Renaissance through Contemporary Core Content 41 Renaissance Period 14001600 Reconciles Christian faith and reason Promotes rebirth of the classical ideal of ancient Greece and Rome ID: 618089
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Slide1
ART HISTORY
Renaissance
through Contemporary
Core Content 4.1Slide2
Renaissance Period 1400-1600
Reconciles Christian faith and reason.
Promotes ‘rebirth’ of the classical ideal (of ancient Greece and Rome)
Allows new freedom of thought.
Humanism – emphasis on intellect, education, the importance of the thinking breathing human being! Slide3
Renaissance
Artists begin to blend religious and secular (non-religious) subjects
Artists developed linear perspective that created a greater look of space/depth
Key artists: Michelangelo, da Vinci, Donatello, Raphael (The Ninja Turtles)Slide4
Michelangelo
He was a sculptor, painter, architect
He preferred sculpting
Famous sculptures: Pieta (Mary holding dying Jesus), David
Famous Paintings: the frescos of the Sistine Chapel
He blended religion and Humanistic elements in his worksSlide5
MichelangeloSlide6
PietaSlide7
Michelangelo - DavidSlide8
Sistine ChapelSlide9
Leonardo da Vinci
Painter, sculptor, architect, engineer, inventor, mathematician, astronomer… the Renaissance Man
Famous paintings: Mona Lisa, Last Supper
Use of sfumatoSlide10
da VinciSlide11
The Baroque Period
Rejects the limits of the previous styles
Restores the power of monarchy and church.
Art is characterized by excess, ornamentation, contrasts, energy, tensions
Artists used dramatic lighting that created a spotlight effect on their subjects – chiaroscuro or tenebrosoSlide12
The Baroque Period
Chiaroscuro – use of light and shade to create a 3-D effect
Tenebroso – Italian meaning “in a dark manner”. Artists used contrast of theatrical lighting against dark shadows in their work
Subjects included both religious and secular pieces – rise in personal portraits and landscapes in the NetherlandsSlide13
Rembrandt van Rijn
Dutch painter
Master of chiaroscuro
Painted over 65 self-portraits
Subjects had ‘light’ on face and dark backgroundSlide14
Rembrandt van RijnSlide15
Caravaggio
Led a rebellious life. Prone to drinking and fights… carried over into artwork.
The church often refused his paintings because they were too violent or showed saints behaving as common people (ex Jesus in a Roman bar)
Master of tenebrosoSlide16
Caravaggio’s workSlide17
Neo-Classical Period
Reacts to the excesses of the monarchy and the ornamentation of the Baroque
Returns to order, reason and structural clarity (of the Classic Greek and Roman styles – hence the name ‘Neo-Classicism’)
Artists incorporated clean, clear lines in both painting and architecture – composers similarly placed emphasis on clear prominent melody lines… Slide18
Jaques-Louis David
French painter
Painted the aristocracy and then Napoleon during the Revolution
Depicted Napoleon in best manner – brave, and regal – art used as propaganda to depict strong leader
Subjects are simple with clear lines, very orderly appearanceSlide19
Jaques-Louis DavidSlide20
Thomas Jefferson
American President
Traveled through Europe and brought back architecture of Greece and Rome
Blended styles for formal government buildings – known as Federalist Style
Very orderly, symmetrical, dignified
Roman arches, Greek pediments
Monticello – TJ’s home
Farmington home in LouisvilleSlide21
Thomas Jefferson
Monticello – Jefferson’s home
Used triangular Greek pediment, Roman arches and dome structure
Orderly, clear lines, logic of design apparentSlide22
Thomas Jefferson influenceSlide23
Romantic Period 1760-1870
Revolts against neo-classical order and reason
Returns to nature/imagination: freedom, emotion, sentimentality, interest in the exotic and the supernatural
Romantics painted emotional scenes with loose brush strokes and brilliant color
Paintings became more personal, emotional
Scenes were more dynamic and interesting than in real life hence “Romanticising” themSlide24
Francisco Goya
Spanish Romantic artist – went through 3 ‘phases’ of artwork
Royal painter – earned a respectable living painting the Spanish royal family
Political Commentary – He witnessed Napoleon’s troops invade Spain and painted the harsh reality of warfare
Mental Illness (Black Period) – he drew nightmarish, monster-like figures – some on the walls of his home. Slide25
Goya -- Royal FamilySlide26
Goya – PoliticsSlide27
John Constable
British Romantic painter
Concerned with forces of nature so painted landscapes
Had the incredible ability to capture the warmth of sunlight, the coldness in shadows and the motion of clouds
His strong brush strokes and interest on the effects of light paved the way for the ImpressionistsSlide28
John ConstableSlide29
John ConstableSlide30
Realism 1820-1920
Speaks the truth. Finds beauty in the commonplace (everyday scenes).
Focuses on the Industrial revolution and the conditions of the working class
Moved away from royalty as subject matter and painted peasants, working men and women
Found the ordinary to be interestingSlide31
Gustave Courbet
Painted everyday workers – very controversial
His “The Stone Breakers” and Burial at Ornans” were reviled – who would want a painting of people working or at a funeral !?Slide32
Gustave Courbet - RealismSlide33
Eduard Manet
He transitioned between Realism and Impressionism
He went from crisp clean lines to blurred edges
His subjects remained common – people on a picnic or waiting for a trainSlide34
Eduard ManetSlide35
Impressionism 1850-1920
Started as a rebellion against Realism
Artists tried to capture a moment in time - a snapshot (Camera invented at this time)
Tried to show the effects of light and atmospheric conditions
Often painted the same scene at different times of the day to capture the colors
Were the first artists to paint outside because of the inventions of portable easels and paint in tubesSlide36
Claude Monet
Quintessential impressionist
Known for ‘waterlily’ series, Japanese Bridge
Painted haystacks, Rouen Cathedral repeatedly but with differing color schemesSlide37
Claude MonetSlide38
Waterlilies - MonetSlide39
Mary Cassatt
American, female painter
Studied in France with Degas, Monet, Manet, etc – The ‘great’ impressionists
Her subjects usually included domestic scenes of women and children
Used soft pastel colors or bright, happy hues in her work
Influenced by Japanese work in using dark outlines of subjectsSlide40
Mary CassattSlide41
Auguste Rodin
Impressionist sculptor
Tried to capture a moment in time
Sculpted movement and action in his figures
Created ‘fragmentary’ sculptures at the end of his careerSlide42
Auguste RodinSlide43
Auguste Rodin