PSYCHOSOCIAL INTERVENTIONS ASSESSMENT PSYCHOSOCIAL INTERVENTIONS ASSESSMENT What are psychosocial assessments Why are assessments needed What kinds of assessments ID: 375967
Download Presentation The PPT/PDF document "ASSESSMENTS" is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to download and print the materials on this web site for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this agreement.
Slide1
ASSESSMENTS
PSYCHOSOCIAL INTERVENTIONS
ASSESSMENTSlide2
PSYCHOSOCIAL INTERVENTIONS
ASSESSMENT
What are psychosocial
assessments?Why
are
assessments
needed? What kinds of assessments are there? When are assessments done? How do you do assessments? Who conducts assessments?Who provides information
Focus of this workshop sessionSlide3
PSYCHOSOCIAL INTERVENTIONS
ASSESSMENT
What are psychosocial assessments?
Tools that help to find facts about psychosocial wellbeing and psychosocial needs
Measure and report
impact
of disaster / crisis on population (reactions, needs and resources) – including
impact on psychosocial wellbeing and copingHelp to identify vulnerable sub-groupsGuide the ‘where, when, what and how’ to planning and implementing a psychosocial intervention Slide4
PSYCHOSOCIAL INTERVENTIONS
ASSESSMENT
Why are psychosocial assessments needed?
Partner buzz and group brainstorm
Why are psychosocial assessments needed after every new disaster event or in every new crisis situation? Slide5
PSYCHOSOCIAL INTERVENTIONS
ASSESSMENT
Why are assessments needed?
All disaster and crises events are unique
Impact
–
people (physical, social, emotional) environment, infrastructure, economic, political, cultural Affected population – number, ages, gender Reactions of – people, government, NGOs (local / international), other assisting bodies Needs – basic needs, psychosocial, medical, educational
Resources available
– people, economic, political, local and international assistance, etc.
Opportunities for responses
Slide6
PSYCHOSOCIAL INTERVENTIONS
ASSESSMENT
Why are assessments needed?
Assumptions
Inappropriate
Unrealistic psychosocial
Interventions
RealisticAppropriate
Well-plannedPsychosocial Interventions
Psychosocial AssessmentsSlide7
PSYCHOSOCIAL INTERVENTIONS
ASSESSMENT
Two types
of
assessments
Needs assessments:
explore
impact of event; reactions, needs and resources of affected population
Examples
Rapid
assessments
In-depth (detailed) detailed assessments
Continuous assessments (monitoring)Slide8
PSYCHOSOCIAL INTERVENTIONS
ASSESSMENT
Types of assessments
Impact assessments:
collects data that can be used to measure
impact of psychosocial intervention / response
Baseline
study
Continuous assessments (monitoring)
Mid-term evaluations
Final evaluations Slide9
PSYCHOSOCIAL INTERVENTIONS
ASSESSMENT
Psychosocial needs assessments
foci
Demographics: who, where, population characteristics
Impact of event: physical, social, emotional
Problems: present and future
Resources and capacities: to help themselves and each other (coping mechanisms)
Assistance neededSlide10
PSYCHOSOCIAL INTERVENTIONS
ASSESSMENT
Psychosocial impact assessments
foci
Demographics: who, where, population characteristics
Impact of event: physical, social, emotional
(past and present)
Problems:
Past, present and future
Resources and capacities: to help themselves and each other (coping mechanisms)
before and now
Assistance
given already
and
still needed Slide11
PSYCHOSOCIAL INTERVENTIONS
ASSESSMENT
Impact assessments help us to determine
Impact of psychosocial
intervention=desired impact or not?
Improved
psychosocial well-being?
Need for adaptation of psychosocial
intervention/response?Slide12
PSYCHOSOCIAL INTERVENTIONS
ASSESSMENT
When are assessments done? Slide13
PSYCHOSOCIAL INTERVENTIONS
ASSESSMENT
When are assessments done? Slide14
PSYCHOSOCIAL INTERVENTIONS
ASSESSMENT
Immediately after a disaster
Collaborated effort between responders (desired)
Preparation for immediate and urgent response
Primary focus – survival: basic and medical needs
Rapid assessments
Examples:
Field and assessments coordination teams (FACT) and Regional Disaster Response Teams (RDRT)Slide15
PSYCHOSOCIAL INTERVENTIONS
ASSESSMENT
Psychosocial foci
Shock, disorientation, major and minor distress, immediate concerns, loss of ‘sense of place’
Rapid assessments
Typical response
Psychological First Aid
Restoring family links
Restoration of ‘sense of normality’
“Normal reactions to abnormal events” Slide16
PSYCHOSOCIAL INTERVENTIONS
ASSESSMENT
Example of assessment timelineSlide17
PSYCHOSOCIAL INTERVENTIONS
ASSESSMENT
Weeks or even months after crisis event
Motivated by indication of psychosocial needs
Analysis of community structures and opportunities for long term psychosocial interventions
Detailed assessments
Focus is on realistic, appropriate long-term interventionsSlide18
PSYCHOSOCIAL INTERVENTIONS
ASSESSMENT
Example of assessment timelineSlide19
PSYCHOSOCIAL INTERVENTIONS
ASSESSMENT
Baseline study
What is a baseline study?
What is it used for?
