UNIT 7 2ºESO - PowerPoint Presentation

UNIT 7 2ºESO VOCABULARY . ACTION AND PROTEST PHRASAL VERBS: A CAMPAIGN GRAMMAR WILL BE GOING TO FIRST CONDITIONAL

VOCABULARY NOUN VERB SPANISH BAN BAN Prohibición / Prohibir BOYCOTT BOYCOTT Boicot / Boicotear CAMPAIGN CAMPAIGN Campaña / Hacer campaña MARCH MARCH Manifestación / Manifestarse PETITION PETITION Petición / Pedir PROTEST PROTEST Protesta / Protestar SPONSOR SPONSOR Patrocinador/ Patrocinar SUPPORT SUPPORT Apoyo / Apoyar VOLUNTEER VOLUNTEER Voluntario / Hacer voluntariado CAMPAIGNER Defensor- Activista COLLECTION COLLECT Colecta / Recolectar DONATION DONATE Donación / Donar ORGANISER ORGANISE Organizador / organizar ORGANISATION Organización PROTESTER Manifestante PUBLICITY PUBLICISE Publicidad / Publicitar SUPPORTER Seguidor

VOCABULARY PHRASAL VERBS : A campaign Carry on : To continue End up : to reach a final state or condition:I ended up tired, hungry, and broke. Find out : to come upon / meet with by chance; Join in : to become a member of Look after : To take care of Set up : to establish or start Sign up: to join an organization or group Wipe out : to destroy completely

WILL & MIGHT (may) WILL AUXILIARY MODAL VERB Don’t change Do / does / did Followed by infinitive No meaning on their own + infinitive = FUTURE I PLAY I PLAYED I WILL PLAY I WON’T PLAY Will you go to the cinema tonight ? yes, I will / No, I won’t Negative form = WON’T She WON’T study SHE WILL GO TO THE CINEMA ON FRIDAY

WILL & MIGHT (may) MIGHT ( may ) MODAL VERB Don’t change Do / does / did Followed by infinitive Meaning : PUEDE QUE … Negative form = MIGHT NOT She WON’T study SHE MIGHT GO TO THE CINEMA ON FRIDAY

SHE WILL GO TO THE CINEMA ON FRIDAYHighly probability 98% SHE MIGHT GO TO THE CINEMA ON FRIDAY Improbable / I don’t know … 40%

WILL It is considered a modal verb so … It doesn’t change ( No “s”) She will study / We will study … It is followed by an infinitive She will STUDY Negative form = WON’T She WON’T study Questions = Changing the order WILL she study ? Where WILL she live ?

AFFIRMATIVEI WILL clean the car tomorrow She WILL live in New York in two years time They WILL work as teachers in the future NEGATIVE It WON’T rain tomorrow She WON’T have to study for the exam I WON’T go to college INTERROGATIVE WILL you come with us to the party ? WILL your mother let you study in my house ?

USES FIRST CONDITIONAL To express the results of a condition in a future If it rains…..If it doesn’t rain ….If you study …If you don’t study …What will you do if it rains?First conditional structure I will stay at home I WON’T stay at home You will pass your exams You WON’T pass your exams IF + Present simple / / Subject + ‘ll / will / won’t + Infinitive

In this kind of structure IF can be replaced by UNLESS / WHEN and AS SOON AS

WHEN / AS SOON AS / UNLESS WHEN If it doesn’t rain I will go to the beachWhen it doesn’t rain I will go to the beach AS SOON ASMy mother will make dinner as soon as she arrives home UNLESS It means “IF NOT” and it is ALWAYS used with a positive verb Unless you practise you won’t win a medal

FINISH THESE SENTENCES “If you eat too much chocolate…. “ If she breaks with her boyfriend…“You’ll get tired if you …“If they come to the party …“He will feel great if he …“They won’t pass the exam if they …As you can see they are made with a present tense sentence and a future IF + PRESENT SIMPLE / WILL-WON’T + INFINITIVE YOU CAN’T USE WILL AND IF TOGETHER You WILL get fat She WILL cry a lot DON’T sleep eight hours They WILL meet my brother he PASSES his exams They DON’T study

Finish these sentences … If you study you … If she eats healthy she..If they don’t run faster…If my brother comes to the party….If people recycle more…If it rains…YOU WILL PASS YOUR EXAMS SHE WILL LOSE WEIGHT THE POLICE WILL CATCH THEM SALLY WILL BE HAPPYI WILL TAKE MY UMBRELLA THERE WILL BE LESS POLLUTION

