WMO RA-I WIGOS WORKSHOP ON AUTOMATIC WEATHER STATION (AWS) NETWORKS - PowerPoint Presentation

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WMO RA-I WIGOS WORKSHOP ON AUTOMATIC WEATHER STATION (AWS) NETWORKS Strengthening and modernizing observing systems en Africa. Windhoek, NAMIBIA 19-21 November 2018.

OBSERVATIONS NETWORK IN GUINEAMamadou TOUNKARAEmail: tounkara218@gmail.com

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OUTLINES

I. GEOGRAPHICAL SITUATION

II. CLIMATE

III. OBSERVATIONS NETWORK

IV.

DIFFICULTIES OF THE NETWORKS OBSERVATIONS

V. CONCLUSION

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I. GEOGRAPHICAL SITUATION

Guinea is situated in West Africa and is limited at the East by the Ivory Coast and Mali, to the South by Liberia and the Sierra Leone, to the West by the Atlantic ocean and the Guinea Bissau and to the North by Senegal and Mali. Guinea covers an area of 245 857 km². Most big streams of West Africa take their source in Guinea. Guinea has a four natural Regions: 1. Guinea Maritime or Low Guinea; 2. Middle Guinea; 3. High Guinea; 4. Guinea Forest. These natural regions correspond each to a type of climate with particularities of temperature, rainfall, soil, fauna, flora and relief.

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II. CLIMATE

The

climate is

characterized

by two seasons : the dry season (November-April) and the rainy season (April - October).

The

rainy season lasts 5 to 7 months (April-October) of the north toward the

south

 ;

the rainfall mean is about 1970 mm.

The

rainfall distribution depending the latitude

, the topography and the

continentality

. Maxima rainfall are situated in Conakry (3700 mm) and

Macenta

(2700 mm); the minima are observed in the northern part (

Siguiri

and

Koundara

with respectively

1200

and 1100 mm).

The

maxima temperature

(superior to 30°C) is recorded in March-April in the north

zone and the

lowest temperature is observed in December-January in the

Fouta-Djallon region (lower

to 10°C in

Labé

).

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Monthly mean data for synotic stations

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III. OBSERVATIONS NETWORK

3.1 Classical equipment Stations 12 Synoptical Station; 27 Climatological Station;6 Agrometeorological Station;1 Marine Meteorological Station; 1 Upper air Station ;Mainy Rainfall Station.

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Map of network

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III. OBSERVATIONS NETWORK

3.2 Automatic Weather Station (AWS). Funded by the World Bank, Security and Safety Project at Conakry Airport. Equipments composed: SADIS (Satellite Data Dissemination System) and SIOMA (Integrated Aerodrome Meteorological Observation System).

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III. OBSERVATIONS NETWORK

3.2 Automatic Weather Station (AWS). With the support of development partners, GEF / UNDP-funded adaptation projects have provided National Meteorology with 19 AWS. Project 1: Strengthening resilience and adapting to the negative impacts of climate change in Guinea's vulnerable coastal areas – RAZC. Five (5) stations along the coast: Boké, Boffa, Dubréka, CERESCOR (Conakry) and Forecariah.

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III. OBSERVATIONS NETWORK

3.2 Automatic Weather Station (AWS). Project 2: Strengthening the Livelihood Resilience of Agricultural Communities to Climate Change in Gaoual, Koundara and Mali Prefectures – REMECC-GKM. Five (5) stations installed at Gaoual, Koundara, Mali, Labe and Fria. Four (4) mini stations measuring only 3 parameters (temperature, humidity and rainfall).

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III. OBSERVATIONS NETWORK

3.2 Automatic Weather Station (AWS).Project 3: Ecosystem-based adaptation of vulnerable communities in Upper Guinea – AbE/HG. Five stations are installed in the project area.

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III. OBSERVATIONS NETWORK

3.2

Automatic Weather Station (AWS).

The

EWS

project (

Strengthening climate information and

E

arly

W

arning

S

ystems in for climate resilient development and adaptation to climate change in Guinea

) will rehabilitate 27 stations with GPRS transmission. Also, the 19 stations equipped by projects 1 and 2 will be upgraded.

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3.3 Exemple data from Forecariah

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3.1 Management data

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D

eployment in July 2013- Twelve (12) Earth Networks Total Lightning Sensors with Automated Weather Stations ;- Three week long implementation on Cellcom mobile telecom towers;- Onsite installation and maintenance training by Earth Networks ;- Technicians representing Guinea DNM (Direction Nationale de la Météorologie) and Cellcom ;Support the Department of Meteorology, Ministry of Transport.

Creating an Operational End to End Early Warning System Infrastructure in Guinea (West Africa)

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Display to

high temperature on the 21th March 2014 at 12:10 PM

Mamou

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Climatological information about Mamou

Clic Details

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Some parameters

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Daily observation

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10 days forecast at Mamou from Friday, 21th March 2014

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IV. DIFFICULTIES

The AWS

observation of variables

is

done

automatically

.

However

, the data transmission

from

the acquisition unit to the

archiving

service,

it

is

done

manually

. For AWS

provided

by CIMEL, the

current

loop

for data acquisition and the internet

key

for the transmission of

downloaded

data are

used

.

With

the

equipment

provided

by ADCON,

it

is

planned

that

the transmission

is

done

by GPRS.

At

this

level

there

are

difficulties

at

the national

level

:

electricity

problem

and IP

address

.

Currently

,

only

the mini stations

installed

by Project 2 are

operational

through

the ADCON server.

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V. CONCLUSION

The use of automatic weather stations has become a challenge for developing countries. However, we have AWS advantage and constraint.

AWS

Advantage

Wide

coverage

of

vulnerable

areas;

Reduction

of personnel;

Acquisition

several

parameters

;

Fast

processing

information and

dissemination

of

products

;

Data entry set

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V. CONCLUSION

AWS

constraint

Calibration of data;

Incrementation

tilting

at

0.2 mm;

Drift of

some

parameters

(U> 100%, T <0, ..);

Capacity

building for

mantenance

and calibration;

Budget

lack

somme MNS;

Etc..

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THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION.