Status of Lhc collimator material R&D - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

Status of Lhc collimator material R&D

Elena

Quaranta

Working Group on Advanced Collimator MaterialsJuly 21st 2014

BE

BEAM

DEPARTMENT

Slide2

Outline

Overview of present LHC collimator materials

Post LS1 secondary collimator: material R&D

Copper-Diamond compositeMolybdenum-Diamond composite

Molybdenum-Graphite composite

Review of the testsSummary

Slide3

Outline

Overview of present LHC collimator materials

Post LS1 secondary collimator: material R&D

Copper-Diamond composite

Molybdenum-Diamond composite

Molybdenum-Graphite compositeReview of the tests

Summary

Slide4

Materials for LHC collimatorsAdColMat

- 21/7/2014

Elena Quaranta4

CFC (AC-150-K)

R4550 graphite

Copper OFEInermet180

Molybdenum

Glidcop Al-15Silver-Diamond

Molybdenum-Copper-DiamondCopper-DiamondMolybdenum-GraphiteTungsten-Rhenium

Already used in collimators active jaw

Already used for collimators, but not in the active jaw

R&D

TCP/

TCS

TCDI

TCLP

TCT

-

-

TCP/

TCS

TCP/

TCS/TCT

TCP/

TCS

TCP/

TCS/TCTTCT

Type Material

Slide5

CFC AC-150KAdColMat

- 21/7/2014

Elena Quaranta5

Main limitations:

Currently used as TCPs and TCSGs active jaw material

Developed by

Tatsuno

(Japan)Composition :

Graphite flakesCarbon fibersDensity: 1.67 g/cm3

Poor electrical conductivity (0.18 MS/m)

RF Impedance induced beam perturbations

Limited Radiation Hardness

Reduced Lifetime for LHC operations

N

eed for replacing degraded Collimators

Slide6

Outline

Overview of present LHC collimator materials

Post LS1 secondary collimator: material R&D

Copper-Diamond composite

Molybdenum-Diamond composite

Molybdenum-Graphite compositeReview of the tests

Summary

Slide7

Collimator material R&D

R&D focused on

Metal Matrix Composites  combine the properties of Diamond and Graphite (

high k, low CTE

low r and)

with those of Metals (σel)

AgCD

and MoCD are limited by, respectively, low melting temperature and difficulty to produce in large size and machine.

CuCD

MoCD

AgCD

MoGr

AdColMat

- 21/7/2014

Elena Quaranta

7

Materials investigated

are:

Silver-Diamond

(

AgCD

)

Copper-Diamond

(

CuCD

)

Molybdenum

-Diamond

(

MoCD

)

Molybdenum-Copper-Diamond

(

MoCuCD

)

Molybdenum

-Graphite

(

MoGr

).

Slide8

Outline

Overview of present LHC collimator materials

Post LS1 secondary collimator: material R&D

Copper-Diamond composite

Molybdenum-Diamond composite

Molybdenum-Graphite compositeReview of the tests

Summary

Slide9

Composition

:

60%v diamonds (90% 100

µm, 10% 45 µm)39%v

Cu powder (45 µm)1%v B powder (5 µm)

Copper-Diamond composite

BC “bridge” stuck on CD surface.

No CD graphitization

Developed by

RHP-Technology (Austria)

No diamond degradation

Thermal (

~490 Wm

-1

K

-1

) and electrical conductivity (

~12.6 MSm

-1

)

No direct interface between Cu and CD (lack of affinity). Partial bonding bridging assured by Boron Carbides limits mechanical strength (

~120

MPa

).

Cu low melting point (

1083 °C) CTE increases significantly with T due to high Cu content (from ~6 ppmK-1

at RT up to ~12 ppmK-1 at 900 °C)AdColMat - 21/7/2014Elena Quaranta9

L

imitation for collimator!

