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International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advan International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advan

International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advan - PDF document

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International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advan - PPT Presentation

ijetaecom ISSN 2250 2459 ISO 90012008 Certified Journal Volume Issue March 2014 87 Suitability of Crushed Stone Dust as Fine Aggregate in Mortars S P S Rajput M S Chauhan Assistant professor Professor Department of Civil Engineering Maulana Azad N ID: 72818

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International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering Website: www.ijetae.com ( ISSN 2250 - 2459, ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal, Volume 4 , Issue 3 , March 2014 ) 87 Suitability of Crushed Stone Dust as Fine Aggregate in Mortars S. P. S. Rajput 1 , M. S. Chauhan 2 1 Assistant professor, 2 Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology Bhopal - 462051 (India) Abstract -- The present in vestigation shows that the characteristics of mortars and concrete using Crushed stone dust as fine aggregate are superior when compared to the natural river sand as fine aggregate. The results pertain to the most commonly used grading zone – II sand. Crus hed stone dust falling within the grading Zone II sand, grading limits specified by IS 383 code and manufactured from the hard rock is suitable as fine aggregate in masonry mortars. Also, IS - 2116 and IS 383 codes permit the use of crushed stone fine aggreg ate in masonry mortars. Keywords: Crushed stone dust, Mortar, River sand I. I NTRODUCTION In India, river sand is used as fine aggregate in mortar over a period of millions of years. In general, the demand of river sand is very high in developing countries to satisfy the rapid infrastructure growth. In this situation developing country like India facing shortage in good quality of river sand (Amnon and Hadassa 2006). Properties of sand affect the durability and performance of mortar, so fine aggreg ate is an essential component of cement mortar. Now a day’s sand is becoming a very costly material, in this situation research began for cheep and easily available alternative material than river sand. Thus Manufactured sand ( Crushed stone dust), as a fine aggregate, is an attractive alternative of river sand for cement mortars. It is purpose made fine aggregate produced by crushing and screening or further processing i.e. washing, grading, classifying of quarried rock, cobbles , boulders or gravels from which natural fine aggregate had been removed. The present study has been attempted to evaluate the characteristics of cement mortar using Crushed stone dust as fine aggregate and its compare with river sand. II. E XPERIMENTAL P ROG RAMME The main objective of the study was to examine the suitability of Crushed stone dust as fine aggregate in Mortars. Apart from characterizing the properties of Crushed stone dust, tests were performed on the mortars using Crushed stone dust as well as natural river sand. The following tests were performed: 1. Physical properties like bulk density, fineness modulus etc., grain size distribution for Crushed stone dust and natural river sand 2. Mortar and masonry characteristics using Crushed stone dust and river sand a. Compressive strength of mortar b. Flow/workability c. Compressive strength for mortar and masonry using 1:4 and 1:6 Cement: Sand ratio The test programme for mortar is shown in Tables 1. Two cement mortars (1:6 and 1:4, cement: sand by volume) wer e used in this study and tested for strength, Flow/ workability, water absorption, masonry compressive strength. Table 1 Test Programme For Mortars Using River Sand And Crushed Stone Dust Mortar and masonry property 1:6 Cement Mortar 1:4 Cement Mor tar River Sand Crushed stone dust River Sand Crushed stone dust Compressive strength at 85% flow √ √ √ √ Compressive strength for masonry √ √ ---- ---- Material Properties (A) Physical Properties Of Crushed Stone Dust And River Sand The physical p roperties of fine aggregates are given in Table 2. International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering Website: www.ijetae.com ( ISSN 2250 - 2459, ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal, Volume 4 , Issue 3 , March 2014 ) 88 Table: 2 Physical Properties Of Fine Aggregates (B) Sieve Analysis Sieve analysis (or gradation test) is a practice or procedure used to assess the particle size distr ibution for sand. Gradation affects many properties of a fine aggregate. With careful selection of the gradation, it is possible to achieve high bulk density, and low permeability. Sieve analysis of fine aggregates determined as per IS: 383 (1970) given in Table 3. Table 3 Details Of Sieve Analysis Of Natural Sand And Manufactured Sand Sieve Designation Percentage Passing Grading Limits for Zone II Sand (IS 383) Natural Sand Crushed stone dust 4.75 mm (No.4) 100 100 90 - 100 2. 