknowledgementsPrimary Advisor – Dr. Eric W. PetersonThesis Committee – Dr. Catherine M. O’Reilly & Dr. Dagmar Budikova

Persaud

City of Bloomington - Richard

TwaitIllinois Groundwater Association, Geological Society of America, Illinois State Graduate School, and ISU Department of Geography-Geology Powell Club for financial support

Current and past graduate and undergraduate students of Illinois State University for assistance throughout the last year

Tamru

Taye for assistance in the field, conceptual model, and project collaborationEileen Maxwell for background dataKelly

Sanks and Tyler Rothschild for field support Many others for assistance in the field since December 2014-PresentSlide15

Thank you for your time.Questions?