Freshman English Sentence Introduction A sentence is a word or group of words that contains a subject and a verb and that expresses a complete thought He smiles Autumn leaves twirled gently to the ground ID: 512499
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Slide1
Grammar Basics
Freshman EnglishSlide2
Sentence Introduction
A sentence is a word, or group of words that contains a subject and a verb and that expresses a complete thought
He smiles.
Autumn leaves twirled gently to the ground.
The park district will open an outdoor ice skating rink in November.Slide3
There are 2 parts to all sentences:
The subject part tells Who or what?
The predicate part tells us what about it?Slide4
Look at the first sentence you wrote.
He
smiles
.
subject-(ask
yourself “Who?” or “What?”)=
He
predicate-
(ask
yourself “what about it “he.” )=
smiles
.
Now look at the next sentence.
Autumn leaves twirled gently to the ground
Find the subject and the predicate.Slide5
Now do the last one on your own- Underline the subject once and the predicate twice.
The
park district will open an outdoor ice skating rink in November
.
End of Day 1Slide6
Sometimes subject and predicate parts can be sneaky-
Understood subjects
Subjects
can sometimes be understood even if they are not actually seen in the sentence.
Ex. Go to the library.
Understood subject = You
Predicate= go to the LibrarySlide7
Subjects at the end of a
sentence
Some sentences begin with a clause and end with the subject. If you ask yourself “Who or What is the sentence about,” you will easily find the subject.
ex. Under the cabinet is toilet paper.
Because they were deeply in love, the couple decided to marry.
End of day 2 notesSlide8
Identifying Predicate parts of a sentence can be tricky too-
You must find the verb, BUT there are 3 types of verbs:
Action (easiest b/c it is doing something)
Linking (links the subject to the rest of the sentence…not as easy)
Helping (words that are added before another verb and the “HELP” make a verb phraseSlide9
3 verb types
Action
Linking
Helping
Ex. climb
Dance
Laugh
Run
Ex. am
Be
Appear
Get
Ex. do
AmWereBeing
Joseph climbs to the top of the stairs.The coach appears very angry.Sissy is being grumpy this morning.
End of day 3- practice Simple subjects and simple predicatesSlide10
What is a clause?
Every properly constructed English sentence contains at least one clause.
A
clause
is a section, or a part of a sentence, which includes a subject and some kind of description. Sentences can contain one or more clauses. Slide11
For example:
The leaves in the tree turned yellow, caused by the changing of the seasons.
There are two clauses in this sentence:
(1)
The leaves in the tree turned yellow
(2)
caused by the changing of the
seasonsSlide12
Independent vs. Dependent clauses
The independent clause
is the dominant, main clause of the sentence
.
Dependent clauses
only serve to modify (describe, or provide information about) independent clauses. Unlike independent clauses, dependent clauses cannot exist by themselves. Slide13
After he graduated from college, Daniel got a job in a bank.
1. Underline the subject- Who or what?
2. Underline the predicate twice- what about it?
3. Is it a complete thought?
Subject+predicate+complete
=independent clause
Does any thing describe this but can’t stand on its own?=dependent clause Slide14
I
ndependent clause=
Subject + Predicate + Complete thought
Dependent clause= Can not stand on it’s own.
(it is a bike basket, not the wheels or frame)Slide15
“I do”
I
take the bus everyday to school, but I missed it yesterday because I woke up too
late.
Independent Clause
Dependent Clause
(s)Slide16
“we do”
As soon as it stopped raining, we saw a double rainbow.
Frank, who works part-time, will be your guide.
I have tickets for the Justin
Bieber
concert, which is in November.Last of Day 3