Compiled by Mark Anderson Classify different tissues by their shape and number Know the four different types of tissues Compare and contrast different functions of tissues Objectives How many layers of cells ID: 911940
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Slide1
Tissue Structure
Edited by: Jessica Hawley
Compiled by Mark Anderson
Slide2Classify different tissues by their shape and number
Know the four different
types of tissuesCompare and contrast different functions of tissues
Objectives
Slide3How many layers of cells?
Single – Simple
Multiple – StratifiedWhat is the shape of the cells?Thin and Flat – SquamousSquare – Cuboidal
Columns – Columnar
Classification
Slide4EpitheliumConnective Tissue
Nervous Tissue
Muscle TissueTissues
Slide5Thin layer of tissue that covers all free surfaces of the body
Includes skin and gastrointestinal tract
Simple EpitheliumLocated in highly protected areas where maximum absorption is needed
Digestive System
Stratified Epithelium
Located in
ares
where there is friction with the environment
Skin
Epithelium
Slide6Types of Epithelium
Slide7Provides the structural framework of an animal
All Connective Tissue Includes
Wandering cellsFixed cellsGround substance
Connective Tissue
Slide8Ameboid cells that can freely move within CT
Macrophages
White blood cellsConsume foreign materialMast cells
Release histamines incase of
inflamation
Abundant at the injury site
Wandering Cells
Slide9Cells that are somewhat anchored within the CT
Fibroblast – determines density of the CT
Primary function is to produce fibrous proteins to reinforce the amorphous structure
Fixed Cells
Slide10A viscous solution consisting
primarliy
of proteins linked to carbohydratesImportant in lubricating joints in the form of synovial fluidDensity determined by number of fibrous proteins
Ground Substance
Slide11Loose – flexible
Dense
Specialized – blood and lymphSupportive – bones and cartilage
Types of connective tissue
Slide12Highly porous and flexible
Provides structure for blood vessels and nerves
Highly vascularizedNot very strong
Loose CT
Slide13Maximum strength with little flexibility
Tendons that are connected to muscle
Two typesRegular – resists force from one directionsIrregular – resists force from multiple directions
Dense
ct
Slide14Adipose tissue
Storage of triglycerides
Highly vascularizedBlood and LymphBlood delivers nutrients to tissuesLymph filters and returns the plasma to the circulatory system
Very little structure
Specialized
Slide15Cartilage
Hyaline
tracheaElasticear
Fibrocartilage
Between vertebrae
Bone
Spongy
Inside the bone
Compact
Outside the bone
Supportive
Slide16Hyaline
Densely packed with collagen fibers and provides rigid but flexible features
ElasticMore elastin fibers with some collagen provides maximum flexibilityFibrocartilage
Extreme form of hyaline cartilage. Very little ground substance
Cartilage
Slide17Compact
Very dense and found on the outside of the bones
SpongyContains spicules and trabeculae that adds strength
Bone
Slide18Long bones
Arm and leg bones
Irregular bonesPelvic bones and vertebrateFlat bonesBones of the skull
Types of Bones
Slide19Made of neuron and glial cells and functions to transmit electrical impulses throughout the body
Neuron – nerve cell
Glial cell – support cell that help insulate and support the nerve cell
Nervous Tissue
Slide20Major features of nerve cells
Axon
Cell BodyDendritesSynaptic junctionsMyelin Sheath
Made of Schwann cells
Neurons
Slide21Slide22Functions in locomotion, digestion, breathing, vision, circulation, and other biological processes
Also used as a high protein food source
Makes up 30-40% of total body mass
Muscle Tissue
Slide23Skeletal – Striated and voluntary
Cardiac – Striated and involuntary
Smooth – Not striated and involuntaryMuscle Tissue
Slide24Striated and voluntary
Primary muscle type for meat
Multinucleated with nuclei located toward the edge of the cellMultinucleated cannot reproduce, they can only get largerHelps with muscle growth
Skeletal
Slide25Striated Muscle
Slide26Myofiber – muscle fiber/ cell
Myofibril – Contractile apparatus
Sarcolemma – membrane surrounding the myofiber
Definitions
Slide27Muscle organization
Slide28Myofibril Structure
Slide29A band – darker in color; runs the length of the myosin fiber
I band – lighter in color; only thin filament present
H zone – only thick filament presentZ line – End of the sarcomere where the thin filament is anchoredM line – middle of the sarcomere where thick filament is anchored
Sarcomeric
structures
Slide30Striated and involuntary
Single centrally located nucleus
Varying lengths of the thin filamentCardiac
Slide31Not striated, involuntary
Mononucleated
, with nucleus in middle of the cellTight membrane to membrane junctions for communication between cells
Smooth
Slide32Classify different tissues by their shape and number
Know the four different types of tissues
Compare and contrast different functions of tissuesObjectives