Implementation of the best- - PowerPoint Presentation

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Implementation of the best-bet strategy for the management of trypanocidal drug resistance and trypanosomosis in northern –Togo

Dr. Eyaba TCHAMDJAVet-TOGOTRYRAC PMC Meeting, Adis-Ababa, 13th-15th July 2015

Presentation layoutBackgroundThe implementation of the best-bet in TogoConclusion

Background (1/2)2013 : after cross-sectional survey in 40 villages, we did a Block treatment in 5 villages hotspots The result has shownTreatment

failure : 0 -30 % (for diminazene) and 0 -50 % (for isometamidium)DpnII-PCR-RFLP: revealed 100 % of genetic markers of resistance

Strong

suspicion of

presence

of multiple drug –resistant trypanosomes strains in the study area

Background (2/2)

Région des Savanes

Région de la Kara

Sites of block

treatment

Legend

BENIN

GHANA

Implementation of the best-bet strategy (1/17)Three axes are implemented: 1) Strategic deworming of calves and young cattles at the begenning and end of rainy season2) Vectors control by : targeted spraying of the insecticide to sloping parts protection of cowsheds using nets treated with insecticides3) Rational drug use:

diminazene (7mg/Kg bw) for only trypanosomosis-clinical animals; isometamidium (1mg/kg bw) for only animals going for transhumanceThese axes have been implemented since june 2014 except the net protection which started in

jully

2015

Implementation of the best-bet strategy (2/17)1. The study villages

Legend

Testing

villages

Control villages

Implementation of the best-bet strategy (3/17)2. Trypanosomosis prevalencesPrevalences in the beginning of the best-best(june 2014):

Testing villagesPrevalencesControl villagesPrevalences

Koundoum

26,67 %

Wakadè

29,33 %

Magna15,79 %

Santigou

22,11 %

Lopano

30,98 %

Kadjitiéri

26,67 %

Implementation of the best-bet strategy (4/17)3. Strategic deworming Albendazol (Benzal® 10 % from local vet pharmacy) was

used after checking the non-resistance of the worms by the FECRT( eggs reduction ≥ 97 %)

Implementation of the best-bet strategy (5/17)4. vectors control4.1. Targeted spraying of insecticide

A local wooden crushpen

Implementation of the best-bet strategy (6/17)Targeted spraying

Implementation of the best-bet strategy (7/17)4.2. Net protectionAgainst tse-tse-flies, trypanosomosis mechanical vectors and houseflies

disturbanceZeroFly®, Livestock, by Vestergaard (deltamethrin 0.4 %-treated net) was

used

Implementation of the best-bet strategy (8/17)Insecticide –

treated net arround a cowshed

Implementation of the best-bet strategy (9/17)Cattle protected by inseticide –treated net

Implementation of the best-bet strategy (10/17)5. Rational drug useDuring the 12 months of the follow up period:All the animals

of testing villages were treated once (december 2014) with isometamidium because

it

was

difficult to predict whether the farmers would move far away in

search

of water points

From

the 256

animals

followed

only 15 were treated by using diminazene

Implementation of the best-bet strategy (11/17)6. The monitoring : Half body Ticks count for targeted spraying efficiency assessment (

every two weeks for two months)Questionnaire for net protection assessment (ongoing

)

FAMACHA for

anemic

animals detection (every 4 months during the study

period

)

Thoracic

perimeter

(body

weight) measurement for animals growth ( every 4 months during the study period)

Implementation of the best-bet strategy (12/17)6.1. Tick count for the assessment of the targeted spraying efficiency

Implementation of the best-bet strategy (13/17)6.2. FAMACHA for anemic animals detection

Implementation of the best-bet strategy (14/17)6.3. Weight development

Implementation of the best-bet strategy (15/17)According to anemia and weight monitoring:Testing herds seem to

present best results than control herds

Implementation of the best-bet strategy (16/17)Tick count session

Implementation of the best-bet strategy (17/17)Evaluation of anamia by FAMACHA

ConclusionThe best-bet implementation in Togo is ongoing.No major difficultyThe only fear is the abandonment of some control villages’ farmers

because of the long follow-up period (24 months)