Last updated 31 Mar 2021 Topics to be Covered What Is a Bibliography Selected Types of Bibliographies How to Create an Annotated Bibliography How to Create a Working Bibliography The Differences between Bibliographies and Works CitedReferences ID: 1017422
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1. Bibliographies Prepared by Marsha Ann Tate, Ph.D. Last updated 31 Mar. 2021
2. Topics to be CoveredWhat Is a Bibliography?Selected Types of Bibliographies How to Create an Annotated Bibliography How to Create a Working Bibliography The Differences between Bibliographies and Works Cited/References
3. Bibliography 1. A list of sources cited or consulted when creating a scholarly work.2. A list of sources created by “a specific author or publisher, or on a specific subject.”“Bibliography.” In Lexico, 2020. https://www.lexico.com/en/definition/bibliography (accessed 3 Nov. 2020).
4. Special Types of Bibliographies
5. Annotated Bibliographies
6. Annotated Bibliography Can be created as part of a larger research paper project or as a separate projectProvides full bibliographic citations and summaries of sources related to a specific topic Can also include your evaluation of or opinion about the listed sources
7. Annotated Bibliography “[F]ocuses your attention on the most promising sources you located” during your literature search (Hacker & Sommers 387). Provides “you with an opportunity to reflect on how and why these sources will help you answer your research question” (Hacker & Sommers 387).
8. Annotated Bibliography: Key FeaturesA list of sources, including complete bibliographical information for each source, arranged in alphabetical order by author (or title if the author is unknown)“A brief annotation or note for each source” Usually 100 to 200 words Written in paragraph form “A summary of each source stating the work’s main ideas and key points briefly and accurately” (Hacker & Sommers 389).
9. Annotated Bibliography: Key Features: Evaluation/AssessmentAnnotations also typically include your evaluation/assessment of each “source’s role and usefulness in your project” (Hacker & Sommers 389).
10. Annotated Bibliography: Key Features: Evaluation/AssessmentThe evaluation considers:The source’s strengths and limitations The author’s qualifications and expertise The source’s likely role in your specific project (Hacker & Sommers 389). It also helps you “separate the source’s ideas from your own” (Hacker & Sommers 389).
11. Annotated Bibliography Example Erickson, Hal. Syndicated Television: The First Forty Years, 1947-1987. Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 1988. Erickson provides a brief historical overview of syndicated television in the United States followed by a decade-by-decade listing and description of syndicated shows that aired on American television during each period by genre. The descriptions also note instances when the listed program was produced in Canada or another foreign country. Flaherty, D. H., and F. E. Manning, editors. The Beaver Bites Back? American Popular Culture in Canada. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press, 1993. A collection of essays that examine the impact of American popular culture in Canada and the Canadian response to the phenomena. Specifically, the essays explore the transmission of American popular culture via print and broadcast media as well as by "live" performances (e.g., sporting events, religious evangelism) and how it influences its Canadian counterpart. Gittins, S. CTV: The Television Wars. Toronto: Stoddart, 1999. An in-depth history of CTV and its owners. The book also offers insights into a number of Canadian production companies and television shows. Henighan, T. Ideas of North: A Guide to Canadian Arts & Culture. Vancouver: Raincoast Books, 1997. A fact-book that covers various aspects of Canadian arts and culture.
12. Creating an Annotated Bibliography Four Step ProcessRead/ReviewRecordSummarizeEvaluate
13. Creating an Annotated Bibliography Step 1. Read/Review the SourceRead/review the source and take notes (optional)
14. Creating an Annotated Bibliography Step 2. Record the Full Citation of the SourceRecord the publication information for your source following MLA, APA, or other style.
15. Creating an Annotated Bibliography Step 3. Summarize“Start by asking what you learned from a source.”“Use the author’s or organization’s name, and use verbs such as claims, explains, and reports.”Avoid using “The article says”
16. Creating an Annotated Bibliography Step 4. Evaluate“Ask yourself what role a source might play and how it will contribute to your research” (e.g., provide background information, support a claim, anticipate/counter objectives)“Evaluating your sources’ ideas will help you separate them from your own ideas and from one another” (Hacker & Sommers 387).
17. Creating an Annotated Bibliography Step 4. EvaluateEvaluating the sources’ ideas will also “help you move toward a draft in which you synthesize sources and present your own thesis” (Hacker & Sommers 387).