Finish these sentences … If you break a mirror …. If he doesn’t study harder …If you feel sick…If they play in the rain….If you walk slowlyYOU WILL HAVE SEVEN BAD LUCK YEARSHE WILL FAIL THE EXAM YOU WILL GO TO THE DOCTOR YOU WILL ARRIVE LATE THEY WILL GET WET

WILL - USES To express the results of a condition in a future FIRST CONDITIONAL It is used to talk about future facts “I will be 35 in July” (It’s my birthday)To make predictiones based on what we THINK/ HOPE/BELIEVE…I think I’ll study laws in the futureTo express spontaneous decisions, offers, promise adn request“I like the car” – “I’ll buy t” “I’m thirsty” – “I’ll give you a glass of water ”

“GOING TO” I am (I’m) You are (You’re) He is (He’s) She is (She’s) It is (It’s) We are (We’re) You are (You’re) They are (They’re) going to ( base form of verb = Infinitive without “to”) AFFIRMATIVE :

“GOING TO” I am not (I’m not) You are not (You aren’t) He is not (He isn’t) She is not (She isn’t) It is not (It isn’t) We are not (We aren’t)You are not (You aren’t) They are not (They aren’t) going to ( base form of verb =Infinitive without “to”) NEGATIVE :

“GOING TO” I you he /she /it we/you/they going to Base ? INTERROGATIVE : Am Is Are Short answers Yes, + Subject pronoun + am / is / are. No, + Subject pronoun + isn’t / aren’t. *(Note: No, I’m not).

BE GOING TO + INFINITIVE It is also a future tense. When you want to talk about future you usually use WILL BE GING TO + INFINITIVE is used to talk about Our intentions in the future Voy a ….Predictions based on something , something you know is going to happen Plans, intentions. Future plans Thngs that have been planned Future facts “I will be 35 in July” (It’s my birthday)Predictiones based on what we THINK/ HOPE/BELIEVE … I think I’ll study laws in the futureSpontaneous decisions, offers, promise adn request “I like the car” – “I’ll buy t” “I’m thirsty” – “I’ll give you a glass of water” To express the results of a condition in a future CONDITIONAL I “If you study you will pass “

WILL/GOING TO I will probably go to Italy next Summer I am going to fly to Italy next Saturday

WILL I left the door open. I’ ll close it right now. ( In the restaurant) W : What would you like to drink? I’ ll have a cup of coffee, please. Did you call Sue? No, I forgot it. I’ll call her tonight Instant decisions Decisions at the time of speaking

I am little hungry. I think I’ ll have a sandwich. I don’t think I’ ll go out tonight. I am too tired . Personal opinions

Don’t worry. I will help you with your homework. I will love you forever. Will you marry me? Offers Promises Requests

Predictions based on what we think) You will be rich one day.

Future Simple We use the modal WILL + the base form of the main verb for: 1. Predictions . You will get married and have 10 children! 2. Quick decisions . I’ll have another cup of coffee, please! 3. Promises . Ok! I’ll call you tomorrow. I WILL (’ll) call You WILL (’ll) call He / She WILL (’ll) call We WILL (’ll) call You WILL (’ll) callThey WILL (’ll) call

BE GOING TO We use BE GOING TO + the base form of the main verb for: 1. Plans / Intentions . I am going to practise hard to become a rock star! 2. Predictions based on clear signs . Look at those clouds! It is going to rain! I am going to + V You are going to + V He / She is going to + V We are going to + V You are going to + VThey are going to + V

I AM GOING TO : I HAVE DECIDED TO DO STH. Today, I am going to read my favourite novel, then I am going to phone my best friend and finally I am going to drive my new motorcycle.

PREDICTIONS WITH PRESENT EVIDENCE Look at those black clouds! It’ s going to rain. She is pregnant. She’ s going to have a baby.

Look at that car! It is going to crash into that tree. Offers Promises Predictions on present evidence

REMEMBER! PREDICTIONS QUICK DECISIONS PROMISES PLANS / INTENTIONS PREDICTIONS BASED ON CLEAR SIGNS WILL + V BE GOING TO + V

1) Why are you working so hard these days? - Because I’m going to buy (buy) a car, so I’m saving. 2) What (you) are you going to buy Jill for her birthday? (buy) - A CD. -mmm But She hasn’t got a CD player. - In that case, I will (buy )her a book. 3) Dad, can you mend this for me? - I’m sorry. Ask Mum . will do it for you. She 4) Why have you got so many eggs? -Because I am going to 5) I haven’t got enough money to get home . - I will lend (lend) you some. How much do you need? (make) an omelette.

