PDF-Sea ice highlatitude convection and equable climates D

S Abbot and Eli Tziperman 12 Received 8 October 2007 accepted 27 November 2007 published 9 February 2008 It is argued that deep atmospheric convection might occur during winter in icefree highlatitude oceans and that the surface radiative warming e. Decline in the extent and thickness of Arctic sea ice is an active area of scientific effort and one with significant implications for ecosystems and communities.. Forecasting for seasonal timescales (i.e., the summer and into fall) is of particular interest to many stakeholders.. Israel Jirak, Steve Weiss, and Chris . Melick. . Storm Prediction Center. WoF Workshop, April 3, 2014. Convection-allowing ensembles (. ~. 4-km grid spacing) can provide important information to forecasters regarding the uncertainty of storm intensity, mode, location, timing, etc. on the outlook to watch scale. Brian . Mapes. RSMAS. , University of Miami. Harvard, Oct 17 2009. (personal) historical moment. Two very old ideas. , . fiiinally. coming to fruition?. 1995: study convection sensitivities. inhibition vs. bulk instability (CAPE) controls. tropical convection. , sea ice, interference, and implications for climate . models. Steven Feldstein. The Pennsylvania State . University. SPARC-Workshop on Storm Tracks. , . Grindelwald. , Switzerland, August 25, 2015. Sea Ice Formation. --in Antarctica, begins forming in late summer with winds from the. . continent, evaporative cooling at ocean surface reduces . . water temperature to ~-1.8 °C. --as water temperature falls, ice crystals of fresh water begin . Features . and the Late . 1990s . Change. Renguang. . Wu. I. nstitute of Atmospheric Physics, . Chinese . Academy of Sciences, Beijing. World . Conference on Climate Change. October . 24-26, . 2016, . Models. :. CanCM3-standard, CanCM3-improved, CanCM4, GEM-NEMO and CFSv2. . Methodology. : . . - hindcast period: 29 years (1982-2010). - 6 months lead-time. . - November and May initiation. The vanishing veneer of frozen ocean isn't just important for polar bears.. By: Russell . McLendon. 11/6/2015. 2. The Arctic hasn't been itself lately. Temperatures there are rising at twice the global rate, sparking an array of changes unlike anything in recorded history. One of the most striking examples is the region's sea ice, whose dramatic decline over the past decade has led to forecasts of an ice-free Arctic Ocean as early as the 2030s. . vegetation. . Climate . is average of weather conditions for . . . 30 years. . . Climatologists employ many. different tools to organize the . wealth of information about . earth's climates to bring order. To Make Foldable:. 1. On the short side of the paper, fold it down an inch.. 2. Now fold it in half, hamburger style.. 3. Now fold it in 1/3.. Conduction. Convection . Radiation. Heat Transfer. Examples. Global climates and natural vegetation Climate is average of weather conditions for 30+ years Climatologists employ many different tools to organize the wealth of information about of the UM in different parts of the world.. Humphrey Lean, Kirsty Hanley, Stuart Webster, Will Keat, Thorwald Stein, Todd Lane, Martin Jucker, Elizabeth Kendon and Giorgia Fosser. Met Office has run 1.5km UK version of Unified Model for about 10 years (UKV). . Navigating. Navigating ocean currents and ice drift. In the past many people did not know that there was ice in the Arctic Ocean or that the ice moved. . We first learned this from finding objects that had drifted across the Arctic.. Why is it windy at the seaside?. Cold air sinks. Where is the freezer compartment put in a fridge?. Freezer compartment. It is put at the top, because cool air sinks, so it cools the food on the way down..