PPT-Biological Theories of Crime

Professor James Byrne Sept23 2015 Is Crime Biologically Determined Biological criminology The Early Years The basic assumption of early biological criminologists such as the Italian criminologist Cesare Lombroso 1835 1909 was that crime was . Lesson 5. Biological and Psychological Explanations Lesson Overview. Biological Explanations. Nineteenth Century Views. Psychological Explanations. Evaluation of Psychological Explanations. Biological Explanations. and . Evidence Collection. Physical Evidence. Any and all objects that can establish that can establish that a crime has or has not been committed or can link a crime and its victim or perpetrator. In order to be useful it must be collected, preserved and properly analyzed by forensic experts. 5 – . Biological and Psychological . Explanations,. Trait Theory. Robert . Wonser. Introduction to Criminology. Crime and Delinquency. 1. Phrenology. Skull. ’. s size and shape. Three . types of behavior and personality. Past to Present . Essential Readings. 5. th. Edition. Francis T. Cullen, Robert Agnew, and. Pamela Wilcox. PART I. The Origins of Modern Criminology. In the past, criminological theory was dominated by demonic perspectives. Part II. The Impact of Cesare Lombroso. Lombroso’s perspective was the dominant theory in the early 1900s. Argued criminals were less evolved than noncriminals . Throwbacks to our ancestors . However, this perspective and other biological theories were soon discredited and abandoned. Competing Explanations and Solutions to the Problem of Crime. Criminological Theory. Theories and Theorists: The Early Years. Otherworldly Explanations for crime: spiritualism, and demonology. Classical Theories and theorists: . and . Evidence Collection. Physical Evidence. Any and all objects that can establish that can establish that a crime has or has not been committed or can link a crime and its victim or perpetrator. In order to be useful it must be collected, preserved and properly analyzed by forensic experts. Criminology. Historical Perspectives On Criminology. Those in group "A" are all shoplifters, "B" are swindlers, "H" are purse snatchers, "E" are murderers, . etc. . Definition. Human beings are rational, and make decisions freely and with understanding of consequences. . . . MIAN ALI HAIDER. L.L.B., L.L.M(. Cum Laude. ) (UK). . It is criminal to steal a purse,. It is daring to steal a fortune.. It is a mark of greatness to steal a . crown.. The . blame diminishes as the guilt increases.. CLN4U – Mr. MacDonald. Nature vs Nurture. Theories of criminology generally fall into one of two categories. Biological Theories. Criminal are “born”. Sociological Theories. Criminals are “made”. The Who, What and Why of Crime in the 21. st. Century. LEARNING INTENTIONS:. Define the term criminology.. Describe . one biological theory that explains why people become criminals.. Describe . one sociological theory that explains why people become criminals. . In this groundbreaking book, Joseph Graves traces the development of biological thought about human genetic diversity. Greek philosophy, social Darwinism, New World colonialism, the eugenics movement, intelligence testing biases, and racial health fallacies are just a few of the topics he addresses. Graves argues that racism has persisted in our society because adequate scientific reasoning has not entered into the equation. He champions the scientific method and explains how we may properly ask scientific questions about the nature of population differentiation and how (if at all) we may correlate that diversity to observed human behavior. He also cautions us to think critically about scientific findings that have historically been misused in controversies over racial differences in intelligence heritability, criminal behavior, disease predisposition, and other traits. According to Graves, this country cannot truly address its racial problems until people understand the empirical evidence behind this truth that separate human races do not exist. With the biological basis for race removed, racism becomes an ideology, one that can and must be deleted. In this groundbreaking book, Joseph Graves traces the development of biological thought about human genetic diversity. Greek philosophy, social Darwinism, New World colonialism, the eugenics movement, intelligence testing biases, and racial health fallacies are just a few of the topics he addresses. Graves argues that racism has persisted in our society because adequate scientific reasoning has not entered into the equation. He champions the scientific method and explains how we may properly ask scientific questions about the nature of population differentiation and how (if at all) we may correlate that diversity to observed human behavior. He also cautions us to think critically about scientific findings that have historically been misused in controversies over racial differences in intelligence heritability, criminal behavior, disease predisposition, and other traits. According to Graves, this country cannot truly address its racial problems until people understand the empirical evidence behind this truth that separate human races do not exist. With the biological basis for race removed, racism becomes an ideology, one that can and must be deleted. What is the relationship between criminality and biology? Nineteenth-century phrenologists insisted that criminality was innate, a trait inherent in the offender\'s brain matter. While they were eventually repudiated as pseudo-scientists and self-deluded charlatans, today the pendulum has swung back. Both criminologists and biologists have begun to speak of a tantalizing but disturbing possibility: that criminality may be inherited as a set of genetic deficits that place one at risk for theft, violence, and sexual deviance. If that is so, we may soon confront proposals for genetically modifying at risk fetuses or doctoring up criminals so their brains operate like those of law-abiding citizens. In The Criminal Brain, well-known criminologist Nicole Rafter traces the sometimes violent history of these criminological theories and provides an introduction to current biological theories of crime, or biocriminology, with predictions of how these theories are likely to develop in the future.What do these new theories assert? Are they as dangerous as their forerunners, which the Nazis and other eugenicists used to sterilize, incarcerate, and even execute thousands of supposed born criminals? How can we prepare for a future in which leaders may propose crime-control programs based on biology? Enhanced with fascinating illustrations and written in lively prose, The Criminal Brain examines these issues in light of the history of ideas about the criminal brain. By tracing the birth and growth of enduring ideas in criminology, as well as by recognizing historical patterns in the interplay of politics and science, she offers ways to evaluate new theories of the criminal brain that may radically reshape ideas about the causes of criminal behavior.