Slide10

Outline

Overview of present LHC collimator materials

Post LS1 secondary collimator: material R&D

Copper-Diamond composite

Molybdenum-Diamond composite

Molybdenum-Graphite compositeReview of the tests

Summary

Slide11

Molybdenum-Diamond composite

AdColMat - 21/7/2014

Elena Quaranta11

Low

melting phase (Cu) limiting operational temperature

Poor thermal properties (k=155 W/mK)Expensive raw materials and difficult sample machining

Why adding

Mo? Thermal stability (low CTE), mechanical strength, good affinity with C.Composition

& main production parameters: 40%v synthetic diamonds (45 µm)25%v Cu powder (45 µm)

35%v Mo powder (5 µm)

Powders pre-cleaning under H

2

-N

2

atmosphere at

600°C

RHP: 30 min at 1200°C, 30

MPa

applied pressure, reducing H

2

-N

2

atmosphere at 10

-4 mbar

MoCuCD: co-developed by and (Italy) during 2010-2011.

Slide12

Outline

Overview of present LHC collimator materials

Post LS1 secondary collimator: material R&D

Copper-Diamond composite

Molybdenum-Diamond composite

Molybdenum-Graphite compositeReview of the tests

Summary

Slide13

MoGR

: co-developed by and (Italy) during 2011-2012

Molybdenum-Graphite composite

AdColMat - 21/7/2014

Elena Quaranta13

Why switching to

graphite

? Low CTELow

densityHigh thermal conductivity High melting (degradation) pointLower cost (with respect to diamond)

Use solid state r

eaction

to

obtain strong Mo

2

C-graphite

interfaces:

2Mo + C => Mo

2

C

Mo

2

C:

stable

, electrically conductive.

The high content of Mo2C and the low strength of graphite however are limiting the material robustness …

Slide14

MoGRCF

: co-developed by and (Italy) since 2012.

Molybdenum-Graphite composite

AdColMat - 21/7/2014

Elena Quaranta14

Advantages

of Carbon

Fibers

:Mechanical strengthThermal conductivityAlong with MoC1-x ,

catalyze graphitization process

Addition

of

mesophase

pitch-base

carbon

fibers

Liquid Phase Spark Plasma Sintering (>

2500°

C)

Slide15

MG: composition and production

AdColMat - 21/7/2014

Elena Quaranta15

Basic composition

& main production parameters:

40%v

natural

graphite flakes (Asbury)20%v short carbon fibers (300 µm

, Cytek DKD)20%v long carbon fibers (3 mm,

Granoc XN-100-03Z), blended20%v

Mo

powder (

5 µm

)

Powders pre-cleaning under H

2

-N

2

atmosphere

at

600°

C

RHP: complete melting of Mo

2C at ~2600°C, 35 MPa applied pressure (in steps), reducing H2-N2

atmosphere at 10-4 mbar.MG 5220S plateGraphite and molybdenum powder

Slide16

Outline

Overview of present LHC collimator materials

Post LS1 secondary collimator: material R&D

Copper-Diamond composite

Molybdenum-Diamond composite

Molybdenum-Graphite compositeReview of the tests

Summary

Slide17

Summary of the tests (1)AdColMat

- 21/7/2014

Elena Quaranta17

Characterization

AC-150KCuCD

MG 3110PThermo-physical properties

Density

LFA (cp, k, diffusivity)DIL (α)

EmissivityElectrical properties

Electrical conductivity(SigmaTest v2.069)

!! If interested,

d

o not hesitate to ask for the values!!