Has anyone been involved in designing or collecting data for a baseline study? Slide20
PSYCHOSOCIAL INTERVENTIONS
ASSESSMENT
Baseline study
Designed and undertaken AFTER the intervention has been planned
Used to provide BASELINE or FIRST SET of data to compare future monitoring and evaluation with
Important tool for mid-term and final evaluations
Measures INDICATORS of psychosocial wellbeing – that are then measured again later
Slide21
PSYCHOSOCIAL INTERVENTIONS
ASSESSMENT
Example
of
assessment
timelineSlide22
PSYCHOSOCIAL INTERVENTIONS
ASSESSMENT
Continuous assessments
Used for monitoring purposes
Keep track of progress and challenges
Provide guidance for needed adaptation
Slide23
PSYCHOSOCIAL INTERVENTIONS
ASSESSMENT
Evaluations
Larger and often more costly than other assessments
Valuable information to donors, program managers, participants and beneficiaries, progressing field of PSS.
Mid-term and final
Focus on
past, present and future
Slide24
PSYCHOSOCIAL INTERVENTIONS
ASSESSMENT
How
to
conduct
assessments
Two main types of data collected
Quantitative Qualitative
Surveys
Key informant interviews
Questionnaires Focus Group Discussions
Psychometric tools Observations
1,2,3 Word descriptions
=, %,
a:bSlide25
PSYCHOSOCIAL INTERVENTIONS
ASSESSMENT
How
to
conduct
assessments
In small groups discuss the two qualitative data collection methods given below, answering the given questions.Focus group discussionsCommunity mappingWhat are they? How do you ‘do’ them? Why are they useful in psychosocial interventions?What considerations should you make regarding GENDER and AGE of participants in these methods, and WHY? Slide26
PSYCHOSOCIAL INTERVENTIONS
ASSESSMENT
Designing an assessment
Slide27
PSYCHOSOCIAL INTERVENTIONS
ASSESSMENT
Designing an assessment
Slide28
PSYCHOSOCIAL INTERVENTIONS
ASSESSMENT
Exploring psychosocial wellbeing
Contextually, culturally defined
MEANING of psychosocial wellbeing typically differs from Population A to Population B
Buzz groups:
Can you think of different populations that you know, where the meaning of psychosocial wellbeing differs? Slide29
PSYCHOSOCIAL INTERVENTIONS
ASSESSMENT
Exploring psychosocial wellbeing
• How do you know when people in your community are doing well? Not doing well?
(meaning of PSWB)
• How are they doing now?
(PSS needs)
• What has changed in your daily life and in the community following the crisis event?
(meaning and needs)
• How are people helping each other?
(coping, social support systems)
Example questions:Slide30
PSYCHOSOCIAL INTERVENTIONS
ASSESSMENT
Exploring psychosocial wellbeing
• What were the good things in your life prior to the crisis event?
(meaning of PSWB, PSS needs)
• What changes would be desirable for you and for your community in the next month and within a year?
(meaning of PSWB, PSS needs)
• What would be good for the children?
(meaning of PSWB, PSS needs)
• How can you and your community contribute towards such changes?
(coping, resources)Slide31
PSYCHOSOCIAL INTERVENTIONS
ASSESSMENT
Examples of focus areas in PSS assesments
Slide32
PSYCHOSOCIAL INTERVENTIONS
ASSESSMENT
Collecting the data
Who should collect data in a population affected by a crisis?
Local volunteers
Trained in basic psychosocial support
Trained in appropriate data collection approachSlide33
PSYCHOSOCIAL INTERVENTIONS
ASSESSMENT
Collecting the data
Who provides the information? Slide34
PSYCHOSOCIAL INTERVENTIONS
ASSESSMENT
Collecting the data
Who provides the information? Slide35
PSYCHOSOCIAL INTERVENTIONS
ASSESSMENT
Collecting
the
data - triangulation
Same
Topic
Adults
FGDs
Youth
FGDs
Children
FGDsSlide36
PSYCHOSOCIAL INTERVENTIONS
ASSESSMENT
Collecting
the
data - triangulation
Same
Topic
Adults
FGDs
Adults
surveys
Adults
Key informant interviewsSlide37
PSYCHOSOCIAL INTERVENTIONS
ASSESSMENT
Collecting
psychosocial
data
Sensitive, emotional topics
Painful experiences
High levels of distress
Fearful of the future/unknown
Affected population
Training + supervision
- Providing PFA/PSS
Peer support
Self-care
Staff and volunteers
Providing data
= sharing
= finding solutions = empowerment
= coping
=
improve PSWB
Affected populationSlide38
PSYCHOSOCIAL INTERVENTIONS
ASSESSMENT
Collecting the data
Well planned and justifiable
Coordination
Clarifying aims and procedures
Participatory and collaborative
Ethical principals to data collectionSlide39
PSYCHOSOCIAL INTERVENTIONS
ASSESSMENT
Collecting the data
Comparison groups
Conduct and consent
Privacy and confidentially
Anticipate adverse consequences
Ethical principals to data collectionSlide40
PSYCHOSOCIAL INTERVENTIONS
ASSESSMENT
Interviewing
children
Inform community Consent from caregiver AND child Interview in safe spaces
Specific training for working with children
Ethical principals to data
collection with childrenSlide41
PSYCHOSOCIAL INTERVENTIONS
ASSESSMENT
Assessment analysis and actionSlide42
PSYCHOSOCIAL INTERVENTIONS
ASSESSMENT
Final considerations
In groups of 4 discuss the 2 following statements and then explain further to
plenary
It is important to conduct psychosocial assessments in collaboration with other stakeholders working in the same area with the same population.
Share findings of psychosocial assessments with others, both working with psychosocial and with other focus areas.