Heart Valves c When valves are open and closed i Heart is filling with blood when AV valves Semilunar valves ii Heart Pumping Ventricles contract AV valves Semilunar valves ID: 774938
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Slide1
11
The Cardiovascular System
Slide2Heart Valves …
c) When valves are open and closed:i) Heart is filling with blood when:AV valves: Semilunar valves: ii) Heart Pumping = Ventricles contract:AV valves: Semilunar valves: iii) Valves operate opposite of one another
Anterior View
Tricuspid
B
icuspid
Aortic
S
Pulmonary S
Slide3a) Arteriesi) *Aorta*Blood enters Aorta from:*Takes blood to:ii) Pulmonary Trunk and Pulmonary Arteries (2)*Blood enters P Trunk from:Pulmonary Trunk L and R Pulmonary A.*Pulmonary Arteries take blood to:
Pulmonary Trunk
Aorta
7. Blood Vessels Attached To Heart
Slide4Associated Great Vessels …
b) Veinsi) Superior Vena CavaBlood returns from: and goes to: ii) Inferior Venae CavaBlood returns from: And goes to:iii) Pulmonary veins (4)Blood returns from:And goes to:
Slide5Figure 11.3a
Left common carotid artery
Left subclavian artery
Aortic arch
Ligamentum arteriosum
Left pulmonary artery
Left pulmonary veins
Left atrium
Auricle of left atrium
Circumflex artery
Left coronary artery in
coronary sulcus (left
atrioventricular groove)
Left ventricle
Great cardiac vein
Anterior interventricular
artery (in anterior interventricular sulcus)
Apex
Brachiocephalic trunk
Superior vena cava
Right pulmonary artery
Ascending aorta
Pulmonary trunk
Right pulmonary veins
Right atrium
Right coronary arteryin coronary sulcus (right atrioventricular groove)
Anterior cardiac vein
Right ventricle
Marginal artery
Small cardiac vein
Inferior vena cava
(a)
Slide68
. Blood Vessels that serve the Cardiac Musclea. Arteries
i) *Coronary arteries:*Branch from:*Oxygen content:b. Veinsi) Cardiac veins:Empty blood to:Oxygen content:ii) Coronary sinus:Coronary Sinus empties blood to:
Slide78. Blood Flow Through the Heart
Superior & Inferior Vena Cava RARA tricuspid valve RV RV pulmonary semilunar valve Pulmonary Trunk Pulmonary Trunk Right and Left Pulmonary Arteries Lungs
RA
LA
RV
LV
AORTA
LPA
SV
IV
PV
R
PA
Slide8Lungs Pulmonary veins LA
LA Bicuspid Valve LVLV Aortic Semilunar Valve AortaAorta body cells
RA
LA
RV
LV
AORTA
PA
SV
IV
LPV
RPV
Slide9Figure 11.4
Capillary beds
of lungs wheregas exchangeoccurs
Pulmonaryveins
Aorta and branches
Leftatrium
Leftventricle
Heart
Systemic Circuit
Rightatrium
Rightventricle
Venaecavae
Pulmonaryarteries
Pulmonary Circuit
Capillary
beds of allbody tissueswhere gasexchangeoccurs
KEY:
Oxygen-rich,CO2-poor blood
Oxygen-poor,CO2-rich blood
Slide10RA
LA
RV
LV
AORTA
PA
SV
IV
PV
Slide11C. Heart Physiology1. The Conduction System of the Heart
= autorhythmic cardiac cells + special conductive tissue a) Autorhythmic cells
Slide12The Heart: Conduction System …
b) Special tissue Sinoatrial node = SA node (“pacemaker)FunctionAtrioventricular node = AV node, Function
Slide13Conduction System …
Atrioventricular bundle = AV bundleFunction Bundle branchesFunction Purkinje fibersFunction
Slide14Figure 11.7
Superior
vena cava
Sinoatrial (SA)
node (pacemaker)
Atrioventricular
(AV) node
Right atrium
Bundle branches
Purkinje fibers
Left atrium
Atrioventricular
(AV) bundle
(bundle of His)
Purkinje fibers
Interventricular
septum
Slide15c) EKG & Heart Contraction Disorders
Normal EKGPQRST
Electrocardiogram
Time
MilliVolts
P QRS T
Slide16Abnormal
RhythumsHeart Block SA node dysfunctionFibrillation Cardiac ArrestTachycardia—Bradycardia—
Slide172. The Heart: Cardiac Cycle & Heart Sounds
Cardiac cycle
= events of one complete heart beat
BASICS
Atria contract simultaneously
Atria relax, then ventricles contract
Systole
= contraction
Diastole
= relaxation
Slide183. The Heart: Cardiac Output
Heart rate (HR) = beats per minute: 75 Stroke volume (SV) = Volume of blood pumped by a ventricle in one contraction = 70 mL Cardiac output (CO)Amount of blood pumped by each ventricle per minute = 5,250 ml/min = 5.250 Liters/minute
Slide194. The Heart: Regulation of Heart Rate
Nervous System & Endocrine System Raise HR when: and if blood volume or pressure is lowHormones EpinephrineThyroxineLower HR when:
Slide20II. Blood Vessels (Vascular System)
Introduction: General Functions and Anatomy:1. General FunctionArteriesArteriolesVeinsVenulesCapillaries