Slide18

Main results of the testsAdColMat - 21/7/2014

Elena Quaranta

18

Properties

CFC

CuCD

MoGr

r

[

g/cm

3

]

1.67

5.33

2.65

a

y,z

(RT

to 1200° C

)

[10

-6

K

-1

]-1.32

7.8

<1.3

a

x

(RT to 1200° C)

[

10

-6

K

-1

]

9

-

7.9

k

y,z

(RT)

[

W/

mK

]

220

490

>770

k

x

(RT)

[

W/

mK

]

55

-

85

s

y,z

(RT)

[

MS/m]

0.18

12.6

1.1

s

x

(RT)

[

MS/m]

0.04

-

0.3

Slide19

AdColMat - 21/7/2014Elena Quaranta

19

Characterization

AC-150K

CuCDMG 3110

PMechanical properties

Elastic matrix constants

Flexural strength (σfl) * * *

Compressive strength *Dynamic

Outgassing

On-going

Coating

-

-

Scheduled

Summary of the tests (II)

with

Hopkinson

bar

@

PoliTo

(Italy)

@

GrindoSonic

(Belgium)

Slide20

AdColMat - 21/7/2014Elena Quaranta

20

Characterization

AC-150K

CuCDMG-3110P

Irradiation30 MeV protons

(KI, Russia)

26 MeV C-ions (KI, Russia)200 MeV proton + spallation neutron (BNL, USA)

On-goingOn-goingU-ions (GSI, Germany)Au-ions (GSI, Germany)

On-goingOn-going

On-going

(on MG 5220S)

Summary of the tests (III)

Slide21

Beam time: 13

th

-23rd July

On-Line monitoring and Post-M

ortem analysis on CFC, CuCD and MG 5220S samples are ON-GOING to assess property degradation under Au ions irradiation.

EuCARD2 - WP11

:Collimator Materials for fast High Density Energy Deposition

.Au24+

irradiation at GSIAdColMat - 21/7/2014Elena Quaranta21

Many thanks to M. Tomut and GSI material research group

Slide22

Outline

Overview of present LHC collimator materials

Post LS1 secondary collimator: material R&D

Copper-Diamond composite

Molybdenum-Diamond composite

Molybdenum-Graphite compositeReview of the tests

Summary

Slide23

SummaryAdColMat

- 21/7/2014

Elena Quaranta23

Different materials investigated to

replace CFC active jaw of secondary collimators for system upgrade

CuCD and MoGRCF

are the most performing

materials so farSeveral tests (thermo-physical, mechanical, irradiation) performed/on going on present and possible future collimator materials

Slide24

Summary – what is still missing?AdColMat

- 21/7/2014

Elena Quaranta24

CFC

:EmissivityFlexural test (with strain gauges)

Dynamic testsCuCD

:

EmissivityFlexural test (with strain gauges)Dynamic testsElastic constantsCompressive strengthOutgassing

MoGr:Flexural test (with strain gauges)Dynamic testsElastic constantsCompressive strength

Slide25

Thank you

for your attention

Slide26

Backup slides

Slide27

AdColMat - 21/7/2014Elena Quaranta

27

Numero

Placca

ID

Stampo

%Vol Mo% Vol GR

%Vol Fibre Corte (CY)% Vol Fibre Lunghe (GRA)

%Vol

Altro

T (C)

t (s)

P (Mpa)

Atmosphere

Data

Densita’ Teorica (g/cm3)

Densita’ (g/cm3)

Compat-tazione

Cond

Elettrica

(MS/m)

Cond

Termica

(W/

mK)Resistenza a Flessione (MPa

)1MG-1220-A70x55 mm2060200022001200350.1 mbar, 97%-N2, 3% H2Jun-123.91213.6894.07%0.6124059

2

MG-1130-A70x55 mm

20

40

40

0

0

2200

1200

35

0.1 mbar, 97%-N

2

, 3% H

2

Jun-12

3.9121

3.65

93.30%

0.41

200

45

3

MG-1140-A

70x55 mm

20

40

20

20

0

2200

1200

35

0.1 mbar, 97%-N

2

, 3% H

2

Jun-12

3.9121

3.65

93.30%

0.98 (centro)

