Established in 1976 in Montreal Canada Design and manufacture innovative HVAC products HQ and manufacturing facility 80000 sq ft located in Montreal Worldwide distribution network present in every continent ID: 309797
Download Presentation The PPT/PDF document "About Neptronic" is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to download and print the materials on this web site for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this agreement.
Slide1Slide2
About Neptronic
Established in
1976 in Montreal Canada
Design and manufacture innovative HVAC products
HQ
and manufacturing facility (80,000
sq ft
) located in Montreal
Worldwide distribution network; present in every continentSlide3
HUMIDIFICATION
Presentation
WELCOME │ BIENVENIDO │ BIENVENUE Slide4
Agenda
Introduction to Humidification
Why Humidity is so Important
Why Should We Humidify
Typical Applications
Calculation Parameters
Existing Local Variables
Hardness of Water
Types
of
humidifiers
Isothermal /
Adiabatic
Isothermal
Electric Humidifier
Resistive
Electrode
Gas
-Fired Humidifier
Steam to
Steam Humidifier
Direct
Steam Injection
Humidifier
Multi-Steam Distribution
Jacketed Tube Distribution
Adiabatic
Atomizing Humidifier
Air/Water
Fogger
High pressure Water
Ultrasonic Humidifier
Evaporative HumidifierSlide5
Humidity: Water that is in gaseous form, vapour.
Relative humidity (% RH): The amount of vapour in air at a specific temperature with respect to the maximum quantity of steam that can absorb without condensation.
Humidification: This process occurs when the water has absorbed enough heat to evaporate. It requires about 1,000 Btu to evaporate one pound of water (2.326 kJ / kg).
Introduction to HumidificationSlide6
70% of the planet is covered by water.
The human body is composed of roughly 60% water by volume.
The gaseous form of water is vapor and the measure of water vapor in the air we breathe is relative humidity.
The amount of vapor the air can hold is dependent upon the temperature of the air. The warmer the air the more vapor it can hold. The reverse is true for cooler air.
Why
Humidity
is
so
Important?Slide7
We function best at temperatures between 70 and 80 degrees and relative humidity of 40% to 60%.
If the air is dry and hot we lose body water by evaporation very quickly and thus our skin and sinuses are dry and we are always in need of replenishing the lost water.
Indoor environments in the winter are generally very dry in northern countries and so there is a need to add vapor so that we feel and function better.
Why
Humidity
is
so
Important?Slide8
All land based animals have similar problems with the relative humidity around them.
In fact just about all material both living and inanimate is affected by the amount of vapor in the air.
Paint, plastics, silicone, paper, textiles etc.; Many manufacturing processes require close humidity and temperature control in order to maintain product quality
.
Why
Humidity
is
so
Important?Slide9
Indoor air quality (Health, Comfort and Productivity)
schools, health care facilities, offices, living space
Material protection and storage
museums, archives, libraries, wood/paper, textiles, food processing
Environments for specific processes
Printing, clean rooms, pharmaceuticals, laboratories, semiconductors
Animal rooms/research, Zoological facilities
Static electricity
computer rooms, data processing areas, hazardous environments, munitions, aerospace, paint spray booths
Why
Should
We
Humidify
?Slide10
Optimal
Humidity
Level
2008 ASHRAE, HVAC Systems & Equipment, Chapter 21
By E.M. Sterling, A. Arundel, and T.D. Sterling, Ph.D.Slide11
Typical
Application
Museums
/ Libraries
35
-
50%
RH
Offices / Hotels / Schools
35-40% RH
Clean rooms / Data Centers
35-60% RH
Pharmaceuticals / Labs
40-
5
0% RH
Hospitals / Health Care
35-
5
0% RH
Printing Industry
40-
5
0% RH
Tobacco Industry
60-70% RHSlide12
Design Conditions
Outside temperature/RH(%) and desired indoor conditions
Load calculation (lbs/hr) for ventilation system
Natural: Space/Room Size/Number of air changes
Mechanical: Total Air Flow and % of outside air
Economizer: Total Air Flow and Mixed Air Temperature
DistributionAirflow direction, AHU/Duct size and Absorption Distance
Self contained
Calculations
ParametersSlide13
Supply water quality
City or well, softened, reverse osmosis or de-ionized
Energy source
Electricity, natural or LP gas, boiler steam or chemical-free boiler steam, High temperature hot water, Evaporative/atomizing
OTHER
PARAMETERS TO CONSIDER
Initial investment
Energy cost comparison Space available
Steam distribution configurations
Maintenance requirements
Vapor barriers
Existing
Local VariablesSlide14
Description: Water is considered a universal solvent. In drinking water there are several minerals that are dissolved.