6) A: Why are you holding a piece of paper? B: I …………………….. (write) a letter to my friends back home in Texas 7) A: I'm about to fall asleep. I need to wake up! B: I …………………(get) you a cup of coffee. 8) We are so excited about our trip next month to France. We ……………………. (visit) Paris, Nice and Grenoble. 9) I think he …………………. (be) the next British Prime Minister. am going to will are going to will

Will / Be Going to 1. A: Why are you holding a piece of paper? B: I (write)___________ a letter to my friends back home in Texas. 2. A: I'm about to fall asleep. I need to wake up! B: I (get)_________ you a cup of coffee. That will wake you up. 3. A: I can't hear the television! B: I (turn) __________ it up so you can hear it. 4. We are so excited about our trip next month to France. We (visit) ___________Paris and Nice. Am going to write ‘ll turn are going to visit ‘ll get Am going to write ‘ll get ‘ll turn Am going to write ‘ll get

5. A: It is so hot in here! B: I (turn)________ the air conditioning on. 6. I think he (be)_________ the next President of the United States. 7. I am ___________to work in ten minutes. 8. I guess I ____________stay home tonight. 9. I________be in Texas next week. ‘ll turn will be going to will will ‘ll turn will be going to ‘ll turn will be will going to ‘ll turn will be will will going to ‘ll turn will be ‘ll turn will be

Will or be going to 1. Look! I’ve just won 100$. I will / am going to buy myself a new jacket at last. 2. He doesn’t look healthy and smokes like a chimney. He will / is going to have a heart attack one day. 3. Sarah is going on holiday tomorrow. I’m sure she will / is going to enjoy it. 4. I’ve decided to stay at home tonight. I will / am gong to study for my history test.5. Al is coming to our party. I hope he will / isn’t going to / is going not to bring anyone with him.6. Just look at Susan. Everybody can see that she will / is going to have a baby.7. Don’t pick up the phone, I will / am gong to answer it. Let’s practice

Let’s practice again Present Continuous or Present Simple 1. I play / am playing tennis with David tomorrow. 2. Our plane take off / takes off / is taking off at six in the morning. 3. What time does last train leave / is last train leaving?4. We are not going to / don’t go to Jessica’s this evening, she is ill. 5. School starts / start / is starting at 8.45.6. The exam don’t finish / doesn’t finish / is not finishing until 3.30. 8. The match finish / finishes / is finishing at 4.45.

Will, be going to or Present Continuous Choose the right answer. Jane has passed all her exams and She’ll study in Prague next year. She’s going to study in Prague next year. 2. He rides that motorbike much too fast. He’s going to have an accident soon. He’s having an accident soon. 3. We’ve got some bad news. We aren’t coming tomorrow. We aren’t going to come tomorrow. 4. What Will you do this evening? Are you doing this evening? 6. Don’t worry! She’ll be here soon. She’s going to be here soon.

CONDITIONALS 1st and second conditionals

They are composed by two parts 1. Expresses the condition (IF CLAUSE) If you climb up that tree 2. Expresses the consequences ….you will fallThere are 3 main types of conditional patternsI. PROBABLE conditionII. IMPROBABLE conditionIII. IMAGINARY condition Conditional sentences

FIRST CONDITIONAL Probable condition Probability 90% Remember they are composed by two parts If clause ( condition)ConsequenceFirst conditional structure IF WHENUNLESS AS SOON AS IF + Present simple / / Subject + ‘ll / will / won’t + Infinitive

If you study hard you will pass your exams The order can be changed and it can be used in a positive and negative way You will pass if you study hard If you don’t study hard you won’t pass You won’t pass if you don’t study hard IF + Present simple / / Subject + ‘ll / will / won’t + Infinitive Remember that we never use the future in the IF CLAUSE

USES First conditional are used to talk about future actions and their consequencesIf you don’t go to the party you won’t meet PaulBut it can be also used to give warningsIf she smokes she will feel sick You can use MAY / MIGHT / COULD / CAN instead of WILL If she comes she could meet Paul You can use WHEN / AS SOON AS / UNLESS instead of IF

WHEN / AS SOON AS / UNLESS WHEN If it doesn’t rain I will go to the beachWhen it doesn’t rain I will go to the beach AS SOON ASMy mother will make dinner as soon as she arrives home UNLESS It means “IF NOT” and it is ALWAYS used with a positive verb Unless you practise you won’t win a medal