315

53

4

MG-1350-A

70x55 mm

20

20

30

30

0

2200

1200

35

0.1 mbar, 97%-N

2

, 3% H

2

Jun-12

3.9121

3.53

90.23%

0.3

200

37

4-Bis

MG-1360-A

70x55 mm

20

20

30

30 Separata

0

2200

1200

35

0.1 mbar, 97%-N

2

, 3% H

2

Jul-12

3.9121

3.73

95.35%

0.42

205

77.5

5

MG-1411-B

ø80H4

20

30

20

20 Separata

10% CD 3 µm

2200

1200

35

10

-3

mbar, vacuum

05/02/2013

3.8218

3.66

95.77%

0.27

139

49

6

MG-1571-B

ø80H4

20

50

0

20 Separata

10% CD 3 µm

2200

1200

35

10-3 mbar, vacuum

05/02/2013

3.8218

3.68

96.29%

0.41

187

43

7

MG-1280-B

ø80H4

20

60

0

18 Separata (+2% Si)

0

2200

1200

35

10-3 mbar, vacuum

05/02/2013

3.9463

3.7394.52%0.52

199

57

8

MG-1270-D

ø80H4

20

60

0

20 separata

0

2400

1200

35

-

-

3.9121

-

-

 

-

-

9

MG-1690-A

ø90H4

20

25

55

0

0

2200

1200

35

0.1 mbar, 97%-N

2

, 3% H

2

09/03/2013

3.9121

3.5186

89.94%

0.21

150

28.4

10

MG-1110-A

ø90H4

20

40

20

20 separata

0

2200

1200

35

0.1 mbar, 97%-N

2

, 3% H

2

09/03/2013

3.9121

3.6935

94.41%

1.1 centro, 0.5 lati

367

74.5

10/1

MG-1110-A

ø90H420402020 separata022001200350.1 mbar, 97%-N2, 3% H226/03/20133.91213.6994.32%0.52--10/2MG-1110-Aø90H420402020 separata022001200350.1 mbar, 97%-N2, 3% H226/03/20133.91213.7395.35%0.51--10/3MG-1110-Aø90H420402020 separata022001200350.1 mbar, 97%-N2, 3% H226/03/20133.91213.794.58%0.5--10/4MG-1110-Aø90H420402020 separata022001200350.1 mbar, 97%-N2, 3% H226/03/20133.91213.794.58%0.5245-10/5MG-1110-Cø90H420402020 separata023001200350.1 mbar, 97%-N2, 3% H212/04/20133.91213.7194.83%0.48--10/6MG-1110-Dø40H420402020 separata024001200350.1 mbar N213/04/20133.91213.7495.60%0.88 centro, 0.62 lati--10/7MG-1110-Eø90H420402020 separata024201200350.1 mbar N226/04/20133.91213.6894.07%0.99 centro, 0,5 lati--10/8MG-1110-Eø90H420402020 separata024201200350.1 mbar N226/04/20133.91213.6894.07%0.92 c, 0.5 lati--10/9MG-1110-Eø90H420402020 separata024201200350.1 mbar N226/04/20133.91213.6693.56%0.90 c, 0.5 l--10/10MG-2110-Fø90H420402020 separata025601200350.1 mbar N226/04/20133.91212.78*Mo2C flow out - No compaction available0.957207360mm-1MG-1110-Gø60H22.820402020 separata01692*1200350.1 mbar N206/10/20133.91213.7295.09%0.62706560mm-2MG-1110-Hø60H22.820402020 Separata01735 *1200350.1 mbar N231/10/20133.91213.897.13%0.7  60mm-3MG-1110-Jø60H22.120402020 Separata01775*1200350.1 mbar N205/11/20133.91213.7896.62%0.7125  60mm-4MG-1110-Kø60H22.520402020 Separata01805*1200350.1 mbar N213/11/20133.91213.7395.35%0.8  80mm-5MG-1110-Lø80H17.520402020 Separata01920*400350.1 mbar N229/11/20133.91213.525790.12%1.022 (parte fusa)--80mm-6MG-1110-Mø80H17.520402020 Separata0  350.1 mbar N205/12/20133.91213.692.02%1.005/0.9518085? mm-7MG-1110-N        350.1 mbar N3       90mm-8MG-1110-Pø90H5.520402020 Separata02000600350.1 mbar N403/02/20143.723.65 1.16/0.7  90mm-9MG-3110-Qø90H5.2520402020 Separata02005350350.1 mbar N505/02/20143.722.62Mo2C flow out - No compaction available1.00 (centro)/0.92(periferia) 8090mm-10MG-4110-Pø90H16.520402020 Separata0  350.1 mbar N507/02/20143.52.669 1.13(centro)/1.12(metà)/0.96(bordo)90 (from LFA @CERN)85

