Circulatory D isorders A ballooning and weakening in the artery wall that is subject to burst at any given time due to the pressure on the artery If aneurysm ruptures can cause a major bleed possibly leading to death ID: 784676
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2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system
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Circulatory Disorders
Slide2A ballooning and weakening in the artery wall that is subject to burst at any given time due to the pressure on the artery.
If aneurysm ruptures can cause a major bleed, possibly leading to death.
2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system
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Circulatory disorders: Aneurysm
Slide3Possible surgery depending on where aneurysm is located.
Many times carefully watched, surgery is too dangerous.
2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system
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Circulatory disorders: Aneurysm
Slide4Severe chest pain that arises when the heart does not receive enough oxygen.
May feel like a heart attack but it is not.
2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system
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Circulatory disorders: Angina Pectoris
Slide5Treated with nitroglycerin
Symptoms: Chest pain Shortness of breath
Left shoulder and arm pain
2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system‹#›
Circulatory disorders: Angina Pectoris
Slide6Arrhythmia -
Is any change from normal heart rate or rhythm of 75 bpm at rest
BRADYCARDIA Slow heart rate (<60 beats per minute)
TACHYCARDIA
Rapid heart rate
(>100 beats per minute)
2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system
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Circulatory disorders: Arrhythmia
What is the normal range for pulse?
Slide7Hardening of the arteries caused by a fat-like substance that has built up in the artery, reducing blood flow.
2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system
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Circulatory disorders: Atherosclerosis
Slide8Hardening of the artery causing thickening of the artery wall from aging, reducing blood flow because artery can not push blood around efficiently.
2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system
‹#›Circulatory disorders: Arteriosclerosis
Slide9Both cause reduced blood flow in the artery.
Arteriosclerosis is a result of aging - the arteries lose their elasticity.Atherosclerosis is caused by lipid deposits in artery wall.
2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system
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Arteriosclerosis vs Atherosclerosis
What is the difference between arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis?
Slide10A disease in which a waxy substance called plaque builds up inside the coronary (heart) arteries.
Can be genetic or diet related.
2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system
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Circulatory disorders:
Coronary Artery Disease
Slide11This can stop the blood flow to the heart and cause a heart attack.
Treatment: Medication or cardiac catheterization to open artery and place a stint.
2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system
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Circulatory disorders:
Coronary Artery Disease
Slide12What is hypertension?
High Blood Pressure
2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system
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Circulatory disorders: Hypertension
Slide13What factors influence the development of hypertension?
SmokingOverweightStressHigh fat dietFamily historyLack of exercise
2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system‹#›
Circulatory disorders: Hypertension
Slide14How is it treated?
RelaxationLow fat dietExercise
Weight lossMedication
2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system
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Circulatory disorders: Hypertension
Slide15Why is it called the “silent killer?”
Hypertension usually has no symptoms
2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system
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Circulatory disorders: Hypertension
Slide16Heart failure is a condition in which the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the body’s needs.
2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system
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Circulatory disorders: Heart Failure
Slide17Symptoms:
CoughingTirednessShortness of breath
Pulmonary edema (fluid in lungs)Weakness of the heartPleural effusion (fluid around the lung)
Fluid in abdomenSwelling lower legs2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system
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Circulatory disorders: Heart Failure
Slide18Treatment:
Heart healthy dietExerciseDrink the right amount of fluidsLose weight
Quit smoking
2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system‹#›
Circulatory disorders: Heart Failure
Slide19An extra or unusual sound heard during a heartbeat.
Murmurs range from very faint to very loud.
2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system
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Circulatory disorders: Murmurs
Slide20A stethoscope
2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system
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Circulatory disorders: Murmurs
What is the most common instrument used to detect murmurs?
Slide21http://floe.vpg.com/floe/projects/HAO2/engines/audio/diastolicMurmur.mp3
2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system
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Circulatory disorders: Murmurs
Slide22MI or Heart Attack
Lack of blood supply to myocardium causes damage.
2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system
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Circulatory disorders:
Myocardial Infarction
Slide23Due to blockage of coronary artery or blood clot
Due to atherosclerosis-plaque build up on arterial walls
Due to arteriosclerosis-loss of elasticity and thickening of artery wall
2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system‹#›
Circulatory disorders:
Myocardial Infarction
Slide24Amount of damage depends on size of area deprived of oxygen
2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system
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Circulatory disorders: Myocardial Infarction
Slide25PAD
Is a disease in which plaque builds up in the arteries that carry blood to your head, organs, and limbs.Plaque is made up of fat (lipids)
2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system
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Circulatory disorders:
Peripheral Vascular Di
sease
Slide26Eat healthy
Whole grains (fiber)Fat free and low fat dietStop smokingexercise
2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system
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Circulatory disorders:
Peripheral Vascular Di
sease
How can PVD be prevented?
Slide27Pulmonary edema is often caused by congestive heart failure.
When the heart is not able to pump blood to the body efficiently, it can back up into the veins that take blood through the lungs to the left side of the heart.
2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system
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Circulatory disorders:
Pulmonary Edema
Slide28As the pressure in these blood vessels increases, fluid is pushed into the air spaces (alveoli) in the lungs.
This fluid reduces normal oxygen movement through the lungs.
This and the increased pressure can lead to shortness of breath.
2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system‹#›
Circulatory disorders:
Pulmonary Edema
Slide29Treatment is medication called Lasix which is a diuretic given to help the patient get rid of extra fluid.
2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system
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Circulatory disorders:
Pulmonary Edema
Slide30TIA is a temporary interruption of blood flow (ischemia) to the brain.
The cause is usually a narrowing of the carotid artery due to an accumulation of fat.
2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system
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Circulatory disorders:
Transient Ischemic Attac
k
Slide31Symptoms:
Remember the acronym F.A.S.T.
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Circulatory disorders: Transient Ischemic Attack
Slide32Swollen, distended veins.
Cause: Hereditary or due to posture, prolonged periods of standing, physical exertion, age and pregnancy.
2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system
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Circulatory disorders:
Varicose Veins
Slide33Prevention
Wear sunscreen
Elevate legs when resting
Wear elastic support stockingsEating fiber dietsExercise
Weight control
2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system
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Circulatory disorders: Varicose Veins
Slide342.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system
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Circulatory disorders
Leading Causes of Death:
The Impact of Circulatory Disorders
CVD 41%
Slide354 chambers: rt atrium, lft atrium, rt. Ventricle, lft ventricle
4 valves: bicuspic, tricuspid, aortic and pulmonary4 major vessels: pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein, aorta, vena cava (superior and inferior)Include:
septum, and coronary arteries (and veins)