EE 4391 Group 23 Senior Design Project Team Dean Thomasson Stephen Frank amp Nick Speir Sponsored by Background Information IoT Internet of Things IoT The IoT allows us to network physical everyday objects with embedded electronics and software to achieve a greater value and serv ID: 492703
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Networked Weather Station(EE 4391 Group 2.3)
Senior Design Project TeamDean Thomasson, Stephen Frank, & Nick Speir
Sponsored by:Slide2
Background Information (IoT)
Internet of Things (IoT):The IoT allows us to network physical everyday objects with embedded electronics and software to achieve a greater value and service through exchanging data and operation control.Freescale wants to become more familiar with how best to integrate their hardware into the IoT marketplace.Slide3
Design Details (Goals)
Construct a weather station that communicates over a Thread (IEEE 802.15.4) network:Collect inputs from various weather sensors.
Aggregate, package and transmit the collected values.
Store the final data in a central database.
The final design should focus on:
Low energy (low power consumption) remote nodes.
Small size and low cost.
Final design reports to be submitted to Freescale to be used as reference design material or as application notesSlide4
Design Details (Stretch Goals)
Display data from the database using analytical graphing software.Analyze the effects of loading the ZigBee network with a lot of sensors and traffic.
Provide remote power source for the weather station (i.e. solar panels or batteries).Slide5
Design Details (Project Scope)
Students: Responsible for the weather station itself, which includes reading in sensor values onto the Kinetis KW2x MCU radio board and then transmitting those values over the Thread network.Freescale
: Responsible for configuring the Thread stack and central gateway router to request sensor data from the weather station and then pass along that data to Proximetry over the internet.
Proximetry
: Responsible for receiving the data from the central Thread gateway router, storing the data, and providing access to visualize the data via a Web User Interface (Web UI).Slide6
Design Details (Network Diagram)Slide7
Design Details (Hardware)
Minimum Accuracy/Resolution of Weather Sensors:1 kPa for pressure0.5 °C for temperature
0.011 inches for rain fall
1 MPH for wind speed
22.5 degrees for wind direction
10 μW/cm2 for irradianceSlide8
Design Details (Hardware)
Temperature Sensor−40 °C to +125 °C Range
Freescale Barometric Pressure Sensor
50 to 115 kPa, Absolute
Wind Speed/Direction and Rain Sensor
Rain Gauge: Self-Tipping Bucket, 0.011 inch increments
Anemometer: Cup Type: 1.492 MPH = 1 pulse per second
Wind Vane: Eight resistance type sensors, 22.5° increments
Light Sensor
Contains both infrared and full spectrum diodes
Extremely wide dynamic range 1 to 600,000,000 Counts
Temperature range: -30 to 80 *CSlide9
Design Details (Hardware)
Possible Future UpgradesBetter sensors such as a PAR (Photosynthetically Active Radiation) sensor, which measures photosynthetic light levels in both air and water.
Provide remote power source for the weather station (i.e. solar panels or batteries).Slide10
Design Details (Hardware)
Freescale’s Kinetis KW2x MCU Radio Transmitter Board is programed to read in the sensors using Freescale’s Kinetis SDK and IARSlide11
Design Details (Software)
The transmission of sensor values uses Thread, an IPv6 based protocol for “smart” home devices, which is built on top of the IEEE standard 802.15.4 for low rate WPAN.Slide12
Design Details (Software)
The 802.15.4 standard defines the physical layer (PHY) and media access control (MAC) layerSlide13
Design Details (Software)
The physical layer defines frequency, power, modulation, and other wireless conditions of the link.Slide14
Design Details (Software)
The MAC layer defines the format of the data handling.Slide15
Design Details (Software)
Thread provides enhancements to the network and transport layers such as authentication, encryption, and a data routing capabilities like the self-healing mesh network.Slide16
Design Details (Software)
Implementing Thread in our project:Slide17
Design Details (Software)
The first thing that happens is the Thread gateway router sends out a request for sensor values.Slide18
Design Details (Software)
Upon hearing the request the Transmitter board will read in the requested sensor values.Slide19
Design Details (Software)
The transmitter board then responds to the Thread gateway router with the requested values.Slide20
Design Details (Software)
The sensor values are then sent over the internet to the Proximetry database where they are stored.Slide21
Design Details (Software)
Real-time weather station data can be accessed from any browser via Proximetry’s Web UI.Slide22
Design Details (Validation Testing)
Individual Sensor VerificationData Transmission VerificationCompleted Design VerificationSlide23
Bill of Material (Prototyping)
Freescale Parts:Tower KL46Z Microprocessor Board $
150Tower Elevators
$
80
Tower Analog to Digital Converter Board
$
120
Kinetis KW2x MCU Radio Board $150Tower Prototyping Board $15
Freescale Barometric Pressure Sensor
$15
Total
: $530
Non-Freescale Parts:
Wind Speed/Direction & Rain Sensor
$
70
Light Sensor
$
7
Temperature Sensor
$
2
Enclosure
$
50
Unistrut Mounting Frame
$88
Total
: $217Slide24
Bill of Material (Production)
Freescale Parts:Kinetis KW2x MCU Radio Board
$150
Freescale Barometric Pressure Sensor
$15
Total
: $165Non-Freescale Parts:Wind Speed/Direction & Rain Sensor $70Light Sensor
$
7
Temperature Sensor
$
2
Enclosure
$50
Total
: $129Slide25
Budget Review
Freescale Budget for non-Freescale parts: $200Freescale Budget Spent to Date:
$129
University Budget:
Undefined
University Budget Spent to date:
$
88Slide26
Manufacturability Issues
Need for Custom connectorA custom connector must be manufactured to connect the weather sensors in the production model. This could increase production costs and lead times slightly.
Translucent Material Needed
The light sensor housing needs to be a highly transparent material that doesn’t fog up or collect dirt easily.
Automated assembly could be costly. Slide27
Societal Impact
The Internet of Things (IoT) has the potential tochange the way we interact with the world around us.The networking protocol, Thread, is already being used by connected thermostats and other home automation applications.
With all of these devices connected to the internet they are opened up to remote access and automation.
This level of connectivity has the potential to greatly increase the usefulness and benefit that we normally receive from everyday devices.Slide28
Environmental Impact
The weather station has a relatively low environmental impact.All of the materials used in its construction can be recycled by conventional means, such as with the plastic enclosure or metal mounting frame, or through an electronics recycling facility for silicon devices.
Its low power consumption provides for efficient operational costs both economically and environmentally.Slide29
Ethical Responsibility
SecurityTo protect the security of data and intellectual property:all documentation and software was accessed by machines which were password protected. Or if this was not possible (like on the Kinetis KW2x MCU radio board) it was kept locked up when not in use.
Access was limited to only those who were directly involved in the project.
Safety
Best practices for electrical safety were used when constructing the weather station to ensure the safety of all those who may come in contact with it.Slide30
Summary
The Networked Weather Station provides a means for remotely monitoring various weather sensors.This is accomplished via a Thread network using Freescale’s Kinetis KW2x MCU Radio Board and gateway router.
Real-time data can be accessed from any browser via Proximetry’s Web UI.
The production cost of a fully assembled weather station with wireless transmitter is expected to be less than $300.