Many plates have been produced so far…

Standard ID to

identify them uniquely

!

Slide28

NomenclatureAdColMat

- 21/7/2014

Elena Quaranta28

MG # # # # A

M

aterial

C

omposition

Production cycle

Molybdenum

Graphite

%v Mo or Mo

2

C

(final)

# = 0…9 => each

digit corresponds to initial* component content in composite

*first digit correspond to: %v

in

Mo

if no melting

%

vfin Mo2C if melting with Mo2Cflow out%v Gr%v CF%v other elements(A…Z)Info about:Tcycletcyclepatmosphere

Slide29

Where to access the info…AdColMat

- 21/7/2014

Elena Quaranta29

DFS folder: G:\Departments\EN\Projects\MME_MechanicalEngineering\Elena.Quaranta\Materials\

Nomenclature legend:

…\MG_legend.xlsxNew classification of MG plates: …\MoGRCF_Summary_newName.xlsx

Slide30

Nomenclature: some exampleAdColMat

- 21/7/2014

Elena Quaranta30

MG 1110 A

20%v Mo, 40% GR, 40% CF, 0% othersA=1200s at 2200°C, 35MPa, H

2-N2 at 10-4 mbar

ρ=3.7 g/cm

37.6%v Mo2C, 40% GR, 40% CF, 0% othersF=2560°C for1200s,

35MPa, N2 at 10-4 mbarρ=2.78 g/cm3MG 2110 F

Mo2C melt and flowed out for the first time

6.2%v Mo

2

C

,

40% GR, 40% CF, 0% others

Q

=2005°C (pyrometer) for 350s,

35MPa,

N

2

at 10

-4

mbar

ρ=2.62 g/cm

3MG 3110 Q

6%v Mo2C, 40% GR, 40% CF, 0% others

P=2000°C (pyrometer) for 600s, 35MPa, N2 at 10-4 mbarρ=2.67 g/cm3MG 3110 P Fully characterized: outstanding electrical and thermal properties, low density!

Slide31

Last produced plate: 23/06/2014AdColMat

- 21/7/2014

Elena Quaranta31

MG 5220 S

Ø 90mm x 24.29mm => THICK plate!

≈4%v Mo2

C, 96%

v graphite + CFT=2600°C (pyrometer) for 600s, 35MPa, N2 at 10-4 mbarρ

=2.65 g/cm3

Slide32

Irradiation campaign at BNL

ON-

GOING irradiation and post-irradiation studies

on Molybdenum, Glidcop, CuCD

, MoGRCF

200 MeV proton and spallation neutron

(by ~120 MeV protons)

irradiation @BLIP

Mo-Graphite

Graphite

C/C

Proton beam profile

Energy deposited in target

Proton beam profile

Spallation Neutron profile

AdColMat

- 21/7/2014

Elena Quaranta

32

Slide33

Irradiation campaign at BNL

28

MeV proton irradiation for very localized proton-induced damage @Tandem van de Graaff

X-Ray Diffraction studies @

NSLS

(100-200

keV

X-rays)

AdColMat - 21/7/2014Elena Quaranta33