Hardness is determined by the concentration of calcium and magnesium dissolved in water (
ppm
). Montreal city water 116ppm
Precipitate: When water evaporates, the minerals create deposits.
Water Treatment: water softeners, reverse osmosis or de-ionized
systems
Hardness
of WaterSlide15
Isothermal
Electric
Humidifier
ResistiveElectrode
Gas-Fired Humidifier
Steam to Steam Humidifier
Direct Steam Injection Humidifier
Multi-Steam Distribution
Jacketed Tube Distribution
Adiabatic:
Atomizing
Humidifier
Air/Water
Fogger
High pressure Water
Ultrasonic Humidifier
Evaporative Humidifier
Types of HumidifierSlide16
Isothermal
HumidifiersSlide17
Pros
Clean
sterile
steam
Compact size
Low installed cost
Close humidity control
If electric generation is close, very efficient
Cons
Cost of energy
Creates a certain cooling
load
Limited
capacity
Electric
HumidifiersSlide18
Resistive type
Pros
Permanent
cleanable
chamber
Works in all water qualities
Output can be held very close
Cons
Required
tank cleaning
can
be difficult
Electrode type
Pros
Bottle change out is easy and fast
Cons
Replacement
bottles
are
expensive
Complicated
control system
wastes
too
much
water
Capacity
loss
as
electrodes
becomes
coated
, unit
will
stop
Water
quality
affects
operation
and operating
cost
Bottles
are not
enviromentally
friendly
Electric
Humidifiers
:
Resistive
vs
ElectrodeSlide19
Pros
Clean
sterile
steam
Large capacity available
Low energy cost
Close control
80-85% efficient
Cons
Large foot print
Installation requirements (flue /combustion air)
Creates
a cooling
load
Must have gas
supply
Not good for small
loads
Gas
Fired
HumidifiersSlide20
Pros
Clean
sterile
steam
Large capacity
Closes boiler loop
Cons
Must have a central steam supply
Large foot print
Creates a cooling load
Can be difficult to maintain
Steam
to
Steam
HumidifiersSlide21
Pros
Large capacity
Low
initial installation
cost
Close control
Cons
Must have a central steam supply
Home run steam / condensate
Chemical carry over / dirty
Open loop for boilerMust keep the steam jacket hot
Creates a cooling load
Direct
Steam
HumidifiersSlide22
Direct
Steam
Injection Humidifier
Configurations
Multi-Steam Distribution
Jacketed Tube Steam Distribution
Consists
of vertical tubes
connected
to
a header
Short non-wetting distance
Jacket preheats the steam distributor tubes
Horizontal distributor installation only
Steam nozzles facing the airstreamSlide23
Adiabatic
HumidifiersSlide24
Adiabatic humidification
Isothermal
Humidification
Adiabatic
Humidification
Adding moisture to air can be accomplished with no addition of energy from external source. The air evaporates the water by itself, using a part of its sensible heat to accomplish the task, cooling the air as it absorbs moisture.
As the air absorb moisture and moves up the wet bulb line, the RH and the air temperature are both changing, but the total heat content (enthalpy) remains unchanged.
This natural phenomenon is used to save energy costs by augmenting mechanical refrigeration in warm, arid climates. Buildings are cooled and humidified simultaneously using this principle. It is also used in cold climate when humidification is needed in buildings that have surplus internal heat from equipment or electronic gear.Slide25
Pros
Evaporative cooling
Small
droplet size
Very large capacity
Can be put directly
in spaceLong
nozzle lifeLow
maintenanceFully
modulating
ConsRequires high inlet temp
Long absorption distance
Wetting of duct/standing waterPotential for bacteria growth
Particulate deposits/dust
Pure water preferredAir compressor cost/kWh cost
Air/Water
Fogger
HumidifiersSlide26
Pros
No air compressor
Cons
Large droplet size
Very long absorption distance
Short nozzle life
High maintenanceOn/Off or staged control only
High Pressure Water
HumidifiersSlide27
Pros
Compact size
Small water
droplet size
Cons
High initial cost
Must have ultrapure water supply
Ultrasonic
HumidifiersSlide28
Pros
Very
low power
consumption
Potable or pure water
Low initial cost
Cleanable
, low
maintenanceNo standing water in
duct
Cons
Duct pressure drop
On/Off or
staged control
Not good for close humidity
control
Evaporative
Media
Humidifiers