What is the difference between a vertebrate and an invertebrate Vertebrates are animals with a backbone invertebrate are animals without a backbone Do you think there are more vertebrates or invertebrate ID: 779043
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Animals: Invertebrates
Slide2Characteristics of InvertebratesWhat is the difference between a vertebrate and an invertebrate?
Vertebrates are animals with a backbone, invertebrate are animals without a backboneDo you think there are more vertebrates or invertebrate?Invertebrates make up 90% of all animal speciesAll animals, including invertebrates are multicellular, and most have specialized cells
Slide3Sponges
Grows attached to one spot on the ocean floor Body of sponges have many pores, or holesMoving ocean water carries food and oxygen through the pores into the sponge At the same time it releases waste products into the water Sponges function on their own
Slide4CoelenteratesAll contain a central cavity with only one opening
Have a cup-shaped body Most of their mouths are surrounded by tentacles with stinging cells called nematocystsThey use these stingers to kill or stun other animalsOnce food is stunned and eaten, waste product will exit through the same opening Unlike sponges, coelenterates contain groups of cells that perform specialized functionsExamples: coral, sea anemones, jellyfish
Slide5CoralsCorals, like all coelenterates, are soft-bodied organisms
They use minerals in the water to build a hard protective covering of limestoneCorals live together in colonies, grow into wide variety of shapes and colors Algae live inside coral’s body and help make them food
Slide6Slide7Sea Anemones
Look like underwater flowersHave stinging cells that poison fish when they swim over , then they eat the fishClownfish, however, are not harmed by the anemones Jellyfish
Can deliver a painful poison through its stinging cellsAlso use their tentacles to gather foodMove by jet propulsionOverview video
Slide8WormsWorms take part in the formation of some pearls
They act as an irritantWorms are classified into 3 groupsFlatwormsRoundworms Segmented worms
Slide9Flatworms
Have flat bodies and live in ponds and streamsCan regrow missing or cut off body partsExamples: Planarians , and tapeworm(attach themselves to a host and takes food and water from it)Roundworms
Resemble strands of spaghetti Food passes from the mouth end to the tail end through a digestive tubeTrichinosis is a disease caused by eating pork containing roundworms, that is painful and harmful to cure
Slide10Segmented Worms
Example: EarthwormHave a digestive system with a crop and gizzardCrop is a saclike organ that stored foodGizzard grinds up food and then passes it into the worm’s intestine Closed circulatory systemMoist skin for gas exchangeSexual reproductive system
Simple nervous system
Slide11Mollusks
“Mollusks” means soft in LatinExamples are snails, clams, octopus, and squidsMollusks have a soft fleshy bodyMost have a strong muscular foot Head region contains the mouth and sense organs such as the eyes A soft mantle covers much of the body, this produces the material that make up the hard shellGrouped according to characteristics such as a shell presence, shell type, and foot type
Slide12One-Shelled Mollusks
Called univalvesOnly have 1 shellHave interesting features in their mouths called radulaIt resembles a file and is used to file off bits of plant matter into smaller pieces to be swallowed
Called bivalvesHave two shellsMove through the water by clapping their two shells together, which force water out between the shellsDo not have radulaOften called filter feeders since they spend most of their time straining the water for foodTwo-shelled Mollusks
Slide13Head-Footed MollusksMost highly developed mollusks
Include the octopus, squid, and the nautilusMost do not have an outer shell, but have some type of shell somewhere on their bodiesMove by water propulsion Watch video “Mollusks”
Slide14 Spiny-Skinned AnimalsSpiny-skinned animals are invertebrates with rough, spiny skinStarfish, sand dollar, sea cucumber, sea urchins
Starfish are not really fish they are a type of spiny-skinned animalHave 5 or more arms with tubes that resemble suction cups on the bottom of themThese tubes help the animal move and help open clam shells to eat them
Slide15Slide16Arthropods Most successful invertebrates on the earth
The name arthropod mean jointed legs Their jointed legs and exoskeleton are main characteristicsAn exoskeleton is a ridge outer covering, it does not grow as the animal growsSome types are crustaceans, centipedes, millipedes, arachnids, and insects
Slide17Crustaceans
Examples: crabs, lobsters, crayfish, and shrimpAll live in a watery environmentObtain oxygen from the water through their gillsBodies are divided into segmentsCentipedes/Millipedes
Described as worms with legsCentipedes have 1 pair of legs on each segment, while millipedes have 2Centipedes eat animals, millipedes eat plantsCentipedes can inject poison, while millipedes cannot
Arachnids
Includes spiders, scorpions, ticks, and mites
Bodies are divided into 2 main sectionsHead-chest sectionAbdominal sectionVery in shape and size, however, all have 8 legs
Slide18INSECTSSection 10-8
There are more kinds of insects than all other animal species combined.
It is estimated that there are over 300 MILLION insects for every single person alive on the earth!
Slide19INSECTSA little about insects!
Insects can flyThey vary in appearanceInsects eat the plants we use for food
Others eat the clothes we wearSome even eat your house!
Slide20INSECTS
Insect AnatomyDivided into three main sections
HeadThorax Abdomen Insects have three pairs of legs Most have wings Have an open circulatory systemTheir blood is not contained in blood vessels
Slide21INSECTSSimple vs Compound Eye
Insects have compound eyesMore than one lensWe have simple eyesOnly one lens
Slide22Slide23INSECTSMETAPHORSIS
Insects go through several stages of growth and development Many change in appearance Different stages includeEggsLarva: stage that the insect emerges from the egg Pupa: stage in an insects life when it is wrapped in a cocoon.
Adult
Slide24Slide25INSECTS
Most lead solitary livesInsects attract mates in differ waysOne way is by giving off a scent called a pheromones
Slide26INSECTSOther insects are known as social insect, they cannot survive alone, these insect form coloniesExample: ants, bees, termites, wasp
Slide27INSECTSInsects have many defense mechanisms to aid their survivalcamouflage