18. Descriptive Annotations: Examples (MLA Format) Miller, Annie Clark. Chronicles of Families, Houses and Estates of Pittsburgh and Its Environs, 1927. Clark’s book includes brief descriptions of the Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania residences/estates owned by the Shoenberger, Denny, Schenley, and various other families who also maintained summer residences in Cobourg or Lake Muskoka, Ontario.Shedd, Nancy S. Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania: An Inventory of Historic Engineering and Industrial Sites. Washington, DC: Historic American Buildings Survey/Historic American Engineering Record : America's Industrial Heritage Project, National Park Service, U.S. Dept. of the Interior, 1991. This comprehensive survey of historical sites located in Huntingdon County includes useful information about the Shoenberger family’s Huntingdon County iron furnaces and their other related holdings in the county. The work also includes many photographs.
19. Descriptive Annotations: Examples (APA Format) Erickson, H. (1988). Syndicated television: The First forty years, 1947-1987. Jefferson, NC: McFarland. Erickson provides a brief historical overview of syndicated television in the United States followed by a decade-by-decade listing and description of syndicated shows that aired on American television during each period by genre. The descriptions also note instances when the listed program was produced in Canada or another foreign country. Flaherty, D. H., & Manning, F. E. (Eds.). (1993). The Beaver bites back? American popular culture in Canada. Montreal: McGill- Queen's University Press. A collection of essays that examine the impact of American popular culture in Canada and the Canadian response to the phenomena. Specifically, the essays explore the transmission of American popular culture via print and broadcast media as well as by "live" performances (e.g., sporting events, religious evangelism) and how it influences its Canadian counterpart.
20. Working Bibliographies
21. Working Bibliography
22. Working Bibliography Important!! Include all of the information about the source that you would need to create a full Works Cited or Reference citation for the source.
23. Information to Collect for a Working Bibliography Web Sources (including visual, audio, and multimedia sources)All authors, editors, or composers of the sourceTitle and subtitle of the sourceTitle of the longer work, if the source is contained in a longer workTitle of the website
24. Information to Collect for a Working Bibliography Web Sources (including visual, audio, and multimedia sources), continued Date of online publication (or of latest update) Sponsor or publisher of the websiteDate you accessed the sourceURL or permalink of the page on which the source appears
25. Information to Collect for a Working Bibliography ArticlesAll authors of the articleTitle and subtitle of the articleTitle of the journal, magazine, or newspaperDate; volume, issue, and page numbers (if applicable)Date you accessed the source
26. Information to Collect for a Working Bibliography Articles Retrieved from DatabasesName of the databaseAccession number of other number assigned by the databaseDigital object identifier (DOI), if there is oneURL of the database home page or of the journal’s home page if there is no DOI
27. Information to Collect for a Working Bibliography BooksAll authors; any editors or translatorsTitle and subtitleEdition (if not the first)Publication information: city, publisher, and dateDate you accessed the source (if applicable)
28. The Difference Between Bibliographies and Works Cited/References
29. BibliographyWorks Cited References Used with multiple citation stylesModern Language Association (MLA) American Psychological Association (APA)Alphabetical list of sources consulted when writing a paper or other work. Alphabetical list of sources cited in a paper or other work. Alphabetical list of sources cited in a paper or other work. The Difference Between Bibliographies and Works Cited/References
30. The Difference Between Bibliographies and Works Cited/ReferencesSources listed in Works Cited or References must also be cited within the paper/work Itself. Sources listed in Bibliographies do not need to be cited within the paper/work itself.
31. Other Selected Types of Bibliographies
32. FilmographyA list of films by one director or actor, or on one subject.Source: Oxford Languages.
33. WebliographyA list of electronic documents or websites related to a specific subject. Source: Oxford Languages.
34. BibliographyAmerican Psychological Association (APA). APA Style. APA, 2021, https://apastyle.apa.org/. Accessed 31 Mar. 2021. Hacker, Diana, & Nancy Sommers. Rules for Writers. 9th ed. 2020 APA update. Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2020. Modern Language Association of America (MLA). MLA Style Center. MLA, 2021, https://style.mla.org/?_ga=2.161643774.333922993.1617200086- 1483645113.1581090619. Accessed 31 Mar. 2021.