The Mogul Dynasty 1500 India is divided into Hindu and Muslim Kingdoms Moguls were not natives of India Founder was Babur Smaller army but had better weapons Captured Delhi Akbar Grandson of Babur ID: 758465
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Slide1
Moguls
Chapter 15, Section IIISlide2
The Mogul Dynasty
1500India is divided into Hindu and Muslim Kingdoms.
Moguls were not natives of India.
Founder was
Babur. Smaller army, but had better weapons.Captured Delhi.Slide3
Akbar
Grandson of Babur
By 1605, most of India was under his rule.
Heavy artillery.
Appeared highly centralized, but was actually a collection of semi-independent states.Greatest of Mogul monarchsHumane character.Religious tolerance.Interest in other religions (inc. Hinduism).
Hindu princess as one of his wives.
Jesuit advisors at court.Slide4
Akbar
GovernmentHigh ranking non-native Muslims.
Lower ranking officials were Hindus.
Lower officials were given plots of farmland for temporary use.
zamindars-= they kept a portion of the taxes the peasants paid in lieu of a salary.Slide5
Akbar
Akbar era = progress.Peasants gave 1/3 of annual harvest to the state.
If they had bad weather, taxes were reduced or suspended.
Trade and manufacturing flourished.
Textiles, food, spices, precious stones were exported.Gold and silver were imported.Arab traders.Slide6
Decline of the Moguls
Akbar’s son Jahangir (juh
-HAHN-
GIHR
)1628-1658Grip weakened.Empress Nur Jahan tried to enrich her own family.
Niece + husband’s third son (Shah
Jahan
)
Maintained political system.
Expanded the boundaries of
empire.Slide7
Shah Jahan’s
problems
Domestic problems
An empty treasury.
Majority of his subjects lived in poverty.Mid 1650s became ill.Struggle for power between two sons.Aurangzeb had his brother put to death and imprisoned his father.
Then crowned emperor in 1658.Slide8
A Controversial Ruler
Wanted to eliminate social “evils”.
Forbade
suttee
= cremating a
widow on
her husbands’ funeral pyre).
Levying illegal taxes.
Tried to forbid gambling and drinking too.Slide9
Aurangzeb’s Religious Policies
Devout Muslim.
Reversed
religious tolerance
Prohibited the building of new Hindu temples.Hindus were forced to convert to Islam.Slide10
Domestic Unrest
Hindu outcries over religious policies.
Revolts against imperial authority.
Divided India was vulnerable to attack from abroad.
1739, Delhi was sacked by the Persians.