36 mm (No. 8) 99.3 94.5 75 - 100 1.18 mm (No.16) 97.1 69.2 55 - 90 600 micron (No.30) 89 49.8 35 - 59 300 micron (No.50) 2.7 21.4 08 - 30 150 micron (No.100) 1 6.1 0 - 10 III. T EST R ESULTS A ND D ISCUSSION (a) Mortar characteristics using Crushed stone dust and river sand Flow/workability: Workability of the mortar should be such that it allows the mason to spread the mortar easily and adheres well to the masonry units. Fig. 1 Crushed stone dust mortar at 85% flow (no segregation) Mortar composition as wel l as water - cement ratio affects the workability. Workability of the fresh mortar can be measured by conducting a flow table test following the BS – 4551 code guidelines. Workability of fresh mortar is expressed as flow value. Fig. 1 shows mortar flow at 85 % using Crushed stone dust in 1:6 cement mortar. (b) Compressive strength for mortar: Compressive strength values given in Table 4 represent mean of three specimens. Considerable increase in compressive strength of mortars between 3 and 7 days curing irre spective of flow value for 85% and sand type for both the mortars. (c) Compressive strength of masonry: Compressive strength of masonry was examined by testing five brick high stack bonded masonry prisms. Prisms (size: 105 x 225 x 445 mm, having height t o width ratio of 4.23) were prepared using burnt clay bricks having compressive strength of 9.8 MPa (mean value) and using 1:6 cement mortar with river sand and Crushed stone dust. Compressive strength of the masonry prisms was 3.15 MPa and 4.08 MPa for mo rtar with river sand and crushed stone dust respectively. These are the mean values of six prisms. Nearly 30% increase in masonry strength due to the use of mortar with Crushed stone dust was observed. Fig. 2 shows the masonry prism failure (typical vertic al splitting cracks) using mortar with Crushed stone dust. Properties Type of Sand Crushed stone dust Natural Sand Bulk density (kg/cm 3 ) 18.18 15.3 Specific gravity 2.8 2.73 Bulking of sand (%) 4.91 5. 55 Fineness Modulus 2.49 2.10 Water absorption (%) 6.2 9.4 Crushed stone dust contains elements of Si, Al, Ca, Mg, Na, K, Fe, etc. International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering Website: www.ijetae.com ( ISSN 2250 - 2459, ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal, Volume 4 , Issue 3 , March 2014 ) 89 Table 4 Compressive Strength Mortars Mortar Proportion (by volume) Cement : Sand Flow (%) Water – cement ratio Compressive strength (MPa) River sand Crushed stone dust River sand Crushed stone dust 3 days 7 days 3 days 7 days 1:6 85 1.72 1.30 3.10 5.03 4.80 7.20 1:4 85 1.13 0.84 4.89 8.35 10.8 14.0 Fig. 2 (A) Typical Failure Pattern Fig. 2 (B) Prism With Strain Gauge IV. C ONCLUSIONS Based on the study following conclusion has been drawn: 1. Grading limits of Crushed stone dust lies in the grading Zone - II sand, grading limits specified by IS 383 code. 2. Bulk density and specific gravity of Crushed st one dust are comparable to those of river sand. 3. Mortars with Crushed stone dust show better workability and to achieve a specific flow value when compared to mortars with river sand. 4. Compressive strength of mortar with Crushed stone dust is higher than tha t of the mortar with river sand for mortar flow in the range of 85%. 5. Crushed stone dust mortar shows higher compressive strength and modulus for masonry when compared with the values for masonry using river sand. REFERENCES [1] Amnon K., and Hadassa B., (2006), “Effect of high levels of fines content on concrete properties”, ACI Material Journal, 103, pp 474 - 481. [2] BS: 4551 - 1980, "British standard methods of testing mortars, screeds and plasters", British Standards Institution, U. K. [3] IS: 456 – 20 00, “Plain and reinforced concrete – code of practice”, Bureau of India Standards, New Delhi, India. [4] IS: 383 – 1970 (2002), “Specification for coarse and fine aggregates from natural sources for concrete”, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, India. [5] IS: 2116 – 1980 (1998), “Specification for sand for masonry mortars”, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, India. [6] IS: 2250 – 1981 (2000), "Indian Standard Code of Practice for Preparation and Use of Masonry Mortars", Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi. [7] IS : 1905 - 1987, "Code of Practice for Structural Use of Un reinforced Masonry", Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi [8] IS: 1199 – 1959 (2004), “Methods of sampling and analysis of concrete” Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, India. [9] IS: 516 – 1959 (2004), “Methods of tests for strength of concrete”, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, India.