Vocabulary Drug a chemical substance that is taken to cause changes in a persons body or behavior Medicine a legal drug that helps the body fight injury illness or disease OvertheCounterDrug OTC ID: 727358
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Slide1
Preventing Drug AbuseSlide2
Legal and illegal drugsSlide3
Vocabulary
Drug
– a chemical substance that is taken to cause changes in a person’s body or behavior
Medicine
– a legal drug that helps the body fight injury, illness, or disease
Over-the-Counter-Drug (OTC)
– a medicine that is sold legally in pharmacies and other stores without a doctor’s prescriptionSlide4
Vocabulary
Prescription Drug
– a drug that can only be obtained with a written order from a doctor and can only be purchased at a pharmacy
Illegal Drug
– a chemical substance that people of any age may not lawfully manufacture, possess, buy, or sell
Drug Misuse
– the improper use of medicines; either prescription or OTC drugsSlide5
Vocabulary
Drug Abuse
– the intentional improper or unsafe use of a drug
Psychoactive Drug
– a chemical that affects brain activity; also known as a “mood altering” drug
Side Effect
– an unwanted physical or mental effect caused by a drugSlide6
Vocabulary
Drug Antagonism
– a condition that occurs when one drug’s effect is canceled out or reduced by another's
Drug Synergism
– a condition that occurs when drugs interact to produce effects greater than those that each drug would produce aloneSlide7
Warm Up
TRUE or FALSE?
Medicines from a drug store can’t harm you.Slide8
Warm Up
TRUE - Medicines can be just as dangerous as “street drugs” if they are used inappropriately.
What other myths do teens believe about drugs?
Write down some statements you have heard from your peers.
Which do you think are true? Which do you think are false?Slide9
Drugs can be Good!
Thanks to medical and drug research, there are thousands of drugs that help
people
Antibiotics
and vaccines have revolutionized the treatment of
infections
Medicines
can
lower blood pressure, treat diabetes
, and reduce the body's rejection of new
organs
Medicines
can cure, slow, or prevent disease, helping us to lead healthier and happier
livesSlide10
How do Drugs Work?
They a
re chemicals or substances that change the way our bodies
work
When you put them into your body
drugs
find their way into your bloodstream and are transported to parts of your body, such as your
brain
In the brain, drugs may either intensify or dull your senses, alter your sense of alertness, and sometimes decrease physical
painSlide11
Drugs can be Helpful or Harmful
The
effects of drugs can vary depending
upon:
the
kind of drug
taken
how
much is
taken
how
often it is
used
how
quickly it gets to the
brain
what
other drugs, food, or substances are taken at the same
time
Effects
can also vary based on the differences in body size, shape, and
chemistrySlide12
Why do People Use Drugs?
Pleasure
Think better
Be more popular / peer pressure
Stay more active
Become better athletes
Curiosity
Invincibility – “That will never happen to me.”
Gain attention from parents
Depressed
Think that drugs will help them escape their problemsSlide13
The truth is…
D
rugs
don't solve problems — they simply hide feelings and
problems
When
a drug wears off, the feelings and problems remain, or become
worse
Drugs
can ruin every aspect of a person's
lifeSlide14
Over-the-Counter (OTC) Drugs
Medicine sold legally without a Drs. prescription
Pain Relievers
Aspirin, Ibuprofen, Acetaminophen
Cough and Cold Remedies
Sleep Aids
Pharmacies and other stores
Any OTC drug can cause harm if the instructions on the label are not followed!Slide15
OTC DrugsSlide16
Prescription Drugs
Drug that you can only get from a Dr.
Must be purchased at a pharmacy
More government control than OTC drugs
Potential for harm
A doctor determines the correct amount of medication given
Only to be used by the person the prescription was prescribed for!Slide17
Prescription DrugsSlide18
Prescription Drug LabelSlide19
Illegal Drugs
A drug that people of any age may not lawfully:
MANUFACTURE
POSSESS
BUY
SELL
Street Drugs
Heroin, Marijuana, Cocaine, Methamphetamines, Ecstasy, PCP, etc. Slide20
Drug Misuse
Any improper use of medicines
Taking more than the prescribed amount
Taking drugs with the wrong foods
Taking drugs at the wrong time of day
Not taking the drug for the correct period of time
Often by mistake
or because of a patient’s misunderstanding of the doctor’s ordersSlide21
Drug Abuse
When a drug is intentionally used improperly or unsafely
Abusing prescription painkillers
Abusing OTC medicines
Using them to get “high” rather than to treat pain or a cough
ANY use of illegal drugs
Drug Abuse occurs when people intentionally use any kind of drugs for nonmedical purposesSlide22
Addiction
Abuse of drugs can result in addiction
Addiction is the compulsive use of a drug, despite any cost to health, family, or social standing
It is a disease that changes the structure and chemistry of the brainSlide23
Side Effects
Although the immediate effect of a medicine may feel good, unpleasant side effects may follow
Side effect
– unwanted physical or mental effect caused by a drug.
Examples: nausea, headaches, dizziness, etc.
Because each person is unique, side effects vary from person to person, which is why prescriptions should never be sharedSlide24
Side Effects
Medicines have been thoroughly tested to minimize side effects with appropriate use
Drugs that are misused or abused often have side effects that can’t be
predicted and may be severe
or even life threateningSlide25
Tolerance & Dependence
When a person uses a drug repeatedly, the body may develop a tolerance to the drug
As the
tolerance
grows, the user needs increasingly larger amounts of the drug to achieve the original affect
Tolerance may lead to drug
dependence
—the body develops a chemical need for the drug and cannot function normally without itSlide26
Withdrawal
If a person who is dependent on a drug stops taking it, they will experience withdrawal symptoms
These symptoms are the body’s reaction to not having the drug
Symptoms range from mild to life threatening, depending on the drug usedSlide27
Drug Interactions
When a person takes more than one drug at a time, the drugs interact
The result is different than if the drugs were taken aloneSlide28
Antagonism
When
each drugs affect is cancelled out or reduced by the other
one
Neither drug has the predicted effect
Example –
continuing to smoke
while taking blood pressure medication (to lower BP) eliminates the benefit of the medicineSlide29
Synergism
When drugs interact to produce effects greater than those that each drug would produce alone
Example – alcohol and sleep medications can lead to the loss of consciousnessSlide30
Impurities
The manufacture of illegal drugs is not regulated by law (obviously)
There is no guarantee that they are pure
Many have other chemicals in them that may be harmful or cause dangerous drug interactions
The user simply cannot predict what effect the drug will have each timeSlide31
Other Health Risks
Hepatitis and HIV – from sharing needles
Hepatitis – can lead to severe liver disease
HIV – leads to AIDS (no cure)
Risks to Fetus and Newborn
Developmental problems
Born with a drug dependency
Through placenta and/or breast milkSlide32
Legal Risks
In addition to the obvious health risks, drug users/abusers risk facing serious legal penalties, damaging their relationships with family and friends, and causing significant costs to societySlide33
Legal Risks
Penalties for people who produce, possess, transport, or sell illegal drugs include long prison terms and heavy fines
Criminal record
Difficult for jobs, college, military
May commit other crimes
to support their addiction
Robbery, shoplifting Slide34
Effects of Family and Friends
Relationships become strained as the personality and behavior of the drug user change
Withdraw from relationships and responsibility
Become violentSlide35
Costs to Society
The US government spends billions of dollars to stop illegal drug manufacture and sales
Drug abuse prevention, education, treatment, and rehabilitation programs
These programs provide hope for many users
However, demand usually outweighs funding