Buddhism Hinduism Hinduism is a religion that began in India The religion dates back to 1500 BC making it the worlds oldest religion There are 750 million Hindus in the world today Most Hindus still live in India ID: 543407
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Hinduism &BuddhismSlide2
Hinduism
Hinduism is a religion that began in India.
The religion dates back to 1500 B.C., making it the worlds oldest religion.
There are 750 million Hindus in the world today.
Most Hindus still live in India. Slide3
Hindu Beliefs
Hindus believe in a single Divinity or supreme God that is present in everything called
Brahman
.
Hindus also believe in other gods who are aspects of that supreme God such
as the Trinity:
Shiva
,
Brahma
,
and
Vishnu
.
A Hindu believes that the individual soul (
atman
) Slide4
Karma and Reincarnation
Reincarnation
is the belief that the soul repeatedly goes through a cycle of being born into a body, dying, and being reborn again in a new body.
Karma,
a force that determines the quality of each life, depending on how well one behaved in a past life.
Hinduism
says we create karma by our actions on earth.
If you live a good life, you create good karma. If you live a bad life, you create bad karma. Slide5
Reincarnation
Samsara
is the wheel of rebirth which means the soul is
reborn from
one life form to another
.
Continuous cycle of birth, death and rebirth
People may be reincarnated at a higher or lower level of existence depending on their karma from their present life.People may be reborn as plants or animals or they may be elevated to a higher caste as a human.
Death is not final for Hindus as they expect to be reborn many times.Slide6
Moksha
Each time a Hindu soul is born into a better life, it has the opportunity to improve itself further, and get closer to ultimate liberation.
This liberation is called
Moksha
.
One attains Moksha when one has "overcome ignorance", and no longer desires anything at all.
The ones who reach this state no longer struggle with the cycle of life and death.
The way to get to Moksha is to not create any karma. Three paths to achieve Moksha
The
path of duty, the path of knowledge, and the path of devotion (unconditional surrender to God).Slide7
Brahma
The Creator
Brahma is the first member of the Hindu Trinity and is “the Creator”
He
periodically creates everything in the universe. (The word periodically here refers to the Hindu belief that time is cyclical; everything in the universe — except for Brahman and certain Hindu scriptures — is created, maintained for a certain amount of time, and then destroyed in order to be renewed in ideal form again.)Slide8
Vishnu
The Maintainer or Preserver
S
econd
member of the Hindu Trinity.
He
maintains the order and harmony of the universe, which is periodically created by Brahma and periodically destroyed by Shiva to prepare for the next creation
.Vishnu is worshipped in many forms and in several avatars (incarnations). Vishnu is an important, somewhat mysterious god. Less visible than nature gods that preside over elements (such as fire and rain), Vishnu is the pervader — the divine essence that pervades the universe. He is usually worshipped in the form of an avatar
VISHNUSlide9
Shiva
The destroyer
Third
member of the Hindu
Trinity,
Tasked
with destroying the universe in order to prepare for its renewal at the end of each cycle of time
. Shiva’s destructive power is regenerative: It’s the necessary step that makes renewal possible.Hindus customarily invoke Shiva before the beginning of any religious or spiritual endeavor; they believe that any bad vibrations in the immediate vicinity of worship are eliminated by the mere utterance of his praise or name.
SHIVASlide10
Dharma
Dharma
:
ethical duty based on the divine order of reality.
The
word is the closest equivalent to “religion
.”
Belief that a person has an obligation or a dutySlide11
Varna-Social Class
Brahmans
or
Brahmins
- the intellectuals and the priestly class who perform religious rituals
Kshatriya
(nobles or warriors) - who traditionally had power
Vaishya (commoners or merchants) - ordinary people who produce, farm, trade and earn a livingShudras (workers) - who traditionally served the higher classes, including laborers, artists, musicians, and clerksSlide12
Sacred Writings
The
Vedas
collections of Sanskrit hymns (written down 1200-900BCE, but based on older oral versions).
The
oral traditions that had been handed down were recorded in sacred books called Vedas, or “Books of Knowledge.”
The Upanishads which means the inner or mystic teaching that were passed down from guru (teacher) to disciple (student).Slide13
Festival:
Diwali
Diwali
: “Row of lights
Takes place in Oct. or Nov.
It is a series of five
festivals
Lights
are
floated on small rafts
If the candle remains lit, good luck
will follow
.
India’s biggest and most
important holiday of the yearSlide14
The Ganges River
Falling from
Its source of
Vishnu’s feet
onto Shiva’s
head and out
from his hair,
the water of
the Ganges is
sacred enough
to purify all
sins.Slide15
Banaras - Hindu’s Holy City
Pilgrims come from all over
to bathe in the Ganges.
Countless Hindus come to Banaras to die.
It has 1500 temples, most of them devoted to Shiva.
It is a gathering place for the religiously learned and their disciples.Slide16
Jainism
Jainism is an ancient religion from India that teaches that the way to liberation and bliss is to live a life of harmlessness and renunciation. The aim of Jain life is to achieve liberation of the soul.Slide17
BUDDHISM
The philosophy of Buddhism is based on the teachings of Lord Buddha, Siddhartha Gautama (563 and 483 BC), a royal prince of Kapilvastu, India.
At the age of twenty nine he left the comforts of his home to seek answer to the cause of human sufferings
.
Gautama became the enlightened one, the Buddha, after wandering and meditation for
six years.Slide18
Buddhism
Buddhism teaches its followers to perform good and wholesome actions and to purify and train the mind.
Final goal is to achieve NirvanaSlide19
Spread of Buddhism
The
Buddha spent 45 years traveling throughout India teaching the Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path.
Through
his efforts, he was able to gain a large following of several thousand disciples
.
After his death, the Buddha’s followers continued to travel, preaching the new religion throughout the Asian continent, into China, Japan, Korea, and eventually throughout the World.Slide20
Four Noble Truths Of Buddhism
Life
is suffering;
Suffering is due to attachment;
Attachment can be overcome
There is a path for accomplishing this.Slide21
Eight Fold Path Of Buddhism
Right
view is the true understanding of the four noble truths.
Right aspiration is the true desire to free oneself from attachment, ignorance, and hatefulness.
Right speech involves abstaining from lying, gossiping, or hurtful talk.
Right action involves abstaining from hurtful behaviors, such as killing, stealing
,Slide22
Eight Fold Path of Buddhism
Right livelihood means making your living in such a way as to avoid dishonesty and hurting others, including animals.
Right effort is a matter of exerting oneself in regards to the content of one's mind: Bad qualities should be abandoned and prevented from arising again; Good qualities should be enacted and nurtured.
Right mindfulness is the focusing of one's attention on one's body, feelings, thoughts, and consciousness in such a way as to overcome craving, hatred, and ignorance.
Right concentration is meditating in such a way as to progressively realize a true understanding of imperfection, impermanence, and non-separateness.Slide23