FIRST CONDITIONAL If the weather is nice, we will go for a walk. If you don’t apologize , she will never trust you again. The first conditional refers to the present and future . It expresses a possible condition and its probable result in the future. If clause: PRESENT SIMPLE Main clause: FUTURE SIMPLE

SECOND CONDITIONAL Improbable condition Probability 10% Remember they are composed by two parts If clause ( condition)ConsequenceSecond conditional structure IF + Past simple / / Subject + ‘d / would / wouldn’t + Infinitive

If you spoke French we would travel to Paris The order can be changed and it can be used in a positive and negative way We would travel to Paris if you spoke French If you didn’t speak French we wouldn’t travel to Paris We wouldn’t travel to Paris if you didn’t speak French Remember that we never use the futurWOULD in the IF CLAUSE IF + Past simple / / Subject + ‘d / would / wouldn’t + Infinitive

If I were you I wouldn’t do that If I were a boy I would turn off my phone If I were a rich man … If Peter were a wealthy man he wouldn't have to work hard In this kind of sentences you can use either WAS or WERE (WAS is more colloquial)

USES Second conditional is used to talk about the consequences of an imaginary or hypothetical situation in the present or in the future (Impossible/improbable situation)If I had a lot of money I would buy myself a yatchWhat would you buy f you had a million euros?... But it can be also used to give advices If I were you I wouldn’t smoke so much

Jack wants to buy a house but he can’t do this because he doesn’t have any money. If I had a lot of money, I would buy a big house. SECOND CONDITIONAL

Susan wants to phone Paul but she can’t do this because she doesn’t know his number. If I knew his number, I would phone him. SECOND CONDITIONAL

If I had a lot of money, I would buy a big house. If I knew his number, I would phone him. if-clause: PAST TENSE SIMPLE main clause: PRESENT CONDITIONAL would + infinitive SECOND CONDITIONAL The second conditional refers to the present and future. It expresses an unreal situation and its probable result. The situation or condition is improbable, impossible, imaginary, or contrary to known facts.

FIRST v. SECOND CONDITIONAL THE DIFFERENCE: FIRST and SECOND CONDITIONAL Both conditionals refer to the present and future . The difference is about probability , not time . First conditional: real and possible situations Second conditional: unlikely to happen If John runs fast, he will win the race.If John ran fast, he would win the race. This is still possible to happen. This is unlikely to happen because John doesn’t run fast.

CAN / COULD / BE ABLE TO First thing you mut know is that CAN is used in the present tense I can speak three languages COULD is used in the past tense I could touch my nose with my tongue when I was six BE ABLE TO is a tense wich must be conjugated . I will be able to speak French in two years MODAL VERBS I I AM ABLE TO speak English todayI WAS ABLE TO speak French when I was 12 I WILL BE ABLE TO speak German in three years , I’m studying now CAN / COULD / BE ABLE TO

I can speak three languages I could touch my nose with my tongue when I was sixI will be able to speak French in two yearsThese 3 examples talk about the ability of doing something either in the past, future or the present tense.

You can go out tonight because you have finished your homework They couldn’t pass the driving test yesterdayI won’t be able to phone you tomorrow because I will be flying to New YorkThey can be used to talk about something which is or isn’t possible in a particular situation

George has travelled a lot. He___________ speak four languagesI used to stand on my head but I ___________ do it now. When Tim was 16, he was a fast runner. He ___________ run 100 metres in 11 seconds. Sandra ___________ drive but she hasn't got a car. Ask Catherine about your problem. She ___________ help you. I was feeling sick yesterday. I ___________ eat anything. Sue wasn't at home when I phoned but I ___________ contact her at her office. _______________ to finish your homework for tomorrow? I can't see you on Friday but I ___________ meet you on Saturday evening. CAN CAN’T COULD CAN CAN COULDN’T COULD WILL YOU BE ABLE CAN

https://elt.oup.com/student/englishfile/intermediate/a_grammar/file03/nef_int_grammar03_c01?cc=us&selLanguage=en https:// www.englishclub.com/grammar/verbs-modals_can.htm http:// www.ecenglish.com/learnenglish/lessons/can-could-be-able http:// www.eslgamesplus.com/conditionals-review-rally/ http:// www.eslgamesplus.com/modal-verbs-can-could-might-must-should-would-catapult /