PPT-Water and Organic Molecules in Protoplanetary Disks

HighR Spectroscopy TMT science amp instrument workshop 　 Oct 1617 2013 Tokyo Hideko Nomura Tokyo Tech Matthew J Richter UC Davis 1 Introduction From protoplanetary disk to planets. Lecture by C.P. Dullemond. Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics. Heidelberg University. Image . Credit. : NASA. The Big Questions. After C. Mordasini. > 10 billion galaxies in the Universe. 100 billion stars in each. RAID (Redundant Arrays of Independent Disks). Disk . organization technique that manages a large number of disks, providing a view of a single disk of. High capacity and high speed up using multiple disk in parallel. Phil Armitage. Colorado. Processes in Protoplanetary Disks. Disk structure. Disk evolution. Turbulence. Episodic accretion. Single particle evolution. Ice lines and persistent radial structure. Transient structures in disks. organic compounds. isomers. functional groups . Much of the chemistry of life is based on organic compounds. organic compounds. have at least one carbon atom covalently bound to either:. another carbon atom. Phil Armitage. Colorado. Processes in Protoplanetary Disks. Disk structure. Disk evolution. Turbulence. Episodic accretion. Single particle evolution. Ice lines and persistent radial structure. Transient structures in disks. and RAID. Outline. Disks. Disk scheduling algorithms. Redundancy in storage . systems, RAID. 2. Disk Geometry. Disks have multiple platters. Each platter has . an arm and a head for accessing data. The arms for the different platters move together. Phil Armitage. Colorado. Processes in Protoplanetary Disks. Disk structure. Disk evolution. Turbulence. Episodic accretion. Single particle evolution. Ice lines and persistent radial structure. Transient structures in disks. Reads and writes are equally fast.. Arrays of these disks are used to provide highly reliable storage.. Increasingly popular as they are fast and do not contain moving parts.. Magnetic Disks.. . What is a magnetic disk and how it works. NOT THE SAME AS EVOLUTION. First life. 3.6 Billion years ago. First life was likely simple. Bacteria-like. Single-celled, no organelles. Early Earth. Early Earth had . NO OXYGEN. Atmosphere had CO2, Carbon monoxide, nitrogen, water, hydrogen. CHAPTER 25. CAMPBELL and REECE. Conditions on early Earth made the Origin of Life possible. Macroevolution :. evolutionary change above the species level. examples:. emergence of terrestrial vertebrates. Use multiple smaller disks (c.f. one large disk). Parallelism improves performance. Plus extra disk(s) for redundant data storage. Provides fault tolerant storage system. Especially if failed disks can be “hot swapped”. Bio-Chemistry (AKA Organic Chemistry). Inorganic Compounds. : from minerals or non-living source.. Organic Compounds. : contain . Carbon. & come from a living thing.. Carbon can combine with other elements to form millions of compounds.. Don Porter. Portions courtesy Emmett . Witchel. 1. Quick Recap. CPU Scheduling. Balance competing concerns with heuristics. What were some goals?. No perfect solution. Today: Block device scheduling. Chem. 1. Introduction to organic structure & bonding. 1.1: Drawing organic structures. A. Formal charge. B. Common bonding patterns. C. Using ‘line structure’ (aka line-bond) convention. D. Constitutional (aka structural) isomers.