Nephrotoxins are chemicals displaying nephrotoxicity Nephrotoxicity Renal toxicity can be a result of hemodynamic changes direct injury to cells and tissues inflammatory tissue injury obstruction of renal tubules ID: 1009771
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1. Poisonous effect of some substances both toxic chemicals and medication.Nephrotoxins are chemicals displaying nephrotoxicity.Nephrotoxicity
2. Renal toxicity can be a result of hemodynamic changes, direct injury to cells and tissues, inflammatory tissue injury, obstruction of renal tubules.
3. Direct tubular effect PCTAminoglycoside (gentamicin),amphotericin B,cisplatin,Radio contrast mediaDCTNSAIDs,ACE inhibitors,cyclosporin,lithium salts,cyclophosphamide.Tubular obstructionSulphonamides,methotrexate,triamterene.
4. Acute interstitial nephritis Beta lactam antibioticsVancomycinRifampicin Sulfonamides NSAIDs
5. Other causes of renal damageBiologic therapyInterleukin 2 or interferon alpha Low BP Lot of protein in dietDiabetes mellitus
6. When kidney damage occurs body is unable to rid of excess urine and other wastes. Electrolytes e.g K+, Mg+ are elevated.Rise of BUN and creatinineCause could be dehydration or renal How diagnosed?Normal values Bun ______10-25mg/dlCreatinine________0.7- 1.4 mg/dl
7. Nephrotoxic effect of drugs may be added when administered together.Dose adjustment of drugs is made for drugs which are excreted via kidney if renal function is decreased.