Olmecs 1200400BCE Discuss Meso American physical geography Describe the legacy of the Olmecs to later Mesoamerican civilizationsthink mother culture Discuss trade and commerce in the Olmec civilization ID: 781390
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Slide1
Slide2Olmec Mound-
Tres
Zapotes
Olmecs (1200-400BCE)
Discuss
Meso
-American physical geography.
Describe the legacy of the
Olmecs
to later Mesoamerican civilizations…think
“mother culture.”
Discuss
trade and commerce in the Olmec civilization.
Identify specialized technologies developed by the
Olmecs
.
Slide3Meso
-America
Common Characteristics:Agriculture—maize, beans, squashReligion—jaguar spirit, polytheism, ritual ball game, human sacrifice
Architecture—pyramid buildingMesoamerican trade and communication networks—Central America to SW US/Mississippi River ValleyCalendarLack of metallurgy (until late Mayan, Aztecs)Lack “beasts of burden”Climate—Tierra Templada, Caliente
Slide4Olmec Head - Jalapa Museum
Olmec Head - Santiago Tuxtla Town Square
Slide5Slide6Zapotecs
Discuss the contributions of
Zapotec civilization in the Americas.What evidence exists of Olmec influence on the Zapotecs?
Monte Alban
Slide7Honors Humanities Themes
S
= Development and transformation of social
structuresGender roles and relationsFamily and kinshipRacial and ethnic constructionsSocial and economic classesP = Political (State-building, expansion, and conflict)Political structures and forms of governanceEmpiresNations and nationalism
Revolts and revolutionsRegional, trans-regional, and global structures and organizationsI
=
Interaction
between humans and the environment
Demography and disease
Migration
Patterns of settlement
Technology
C
= Development and interaction of
cultures
Religions
Belief systems, philosophies, and ideologies
Science and technology
The arts and architecture
E
= Creation, expansion, and interaction of
economic
systems
Agricultural and pastoral production
Trade and commerce
Labor systems
Industrialization
Capitalism and socialism
Slide8Teotihuacan
Discuss
the nature and significance of religion in Teotihuacan.
Describe the agricultural technology utilized in Teotihuacan.What do historians speculate regarding social class and political structures in Teotihuacan? Why do you think this is unclear and up to debate?
Slide9Teotihuacan
Slide10Teotihuacan
Slide11Honors Humanities Themes
S
= Development and transformation of social
structuresGender roles and relationsFamily and kinshipRacial and ethnic constructionsSocial and economic classesP = Political (State-building, expansion, and conflict)Political structures and forms of governanceEmpiresNations and nationalism
Revolts and revolutionsRegional, trans-regional, and global structures and organizationsI
=
Interaction
between humans and the environment
Demography and disease
Migration
Patterns of settlement
Technology
C
= Development and interaction of
cultures
Religions
Belief systems, philosophies, and ideologies
Science and technology
The arts and architecture
E
= Creation, expansion, and interaction of
economic
systems
Agricultural and pastoral production
Trade and commerce
Labor systems
Industrialization
Capitalism and socialism
Slide12Maya
Slide13Mural titled
—
The
Presentation of
Captives,
c
. 792
CE
Slide14Tikal
Slide15Huipil
Stele from
Calakmul
, dating to
731—depicts
the king
Yuknoom
Took'
K'awiil
.
Stele high-relief
in-the-round sculpture from
Copán
Slide16Meso
-America
What common characteristics do you see amongst the Meso-American civilizations?
(Olmecs, Zapotecs, Teotihuacan, Maya, and Toltecs)
Slide17Meso
-America
Common Characteristics:Metallurgy—copper, silver, gold, mostly for adornment/display of wealthBeasts of burden—llama and alpaca
Religion—Polytheism (animal themes), human sacrificeMonumental architecture, platforms, irrigation, etc.No written languageDiet—potatoes, corn, beans, squash, quinoa, some fish, etc. Vertical tradeWaru Waru (ca. 300 BCE)Climate—Tierra Fria, Templada
Slide18Chavin
(c. 900-250BCE)
What challenges did the physical geography of the Andes create for these early civilizations?
In what way were the Chavin a “mother culture” for Andean South American civilizations?Discuss agriculture and trade in the Chavin civilization.What technologies were developed at Chavin de Huantar?Economic and social organization? Labor systems?
Slide19Chavin
Slide20Andean South America
Common Characteristics:
MetallurgyBeasts of burden—llama and alpacaPolytheism—animal themes
CitiesNo written languageClimate—Tierra Fria, Templada, Caliente (Jungle)Diet—potatoes, corn, beans, squash (more diverse than central America)Vertical tradeTerraced Farming
Slide21Nazca
Slide22Moche (c. 100-700CE)
In
Andean civilization, discuss how social structure was related to labor systems.
Discuss gender relations in Andean civilization. Discuss agricultural and pastoral production in Andean society.What is “vertical integration?”Describe the diversity of the Moche diet and why it was so diverse. Discuss the social hierarchy and elements of stratification in the Moche civilization.Discuss artisans and manufacturing in the Moche civilization.
Slide23Honors Humanities Themes
S
= Development and transformation of social
structuresGender roles and relationsFamily and kinshipRacial and ethnic constructionsSocial and economic classesP = Political (State-building, expansion, and conflict)Political structures and forms of governanceEmpiresNations and nationalism
Revolts and revolutionsRegional, trans-regional, and global structures and organizationsI
=
Interaction
between humans and the environment
Demography and disease
Migration
Patterns of settlement
Technology
C
= Development and interaction of
cultures
Religions
Belief systems, philosophies, and ideologies
Science and technology
The arts and architecture
E
= Creation, expansion, and interaction of
economic
systems
Agricultural and pastoral production
Trade and commerce
Labor systems
Industrialization
Capitalism and socialism
Slide24Moche-
Sipan
Slide25Slide26Slide27Andean South America
What common characteristics do you see amongst the Andean South American civilizations?
(
Chavin, Moche, and Nazca)